Friedrich-List-Platz
| Friedrich-List-Platz | |
|---|---|
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 Main path through Friedrich-List-Platz in the direction of Hochschulstraße |
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| Basic data | |
| place | Dresden |
| District | Südvorstadt-Ost |
| Hist. Names |
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| Confluent streets | Bayrische Strasse, Strehlener Strasse , Hochschulstrasse , Fritz-Löffler-Strasse , Lindenaustrasse, Am Hauptbahnhof |
| Technical specifications | |
| Square area | 1.45 ha |
The Friedrich-List-Platz is in the Dresden Südvorstadt and south of the main train station located place. He bears the name of Friedrich Lists (1789–1846), an important economic theorist and railway pioneer.
location
The square is located within the Dresden district of Altstadt II in the Südvorstadt-Ost district . Its north side forms both the boundary of the district to Old Town II and the district boundary to Seevorstadt-Ost / Großer Garten . The west side of Friedrich-List-Platz also marks the transition to the Südvorstadt-West district .
The essentially rectangular square consists of an approximately 1.45 hectare park which - apart from the south side - is surrounded by streets. Strehlener Strasse forms the northern boundary . It runs slightly obliquely to the rest of the square geometry along the station building and has an intersection with Bayrische Strasse at the northwest corner of Friedrich-List-Platz and the “Am Hauptbahnhof” road that runs through the overpass of the Děčín – Dresden-Neustadt railway line and faces north as St. Petersburger Strasse continues. The southern border of the square is taken over by Lindenaustraße, which however only exists as a footpath and is no longer signposted on site. The streets to the east and west of the square are both named "Friedrich-List-Platz". The street to the east is the continuation of Hochschulstraße , the western boundary street connects Fritz-Löffler-Straße with the intersection Strehlener / Bayrische Straße / Am Hauptbahnhof and is part of Bundesstraße 170 .
history
The square was created at the end of the 1860s together with the later Reichsstraße (today's Fritz-Löffler-Straße), Lindenaustraße (laid out in 1867) and the expansion of the Kälberweg (today's Strehlener Straße). Since Reichsstraße was the direct continuation of Prager Straße at the time, the newly created area was initially named Prager Platz in 1868. However, it only bore this name for a few years, because after the victorious Franco-Prussian War and the founding of the Empire in 1871, the name was changed to Bismarckplatz in the same year in honor of Prince Otto von Bismarck .
From 1870 onwards, the square on the east side, what was then Sedanstrasse, was built primarily with hotels and guest houses. On the south side, the main building of what was then the Royal Saxon Polytechnic in Dresden , the forerunner of the Technical University of Dresden , was built between 1872 and 1875 . Until 1900 the south, east and west sides of Bismarckplatz were completely closed and the area was landscaped. Until the 1890s, the railway line east of the Bohemian Railway Station formed the northern boundary of the square. The railway line crossed Reichsstraße / Prager Straße northwest of Bismarckplatz at ground level and with a barrier. It was only with the redesign of the Dresden railway systems from 1892 and the construction of the new Dresden main station (opened in 1898) that the north side of the square received its present-day appearance.
The air raids on Dresden during the Second World War in February 1945 severely damaged the buildings on Bismarckplatz. With the exception of the main train station and an outbuilding on the west side, the ruinous development was completely removed in the post-war period. As a result of the Soviet occupation, the name Bismarck was no longer desired as a geographical designation, so that the square was renamed together with Bismarckstraße in Bayrischer Platz and Bayrische Straße. The rebuilding of the area began in 1954 with the construction of the main building of the University of Transport (HfV) on the east side / Hochschulstrasse. The university, founded in 1952, was given the nickname "Friedrich List" in 1962 on its tenth anniversary. For this reason, the Dresden city council decided on September 3, 1962 to rename the square in "Friedrich-List-Platz". A monument to the railway pioneer was also inaugurated.
Lindenaustraße, which ran from Reichstraße to Sedanstraße until before the war, was no longer connected to the route now known as Hochschulstraße during the reconstruction.
layout
Since the end of the 19th century, the square consisted of a centrally located roundabout , from which straight paths led to the sides in all directions. In 1911, the Marie Gey Fountain, created by Georg Wrba between 1908 and 1910, was set up on Bismarckplatz. It commemorates the artist Marie Gey-Heinze (* 1881), who died young in 1908, and was donated by her husband Paul Heinze for 15,000 marks. After the fountain was damaged during construction in 1945, it was erected again in September 1952 and restored in the 1980s and 2001.
After the effects of the war, the design of the square also changed. With the inauguration of the Friedrich List monument in 1964, instead of the central roundabout, the square was given a more horizontal structure with an unplanted band between Juri-Gagarin- (Fritz-Löffler-) and Hochschulstraße, on which the monument was also located. It was supplemented with a diagonal path connection between the intersection at the main train station and Hochschulstraße, as well as a path parallel to Hochschulstraße from Strehlener Straße. The former Lindenaustraße was modeled on another path. In the mid-2000s, Friedrich-List-Platz was redesigned again, especially on the western half. The numerous large trees along the sloping main path are now surrounded by lawns and isolated seating. The main path is partially paved between Marie-Gey-Brunnen and the Friedrich-List-Monument.
The Friedrich List monument is also surrounded by benches and seating and shows the development of transport in the past and future. The reliefs were designed by Wilhelm Landgraf and made by Werner Hempel .
