Friedrich Wilhelm Schoen

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Self-portrait of the painter. Working sketch for the oil painting "Künstlergesellschaft im Stub (b) envoll", 1844; Mixed media (gouache and watercolor over pencil on tinted paper)
The storyteller, oil / canvas, 1845
Ludwig Lang : Sunday morning, oil / canvas, 1885 (copy after FW Schoen, 1846)
Signature FW Schoen, example

Friedrich Wilhelm Schoen (born April 2, 1810 in Worms ; † January 16, 1868 there ) was a German genre painter and lithographer of the Biedermeier era . As a graduate of the Munich Art Academy , he belonged to the Munich School .

education

Friedrich Wilhelm Schoen was born as the son of Friedrich August Schoen , a Grand Ducal Hessian civil servant, and Elisabeth Koch on April 2, 1810 as the first of three children in Worms. He attended grammar school in Worms until he was 16 . From 1826 he completed an apprenticeship in lithography in Darmstadt and then continued his education in Karlsruhe at the Johann Velten Institute of Lithography and Art.

On May 1, 1832, he enrolled at the Munich Art Academy as an academy student under Peter von Cornelius . Economic hardships forced him to repeatedly interrupt his studies in order to secure his livelihood by making lithographs and portrait drawings, including on a trip to the Rhine.

Create

It was not until 1837, when Schoen was finally financially independent, that his first oil painting “The lancer, returned from Greece, with his family” was created . This painting was very well received in the exhibitions of the Kunstverein Munich and was acquired by Grand Duke Ludwig II of Hesse and the Rhine .

For the King Ludwig Album, which King Ludwig I of Bavaria was presented to by Munich artists in 1850 because of his great services to art, Schoen provided two picture contributions. Schoen was friends with a great number of artist colleagues in Munich. He exhibited regularly in art associations. He was involved in the Munich art community together with Leo von Klenze , Christian Morgenstern (painter) , Karl von Enhuber , Joseph Karl Stieler and Carl Theodor von Piloty as a member of the jury on the examination committee for the general German painting exhibition in Munich in the summer of 1854.

In 1855 he took a trip to France to get artistic ideas at the world exhibition in Paris . He attended artists 'congresses, such as the second general German artists' meeting in Stuttgart in September 1857.

family

By marrying his widowed sister-in-law Maria Barbara, née Heyl (1819-1865), daughter of Cornelius Heyl , he became the stepfather of his three nephews Cornelius Julius (born March 16, 1848 in Worms; † August 7, 1894), industrialist, Friedrich Wilhelm (1849–1941), patron, and Wilhelm (1851–1933), diplomat and State Secretary in the Foreign Office . His wife was the aunt of Cornelius Wilhelm von Heyl zu Herrnsheim (1843–1923), a German industrialist, politician and at the time one of Germany's most important art collectors.

According to the death register of the city of Worms from 1868, Schoen died in his native city of Worms. He had already deregistered from Munich in 1867 and returned to his hometown due to serious health problems, only to die there on January 16, 1868 of "softening of the brain". The literature wrongly states Munich as the place of death.

Work topic

Schoen's painting is characterized by an authentic representation of his motifs with romantic echoes. Favorite subjects were everyday rural life in the Black Forest , the Bernese Oberland and Tyrol . His pictures usually tell a story to the viewer (example: “The unexpected marriage proposal”). He also dealt with socially critical issues such as in the three pictures "Emigration Thoughts to America", "The Emigrants" (1855), "Emigrants in a Port Before Disembarkation". He also dealt with contemporary historical topics, such as the revolutionary year of 1848, when the South Tyroleans had to defend themselves against the onslaught of the Italians ("A South Tyrolean soldiers bid farewell to defend the border in 1848"). His "Illuminationsbilder" or "Nachtstücks" (including "The Old Fairy Tale Teller", 1845, also "Grandmother Told") are very reminiscent of the painter Carl Friedrich Moritz Müller , known as "Feuermüller" (1807– 1865). The type of "window picture" in use since the 17th century with a view from the living room out into the world is used in some of his pictures ("Sunday morning", 1846).

