Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism in Vienna-Liesing
The memorials for the victims of National Socialism in Vienna-Liesing are monuments, memorial plaques and stones as well as street names in the 23rd Viennese district of Liesing , which commemorate resistance fighters and other victims of National Socialism .
This article is limited to the area of today's 23rd district of Vienna . The list of the following memorials does not claim to be complete.
Monuments and plaques
In Liesing at least four memorials and two memorial plaques commemorate victims of National Socialism:
- At an unknown point in time after 1945, the resistance fighter Therese Klostermann (1913–1944) , who was beheaded by the Nazi regime, was erected a memorial on Anton-Heger-Platz in Liesing. Her first name is listed on this monument as Theresia . It is not known who designed the stone.
- In 1950 a memorial was erected in honor of two members of the anti-fascist resistance group in the Varta accumulator factory (today ÖFA-Akkumulatoren GmbH) who were beheaded in the Vienna Regional Court. It is dedicated to Viktor Mrnustik (1902–1943) and Franz Heindl (1906–1944), bears the inscription Never Forget and shows two large-format portraits of the resistance fighters. The memorial was located at Siebenhirtenstrasse 12 in Liesing for a few decades, on the right after the factory entrance, and was not open to the public. After the old factory site was demolished, the memorial was re-erected in front of the entrance to the Liesingen cemetery on Siebenhirtenstrasse, where it is now open to the public.
- On November 1, 1954, the freedom fighter memorial was unveiled in the Atzgersdorf cemetery , designed by the sculptor Franz Pixner . It commemorates a total of 24 resistance fighters who lost their lives to Austrofascism and the Nazi regime : Anton Bergauer , Leo Dworschak , Hans Fröhlich , Karl Griesbach , Franz Hauer , Franz and Michael Heindl , Leopold Hofmann , Therese Klostermann , Richard Lehmann , Rudolf Mekiska , Viktor Mrnustik , Heinrich Müller , Josef Müller , Leopold Müller , Josef Nagl , Johann Sauer , Karl Schafhauser , Fritz Seiler , Max Spanner , Leopold Stípčak , Richard Suchy , Johann Teufel and Josef Willinger . The spelling of two resistance fighters on the memorial is incorrect: Viktor Mrnustik is referred to as Viktor Mrnostik , Johann Teufel as Josef Teufel . Furthermore, Johann Fröhlich is listed as Hans Fröhlich .
- In the Atzgersdorf elementary school, a plaque commemorates Hedy Blum (1931–1942), who was only allowed to attend this school for a few weeks , since 2002 . In November 1938 she was expelled from school because of her Jewish origins. In August 1942, the not yet eleven-year-old was deported with her mother to the Maly Trostinez extermination camp and murdered there.
- The Atzgersdorf synagogue was completely destroyed by fire on the night of the Reichspogrom . Since March 17, 2005, a memorial plaque commemorates the building at the point where it was.
Memorial plaque for the Atzgersdorf synagogue
Monument to Franz Heindl and Viktor Mrnustik
Monument to Therese Klostermann
Memorial plaque for Hedy Blum in the Atzgersdorf elementary school
A memorial and a memorial plaque moved to Liesing together with the business premises where they were erected or attached:
- Nine workers from the Austrian automobile factory (then: Austro-Fiat) in Carlbergergasse 40-42, who were involved in the resistance, were murdered by the National Socialists. A memorial that is not open to the public and was erected by Leopold Grausam, Sr. reminiscent of her. It was set up in 1949 on the then factory premises in Floridsdorf at Brünner Straße 72 and, in 1988, after the relocation of MAN commercial vehicles to Liesing, it was transferred to Carlbergergasse.
- Also by Leopold Grausam sen. A memorial plaque was designed in 1963 for the book printers and resistance fighters Alois Hudec , Gustav Kiesel and Wilhelm Weixlbraun , all of whom had been executed by the Nazi regime in 1943. The memorial moved from the old state printing plant on Rennweg in Vienna-Landstrasse to a new company building in Vienna-Liesing. During the renovation of the memorial plaque in 2005 and 2006, the artist's son, Leopold Grausam, jun. , involved.
