Fukov
Fukov (German: Fugau ) was a Bohemian village on the Spree in the Czech Republic . Its land register with an area of 275.6603 hectares now belongs to the town of Šluknov .
geography
Fukov was around the Hopfenberg ( Chmelový vrch , 376 m ) in the Fugauer tip , a Bohemian strip of land that protrudes into Saxon territory and is crossed by the Dresden – Zittau railway and the Spree. The railway line runs between the Taubenheim (Spree) and Neusalza-Spremberg stations for about one kilometer through the Czech Republic. Fugau was the only place where the Spree runs in Bohemian territory. Neighboring towns were Neuoppach in the north, Neusalza-Spremberg in the east, Neutaubenheim in the west and Taubenheim / Spree in the northwest. The Sonneberg ( 401 m ) rises to the southeast . The Fugauer Flössel rises in Alt Fugau, the Weißbach ( Fukovský potok ) flowed through the southern part of Neu Fugau .
history
The fishing village of Fugau was first mentioned in writing in 1474 as the property of the Dukes of Saxony. The von Schleinitz gentlemen later acquired the village. These left Fugau in 1531 Anton von Uechtritz . In 1555 his son Abraham von Uechtritz inherited the estate. Abraham d. J. von Uechtritz sold Fugau in 1630 to the owner of the Schluckenau and Hainspach lords , Wolfgang von Mansfeld . The next owner was Anton von Brummer. His heirs sold Fugau in 1682 for 7,650 shock to Philipp Siegmund von Dietrichstein , who added the estate to his rule Schluckenau. The re-Catholicization that began after the Thirty Years' War was initially unsuccessful in Fugau, the residents remained Protestants. Due to the lack of a church of their own, the Protestant believers visited the Spremberg village church in the eastern neighboring town. In 1696 the Schluckenau lordship had the village forcibly re-Catholicized. Some of the Protestants then left Fugau and settled across the border in Oppach, Taubenheim and Spremberg, today Neusalza-Spremberg . In 1780 the construction of the Church of St. Wenzel, it was consecrated in 1788. During the Napoleonic Wars, in September 1818 a Russian army with 60,000 men commanded by Alexandre Andrault de Langeron was encamped near Fugau.
Because of its special location, a referendum was held in Fugau in 1848 on affiliation with the Kingdom of Saxony , in which the residents decided to remain with Bohemia. After the abolition of patrimonial Fugau / Fugava formed a community in the judicial district of Schluckenau from 1850 . From 1868 the community belonged to the Schluckenau district . In 1919, the residents of the community again refused to join Fugau to Saxony. The Czech name Fukov was introduced in 1924. In 1930 Fugau had 791 inhabitants. The village consisted of 143 houses; There was a church, a parsonage, a two-class school, a post office, a customs office, 58 businesses, five inns and about 20 shops in the village. Some of the residents worked as stone breakers and stone masons. As a result of the Munich Agreement , Fugau was added to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Schluckenau district until 1945 . In 1939 there were 703 people in the village. After World War II, Fukov returned to Czechoslovakia in 1945 and most of the German population was expelled . In 1949 Fukov came to Okres Rumburk after the Okres Šluknov was abolished. In the following year the depopulated place was incorporated into Království and the border to Saxony was closed. Since the 1950s, Fukov was intended to be handed over to the GDR. When the plans to clean up the border failed, the Czechoslovak authorities began demolishing the place. With the demolition of the church and the school on September 23, 1960, the place was finally razed to the ground. In the course of the territorial reform of 1960 Fukov was incorporated together with Království to Šluknov and assigned to the Okres Děčín .
The ruins of the former village are accessible to pedestrians and cyclists from the Oppacher Grenzstraße ( Fugauer Straße ) over a small Spree bridge. A wooden cross erected on September 23, 2000 commemorates the place.
The cemetery, one of the last remaining architectural monuments of the destroyed village, was renovated in 2014 with funds from the German-Czech Future Fund.
Local division
Fugau consisted of the districts Alt Fugau and Neu Fugau. Alt Fugau was divided into the local areas Oberfugau and Niederfugau. The Plümpeldörfel area belonged to Neu Fugau.
Sons and daughters of the church
- August Weirich (1858–1921), Austrian musician, 1903–1921 Kapellmeister at St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna
- Rudolf Kauschka (1883–1960), German poet, writer, luge rider and mountaineer
- Jindřich Roudný (1924–2015), Czechoslovak athlete
literature
- Gottfried Engel: 500 years of Fugau (1460–1960). Volume 1: Chronicle Fugau , Zittau, self-published 2004; Volume 2: Chronicle / illustrated book Fugau , Zittau, self-published 2006.
- Lutz Mohr : The Fugau people in conflict with church and God. A reminder of an inglorious chapter in local history. In: Günter Hensel (arrangement): History and stories from Neusalza-Spremberg, Volume 4, Neusalza-Spremberg: Kultur- und Heimatfreunde eV and Local History Interest Group (IGO) 2011, pp. 51–58.
- E. Scholze: Fugau. A small border town to Saxony until the 1950s. In: Oberlausitzer Hausbuch, Bautzen 1995, pp. 170–171.
- Miriam Schönbach: See you in Fugau. There are only a few traces left of the destroyed place in Bohemia. But former residents keep the memory alive . In: Sächsische Zeitung , Löbauer Zeitung, issue of November 29 (Wednesday) 2017, p. 16.
- Rudolf Tilke: Chronicle of the North Bohemian Netherlands . Rumburk: Verlag Milan Holenda 1998, contains, among other things, chapter: The fate of a community (Fugau) , pp. 53-54.
- Alfred Tölg: Fugau (Schluckenau district) - 1960 leveled to the ground. Neusalza-Spremberg: Michael Voigt undated (1996)
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/672700/Fukov
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Schluckenau district (Czech: Sluknov). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Petr Mikšíček : Tváře Krusnohoří - Faces of the Ore Mountains , fornica graphics, Sokolov 2009, ISBN 978-80-87194-07-2 ; P. 60
- ↑ German-Czech Future Fund : Fukov (Fugau): The cemetery of the destroyed village is being renovated this year with funds from the DTZF January 18, 2014, accessed on August 1, 2016
Web links
- Lost places (Czech and partly German) with picture postcards
- Fugau (description on taubenheim-spree.de)
Coordinates: 51 ° 2 ′ 33 ″ N , 14 ° 30 ′ 7 ″ E