Franz von Lisola
Franz Paul Lisola (French François-Paul de Lisola ; from 1659 Imperial Baron of; * August 22, 1613 in Salins-les-Bains , Franche-Comté ; † December 19, 1674 in Vienna ) was a diplomat in the imperial Habsburg service and political publicist, best known for his anti-French attitude.
Life
Franz Paul Lisola came from an originally Italian family who later settled in Lyon . He studied law in Dole and graduated with a doctorate. He then worked as a lawyer in Besançon . He was outraged by the French occupation of the city and therefore went to Vienna in 1638, where he was in the service of Ferdinand III. kicked.
He gained the favor of the influential Maximilian von und zu Trauttmansdorff . At his instigation, he was appointed imperial ambassador in London . There he tried to get closer on political issues, but could not prevail against the French envoys. Between 1641 and 1645 he was again in London. There he tried to find a compromise with Karl Ludwig von der Pfalz , son of the expelled Elector Friedrich V von der Pfalz . He has also taken care of French emigrants who were in opposition to the French king and the leading ministers Richelieu and Mazarin . Like the first mission, this was not very successful.
He was only temporarily involved in the peace negotiations in Münster in 1646 . He was withdrawn again because his fundamentally anti-French attitude opposed the search for compensation. After the death of Władysław IV. Wasa he represented the interests of the emperor in Poland. When the Fronde in France turned against the government of Mazarin between 1648 and 1653, he tried from Alsace to bring together an alliance against them. This failed because there was a lack of Spanish support.
During the Polish-Swedish war from 1655 to 1660 he brought about an alliance between Leopold I and the Elector of Brandenburg Friedrich Wilhelm . In addition, he obtained from Poland the recognition of the sovereign rule of Brandenburg over the Duchy of Prussia . The election of Leopold I as emperor was also strongly promoted by this activity. Likewise, the conditions of the Peace of Oliva in 1660 , which were quite favorable for Habsburg, can be traced back to Lisola. When the succession to the Polish throne came up again in 1662, he was again the imperial envoy in Poland, in order to then try to establish good relations with the electoral court in Berlin.
In 1665/66 he was ambassador to Madrid . He succeeded in defusing the family conflicts between the Austrian and Spanish Habsburgs . This was reflected in the marriage contract between Leopold I and Margarita Theresa of Spain . This opened up the prospect of the inheritance of the Spanish crown for the Austrian Habsburgs.
In contrast to leading ministers such as Johann Weikhard von Auersperg , who wanted an understanding with France, Lisola pleaded for a European alliance against Louis XIV's urge to expand . He also represented this position in several publications and pamphlets. In particular with these and his warning against a French universal monarchy , he exerted considerable influence on the development of political opinion in the empire and in Europe. If the emperor had previously been considered a potential peace-breaker, France now appeared as a disruptor of the peace of 1648.
In 1672 and 1673 he was the imperial envoy to the Dutch States General . The Dutch-Austrian alliance agreement of 1673 goes back to him. This was at the beginning of Leopold I's active engagement against France in the Dutch War . The capture of Wilhelm Egon von Fürstenberg , who was Kurköln's leading minister on the side of France, also goes back to Lisola . One consequence was the weakening of the electoral opposition to the emperor. His grave is in the Schottenkirche (Vienna) .
Individual evidence
- ^ Robert John Weston Evans: Becoming the Habsburg Monarchy, 1550-1700. Society, culture, institutions. Vienna 1996, p. 215
- ^ Harm Klueting: Das Reich and Austria 1648-1740. Münster 1999, p. 61
Works
- Franz Paul von Lisola: The reports of the imperial ambassador Franz von Lisola from the years 1655-1660 (edited by AF Pribram, Archive for Austrian History, Volume 70) Vienna 1887.
- Le Bouclier d'estat et de justice, contre le dessein manifestement découvert de la Monarchie Universelle, sous le vain prétexte des prétentions de la reyne de France. 1667.
- Le Politique du temps ou le conseil Fidelle sur les Mouvemens de la France. Tiré des événemens passez pour servir d'instruction à la Triple Ligue. Charleville, 1671.
- Traité politique sur les mouvemens présens de l'Angleterre, contre ses interests, et ses maximes fondamentales'. Ville-Franche, 1671.
- Lettres et autres pièces curieuses sur les affaires du temps. Amsterdam 1672.
- La Sauce au verjus. Strasbourg 1674.
- La politique du temps, avec les remarques nécessaires ... sur l'état présent de la chrétienté. La Haye, 1674.
- Requeste de Monsieur le baron de Lisola. Présentée à l'Empereur le 4th October 1674
- Détention de Guillaume, prince de Furstenberg, nécessaire pour maintenir l'autorité de l'Empereur, la tranquillité de l'Empire et pour procurer une paix juste, utile et nécessair. 1675.
- Entretiens sur les affaires du temps. Strasbourg 1677.
literature
- Ludwig Hüttl: Lisola, Franz von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-428-00195-8 , pp. 686-688 ( digitized version ).
- Marcus Baumann: The journalistic work of the imperial diplomat Franz Paul Freiherr von Lisola (1613–1674). A contribution to the relationship between the absolutist state, the public and the politics of power in the early modern period. Berlin 1994.
- Alfred Francis Pribram: Franz Paul Freiherr von Lisola 1613–1674 and the politics of his time. Leipzig 1894.
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Lisola, Franz von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Lisola, François-Paul de; Lisola, Franz Paul |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Diplomat in the Imperial Habsburg service and political journalist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 22, 1613 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Salins-les-Bains |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 19, 1674 |
| Place of death | Vienna |