Naming of traffic areas
After 1945 a number of public traffic areas in Liesing were renamed or renamed after resistance fighters and other victims of National Socialism, and also after people who were forced into emigration by the National Socialists or were banned from working. The decision to rename or rename an alley or street is made in Vienna by the municipal council committee for culture.
| Street name | named after | date | Former name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alma King Way |
|
Alma Johanna Koenig (1887–1942), poet | February 14, 1977 | |
| Amstergasse |
|
Samuel Amster (1867–1942), merchant | 18th December 1967 | |
| Bertha Neumann Park |
|
Bertha Neumann (1893–1944), political scientist | November 6, 2017 | |
| Brüder-Heindl-Gasse |
|
Franz Heindl (1906–1944), unskilled worker Michael Heindl (1901–1944), railway worker |
February 15, 1949 | Sudetendeutschengasse |
| Drill Lane |
|
Wilhelm Drill (1873–1942), doctor | 1954 | Türkengasse |
| Dr.-Neumann-Gasse |
|
Karl Neumann (1890–1944), doctor and dentist | February 15, 1949 | Badhausgasse |
| Dr. Rudolf Hatschek Park |
|
Rudolf Hatschek (1874–1939), doctor | May 19, 1954 | |
| Goldhammergasse |
|
Alfred Goldhammer (1907–1942), leather worker | May 6, 1947 | |
| Johann-Teufel-Gasse |
|
Johann Teufel (1896–1943), carpenter | November 7, 1956 | Part of Liesingstrasse |
| Kanitzgasse | absence | Otto Felix Kanitz (1894–1940), plumber, educator, journalist and politician | April 23, 1966 | |
| Klingerstrasse |
|
Julius Klinger (1876–1942), painter and graphic artist | October 7, 1982 | |
| Klostermanngasse |
|
Therese Klostermann (1913–1944), worker | 7th December 1955 | Rittergasse |
| Kripsgasse |
|
Josef Krips (1902–1974), conductor | March 11, 1988 | |
| Kronfeldgasse |
|
Robert Kronfeld (1904–1948), glider pioneer | 2nd September 1959 | |
| Kunkegasse |
|
Hans Kunke (1906–1940), insurance officer Stefanie Kunke (1908–1943), teacher |
May 19, 1954 | Mackgasse |
| Schmiedeckgasse |
|
Otto Schmiedeck (1876–1954), employee | October 2, 1957 | Lammgasse |
| Stipcakgasse |
|
Leopold Stípčak (1909–1944), assistant carpenter | June 19, 1954 | Dirt road |
| Zemlinskygasse |
|
Alexander von Zemlinsky (1871–1942), composer | October 2, 1957 | Josef-Weber-Strasse |
Alma King Way
Dr. Rudolf Hatschek Park
Klostermanngasse, with an additional explanatory board
Two streets, Fröhlichgasse and Lehmanngasse , were named after resistance fighters against Austrofascism , both were shot in 1934 and both names are engraved on the Atzgersdorf freedom fighter monument (see above). In 1967, however, Meierhofgasse was also renamed after the writer Maria Grengg (1889–1963), who was a popular German national author during the Nazi era ; she wrote homeland novels and illustrated children's books.
Stones of memory
In September 2013, the Stones of Remembrance Association was founded in Liesing for the victims of the Holocaust and National Socialist terror, the fifth memorial stone project for the victims of the Nazi regime in Vienna. The aim of the association is to commemorate the victims of the Holocaust and the National Socialist terror. The memory should become visible in the places where the people who were expelled, deported or murdered by the Nazi regime lived. The stones of remembrance are to be laid in front of the houses from which these people were driven. The concept is essentially based on Gunter Demnig's Stolpersteinen , who, however, rejects all five Viennese initiatives as plagiarism. The anchoring of the project in the population through sponsorships, donations and active participation is of central importance for the association. So far, memorial stones have been laid for the following people:
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See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ wien.at : Klostermann Theresia (+13.3.1944), resistance fighter - monument, work of art in public space , accessed on June 18, 2015
- ↑ Anti-fascist monuments and memorials. In: dasrotewien.at - Web dictionary of the Viennese social democracy. SPÖ Vienna (publisher), with images of the Varta and Freedom Fighter Memorial, accessed on May 16, 2015
- ↑ Several sources incorrectly state that the "sculptor Pfitzner" was the designer of the Freedom Fighters Monument, including: Freedom Fighters Monument in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna and Friedhöfe Wien , both accessed on December 19, 2016. No artist cites the online project Gefallen Memorials: Vienna- Atzgersdorf (cemetery, freedom fighter), Austria , accessed December 19, 2016.
- ^ Liesing: memorial plaque for synagogue. at www.wien.gv.at
- ↑ Memorial plaque synagogue Atzgersdorf. at www.david.juden.at
- ↑ Camera Humana: Sons of the Weinviertel: Leopold F. Grausam, Deutsch-Wagram - Stones Against Forgetting ( Memento of the original from December 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , March 9, 2013
- ↑ On February 10, 1975, the municipal council committee for culture decided to extend this street.
- ↑ The name was changed to Teufelgasse as early as 1949 , but the dedication was evidently specified in 1956 to make the person more easily recognizable, cf. Johann-Teufel-Gasse in Vienna History Wiki of the city of Vienna , the record Johann Devils Alley, accessed on June 5, 2015
