Chamois rush
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Chamois rush ( Juncus jacquinii ) |
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The chamois rush ( Juncus jacquinii ), also called Jacquin's rush , is a rare flowering plant belonging to the rush family (Juncaceae).
description
The chamois rush is a perennial, wintering green hemicryptophyte . The rush grows to a height of 10 to 50 centimeters and forms thick, dark green lawns over short runners . The round stems grow upright and are smooth to weakly ribbed. The flower stems are divorced at the base. They have only one bract in the area of the inflorescence, which towers above it. The basal leaves are thin, smooth and weakly runny on one side.
The black-brown inflorescence is a capitate spirre . It stands on the side and has five to 12 flowers. The hermaphroditic Einblüten carry six glossy red brown black-up, with a slightly lighter midrib provided tepals , six stamens and three long green to red corkscrew twisted scars. The fruit capsule is blunt, triangular, the same color as the petals and shorter than them. The chamois rush flowers between July and October.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = approx. 170.
Occurrence
The chamois rush is endemic to Central Europe and occurs only in Austria, France, Switzerland, Serbia and Italy in subalpine to alpine altitudes in the Alps , Pyrenees , Carpathians and in the northern Apennines between 1700 and 3200 m above sea level in grass, rock and scree of the high mountains. Their populations are not considered endangered across Europe. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises up to 2145 meters on Himmeleck in Bavaria and up to 2200 meters above sea level on the northwest ridge of the Grüner Kopf.
The chamois rush avoids lime and grows preferentially on strongly acidic to acidic as well as on loam and stone soils that are poor in nitrogen. The main occurrence of the plant is in Kleinseggenrieden of the Alpine Brown Sedge Swamps ( Caricetum fuscae subalpinum ) as well as a main occurrence in Alpine Sauerbodenrasen ( Caricion curvulae ).
ecology
As a full-light plant, the chamois rush does not tolerate shading. As a cold to cool pointer, it marks its location in high mountains above the tree line .
literature
- J. Grau, BP Kremer, BM Möseler, G. Rambold, D. Triebel: Grasses . Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10702-9 .
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
- E. Oberdorfer: Plant-sociological excursion flora . Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 148 .
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 298.
Web links
- Chamois rush. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Chamois rush . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Juncus jacquinii L., map for distribution in Switzerland In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )