Friedrich Kullrich

Albert August Wilhelm Friedrich Kullrich (born May 30, 1859 in Berlin ; † July 27, 1934 in Dortmund ) was a German architect , urban planner and construction clerk .

Life

Friedrich Kullrich was the eldest son of the royal court and first coin medalist Friedrich Wilhelm Kullrich (* December 18, 1821 - September 2, 1887) and his wife Anna Kullrich, née Schultz (* August 17, 1836, † April 16, 1927) , a niece of the entrepreneur August Borsig . His brother Reinhard took over his father's profession. Friedrich Kullrich attended pre-school, then first the Friedrich-Gymnasium, later the Friedrichwerder Gymnasium , where he passed the Abitur in 1880. He then began studying architecture at the Technical University (Berlin-) Charlottenburg . He interrupted his studies for military service as a one-year volunteer withKaiser Franz Garde Grenadier Regiment No. 2 in Berlin.

On March 18, 1885, after passing the first  state examination, he was appointed Prussian government building supervisor ( trainee lawyer ). From April 1, he was then employed in this role in the new building of the Natural History Museum . In the first year he was responsible for the interior design, after which he took over the management and supervision of the construction work until July 1, 1888. Shortly after his 2nd state examination, he was appointed government builder ( Assessor ) and got a job in the technical office of the construction department in the Prussian Ministry of Public Works in Berlin. On September 22nd, he married Alma von Bonin (* December 21, 1859, † October 24, 1892). The couple had two children: Hildegard (* July 29, 1890) and Erwin (November 22, 1891; † February 25, 1892).

On May 1, 1889, he moved to Bochum , where the construction management was transferred to him via the regional court . After the construction work was completed, he was appointed to Dortmund as a town planning inspector on August 1, 1892 , to support town planning officer Carl Marx. Shortly afterwards, his wife died at the age of 32. Kullrich married Edith Taplin two years later, in May 1894 (born August 10, 1867, † December 17, 1944). From this marriage two children emerged: Günther (born June 29, 1896; † 1915) and Helen (born November 23, 1905). Another son, Diether, died on the day of his birth, April 29, 1895.

On October 2, 1899, he was elected a salaried member of the magistrate for a period of twelve years, taking over the position of town planning officer from Carl Marx. With the outbreak of World War I he volunteered for the military and was deployed in Belgium, Masuria and Russia. In Russia he was captain of the Landwehr from 1915, and he was also a structural expert on the staff of the fortress governor of Brest-Litovsk . He later became the head of the industrial department of the Economic Committee at the Bug stage inspection staff in Biala. After the First World War he returned to Dortmund and continued his official duties. In January 1923 a new occupation office was established and placed under Kullrich's leadership. In this function, he read a protest speech during the occupation of the Ruhr and was then taken hostage for two months together with the Lord Mayor Ernst Eichhoff .

Also in 1923, Kullrich's re-election to the City Planning Council failed. He then retired. Friedrich Kullrich died on July 27, 1934 at the age of 75 in Dortmund after a long period of suffering.

Services

Friedrich Kullrich began his position in Dortmund during the industrialization of the city. During this time it experienced a great change and strong growth, which was also reflected in numerous new buildings. Kullrich's administrative activity as building construction department, department head of the city committee, the building police, museums, fire extinguishing, the city library, the bathing establishments, the city theater and the orchestra, required numerous innovations. Among other things, he founded a professional fire brigade in Dortmund. In addition, Kullrich designed a large number of buildings, but the exact allocation is difficult today, as numerous documents were lost during the Second World War.

Town hall, savings bank and library building on a postcard from around 1920

One of Kullrich's first buildings in Dortmund was the new building of the Royal Mechanical Engineering School in Dortmund in Sonnenstrasse, completed in 1895, followed by the municipal power station in 1897, and the fire station in Silberstrasse a year later. A special achievement was the restoration of the old town hall in 1899, for which Kullrich had long campaigned. He replaced the baroque gable with a neo-Gothic stepped gable. This free interpretation of the medieval building was sharply criticized in retrospect and was probably a reason why the building was not rebuilt after the Second World War. In the same year the new buildings of the town hall and the port authority were completed, both according to Kullrich's plans. In this phase of his work one recognizes clear traits of historicism in Kullrich's buildings , the town house is built in the neo-renaissance style and cites the historic old town hall, the port authority is based on the Dutch design of the 17th and 18th centuries. Another building by Kullrich was the savings bank and library building from 1906, also located on the Alter Markt next to the Old Town Hall. This building, too, was based on the Westphalian Renaissance style and thus blended harmoniously into the ensemble on the square. In a lecture in 1908, however, he praised the practical advantages of reinforced concrete in building construction and demanded "to strive for a separate expression for the forces that prevail in [reinforced concrete]" ( Friedrich Kullrich ). Four years later, the construction of the crafts and arts and crafts school followed, in which, according to Kullrich, "the modern requirement to build in accordance with the material and construction has been largely taken into account" ( Friedrich Kullrich ). He also praised the construction of the new Stadtsparkasse building for the “contemplative use of the simplest relationships between columns and beams” ( Friedrich Kullrich ).

In addition to his work as an architect and town planner, Kullrich also campaigned for monument protection . However, he interpreted this protection very freely and not in the current sense. His services include the relocation of the Dortmund free chair and the preservation of the Volmarstein castle ruins .

Kullrich has received numerous awards for his work. On August 11, 1899, during the inauguration of the port, he received the silver medal of the city of Dortmund, and on April 19, 1910, the Order of the Crown, 1st class . When he retired in 1923, he was awarded the silver plaque of honor of the city of Dortmund and a street was named after him. The characterization as a secret building officer was refused in 1917 by the Arnsberg district government .

Fonts

• Building and art history from Dortmund's past . Lecture given in the trade association. Verlag der Köppen'schen Buchhandlung, Dortmund 1896, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 6: 1-72748 .
• Memorandum on the decoration and equipment of the restored town hall in Dortmund . Dortmund 1899, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 6: 1-59545 .

literature

• Oskar Jünger: "... always wanted the best". A historical reading book in memory of the Dortmund city planner Friedrich Kullrich. Klartext, Essen 1999, ISBN 3-88474-792-4 .
• Kirsten Dieckerhoff: Kullrich, Albert August Wilhelm Friedrich . In: Hans Bohrmann (Ed.): Biographies of important Dortmunders. People in, from and for Dortmund . tape 3 . Klartext, Essen 2001, ISBN 3-88474-954-4 , p. 127 ff .

Web links

• Literature by and about Friedrich Kullrich in the catalog of the German National Library
• Friedrich Kullrich. In: arch INFORM .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Kirsten Dieckerhoff: Kullrich, Albert August Wilhelm Friedrich . In: Hans Bohrmann (Ed.): Biographies of important Dortmunders. People in, from and for Dortmund . tape 3 . Klartext, Essen 2001, ISBN 3-88474-954-4 , p. 127 ff .