Development
The location at the Bohemian Railway Station, which later became the main train station, favored the emergence of several hotels and pensions, including upscale hotels, with many travelers, which is why the area around Bismarckplatz was given the name “ diplomatic quarter ”. Gustav Härtig's five-story Carlton Hotel was located at No. 1 Bismarckplatz (corner of Strehlener Strasse and Sedanstrasse) . After the First World War , the situation worsened for the hotel operators, so that the building was later converted into a location for the authorities. The Hotel Bristol at Bismarckplatz 5–9 shared a similar fate . The establishment, which opened around 1900, was modernly equipped and had a large reception hall and a ballroom. From December 1933 it was the seat of the supreme construction management of the Reichsautobahn Dresden. The Bristol was followed by a block of apartments and businesses. The Grand Union Hotel (No. 2-6) was opened in 1873 at the corner of Reichsstrasse and Bismarckstrasse . This was one of the finest hotels in the southern suburbs and had 80 rooms and was one of the first hotels in Dresden to have parking spaces for vehicles. This hotel also did not survive the economic difficulties after the First World War and had to cease operations, the energy group Aktiengesellschaft Sächsische Werke (ASW) used the building as its place of business from 1923.
The south side of Bismarckplatz was completely delimited by the Polytechnic , built between 1872 and 1875 . Architect Rudolf Heyn himself was a teacher and later rector at the facility, which was founded in 1828 as a technical training institute in Dresden and in 1890 was appointed a technical university . The neo-renaissance building was three - story and consisted of four wings that enclosed two inner courtyards. Due to the increasing number of students, new buildings for the Technical University were built in Räcknitz , so that the building on Bismarckplatz was given the name "Old University". In contrast to the buildings on Bismarckplatz, the new buildings in the south survived the bombing during the Second World War and today form the campus of the Technical University of Dresden, which emerged from the Technical University.
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After the destruction of the war, the tradition of the university location was resumed when construction of the University of Transport began on the east side of the renamed Bayrischer Platz and along Hochschulstrasse. The foundation stone for the Central University Building designed by Richard Paulick was laid on April 8, 1954. The striking building is now the seat of the Dresden University of Technology and Economics (HTW), after the HfV was affiliated with the TU Dresden as the Faculty of Transport Sciences "Friedrich List" and moved to the Gerhart Potthoff building.
After the Second World War, on the west side of Friedrich-List-Platz, a largely preserved outbuilding of the former Grand Union Hotel was refurbished and used again by the nationalized successor company of ASW, which later became the Energy Combine East and the Dresden Energy District. Until the fall of the Wall, the building was supplemented several times by extensions. By 1996 it was replaced by a new building, which is the headquarters of ENSO Energie Sachsen Ost AG, which had left the energy district , and also houses a shopping mall and office space under the name "City Center".
Following the demolition of the ruinous Polytechnic, the south side of Bayrischer Platz was initially a green area, before it became part of a long ten-storey prefabricated apartment block between Friedrich-List-Platz, Juri-Gagarin-Straße, Reichenbachstraße and Hochschulstraße in the 1980s . In September 2017, the renovation began on the blocks facing the square.
The area between Lindenaustraße and the ENSO building has remained fallow to this day and is to be built on.
The ENSO building (Friedrich-List-Platz 2) and the central building of the HTW (Friedrich-List-Platz 1) are the only remaining addresses that bear the name of the square.
traffic
Friedrich-List-Platz is a traffic junction in Dresden's Südvorstadt. The tram route runs along the west side in the direction of “ Nürnberger Ei ”, Plauen and Coschütz , which has a stop at the main station and is currently used by two tram lines. The north side, as part of Strehlener Straße, is a feeder to the main station and the HTW, the Dresden tax offices and the S 173 towards Pirna . There is also a bus stop "Hauptbahnhof (Friedrich-List-Platz)" for stopping needs. Due to the international bus stop on Bayrische Strasse, Friedrich-List-Platz is also exposed to increased long-distance bus traffic .
The west side was used by around 27,400 vehicles per day in August 2011, the north side by 10,800 vehicles per day.
Friedrich-List-Platz is also important for student walking and cycling as it is located between the main train station and the HTW.
Web links
- Friedrich-List-Platz on dresdner-stadtteile.de
- Friedrich-List-Platz in the Stadtwiki Dresden
Individual evidence
- ^ Adolf Hantzsch: Name book of the streets and squares of Dresden . In: Messages from the Society for the History of Dresden . Issues 17/18. Verlaghandlung Wilhelm Baensch, Dresden 1905, p. 84 .
- ^ A b Adolf Hantzsch: Name book of the streets and squares of Dresden . In: Messages from the Society for the History of Dresden . Issues 17/18. Verlaghandlung Wilhelm Baensch, Dresden 1905, p. 16 .
- ↑ Traffic counts . Friedrich-List-Platz: Section Strehlener Str. To Fritz-Löffler-Str. / Lindenaustr. (No longer available online.) In: Dresden Themed City Map. City administration of Dresden, formerly in the original ; accessed on September 12, 2017 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Traffic counts . Strehlener Straße: Section Am Hauptbahnhof / Bayrische Straße to Friedrich-List-Platz. (No longer available online.) In: Dresden Themed City Map. City administration of Dresden, formerly in the original ; accessed on September 12, 2017 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 51 ° 2 ′ 16.8 ″ N , 13 ° 44 ′ 1.8 ″ E