His painting “The artist pub“ Stub (b) envoll ”in Munich” from 1844 with the depiction of his Munich artist friends in the artist's pub Stub (b) envoll is worth highlighting. In total, around forty artistic personalities can be identified in this picture, including the painter.

Complete works

Although his creative period as a painter was limited by an eye disease from 1850 to 1853 and was relatively short due to his early death in 1868 at the age of 57, in addition to the 24 oil paintings mentioned by Boetticher, at least 27 other works by him are known. Some are in museums, including the Munich City Museum , the Neue Pinakothek Munich and the Neue Meister gallery in Dresden . The Berchtesgaden Local History Museum also has a picture depicting Empress Elisabeth of Austria in the Berchtesgadener Land .

Reproduction graphic after Friedrich Wilhelm Schoen

Works by Schoen have been used by numerous artists as templates for reproduction graphics. These include:

  • The Jealous Listener (1849), lithograph by Andreas Fleischmann
  • The girl at the window (around 1848), lithograph by Franz Hanfstaengl - Kunstvereinsgabe Prague
  • Sunday morning (1852), steel engraving by Christoph Preisel - Kunstvereinsgabe Mannheim
  • Berner Mädchen am Sonntagmorgen (1852), steel engraving by Christoph Preisel - contribution to the König Ludwig album
  • The love letter (1847), galvanography by Leo Schöninger - Art Association Munich and Freiburg
  • The letter reader , galvanography by Leo Schöninger - Kunstvereinsgabe Munich
  • The returning soldier , steel engraving by Andreas Wolfgang Brennhäuser
  • Thoughts of emigration to America , steel engraving by Andreas Wolfgang Brennhäuser
  • The sleeping village school teacher , lithograph by Heinrich Kohler
  • Artists' society in the Stub (b) envoll in Munich , lithograph by Johann Nepomuk Heinemann
  • The Anabaptists captured before the Bishop of Münster in 1535 , tachygraphy by C. Helmuth and JL von Bähr - Kunstvereinsgabe Halle
  • Der Policinellpieler (1860), lithograph by FW Schoen - for Kohler's Munich album
  • Sunday morning in the Black Forest , lithography by FW Schoen

Reproduced paintings after Friedrich Wilhelm Schoen

  • Kleine Vogelfreunde , painting copy by Franz Defregger (1835–1921), Austrian-Bavarian painter of the Munich School
  • Going to church in the Black Forest , painting copy by Fritz Beinke (1842–1907), German painter from the Düsseldorf School of Painting
  • Going to church in the Black Forest , porcelain picture by E. Ens from Lauscha (1824–1898)
  • Sunday morning , painting copy by Ludwig Lang (1885)

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Matriculation of the Munich Art Academy .
  2. ↑ Gerold Bönnen : The Heyl family and their work and the other: Leonhard Heyl II. S. 320. Both in: The Worms industrial family von Heyl. Public and private work between the bourgeoisie and the nobility . Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2010, ISBN 978-3-88462-304-6 .
  3. ↑ Schön, Friedrich Wilhelm . In: Catalog of the State Picture Gallery in Dresden . Baensch, Dresden 1920, p. 254 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ): “Geb. zu Worms 1810, died in Munich on January 16, 1868 "
  4. ↑ a b Schön, Friedrich Wilhelm. In: Friedrich von Boetticher: painter works of the 19th century. Contribution to art history. Volume 2/2, sheets 33–67: Saal – Zwengauer. Ms. v. Boetticher's Verlag, Dresden 1901, pp. 630-631 ( archive.org ).
  5. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Schoen: The artists' pub "Stub (b) envoll" in Munich. (No longer available online.) Munich City Museum , archived from the original on March 26, 2012 ; Retrieved October 24, 2012 .
personal data
SURNAME Schoen, Friedrich Wilhelm
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schön, Friedrich Wilhelm; Yes, Friedrich Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German genre painter and lithographer of the Biedermeier period
DATE OF BIRTH April 2, 1810
PLACE OF BIRTH Worms
DATE OF DEATH January 16, 1868
Place of death Worms