Gennady Nikolaevich Troschew

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Gennady Troschew

Gennadi Nikolajewitsch Troschew ( Russian Геннадий Николаевич Трошев , scientific transliteration Gennadij Nikolaevič Trošev ; born March  14, 1947 in Berlin ; † September 14, 2008 in Perm ) was a Russian general.

biography

After his parents returned from the Soviet occupation zone in Germany, Troschew spent his childhood in the Chechen-Ingush ASSR . He lived in Grozny for a long time , but this did not prevent him from behaving as a hardliner during the Second Chechen War , who let the war be waged without any consideration for the civilian population.

Civil service career

In 1969 he completed his training at the tank school in Kazan and subsequently served in various positions with the tank troops. In 1976 he graduated from the Military Academy of Armored Forces, and in 1988 from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR .

Use in the Chechen wars and in Dagestan

From 1994 on, Gennady Troschew commanded the 42nd Army Corps of the North Caucasus Military District and in early 1995 was appointed commander of the Defense Ministry grouping in Chechnya . From 1995 to 1997 he was commander of the 58th Army . Then, in July 1997, he was appointed Deputy Commander of the North Caucasian Military District. In August 1999, he was given command of the federal forces in Dagestan , where he led operations against Islamic fighters when the fighting began.

From October 1999 Troschew was deputy commander of the United Grouping of Armed Forces in the North Caucasus and commander of the "Vostok" (German: East) group of Russian armed forces, which began to encircle and conquer Grozny and the surrounding area from the east. Like other high-ranking Russian army leaders, Troschew saw the renewed armed conflict against Chechen fighters as an opportunity to avenge the defeat of the First Chechen War and to restore the battered reputation and honor of the Russian armed forces. In the first weeks of the war he said in an interview with the Frankfurter Rundschau that the Russian army “could only prevent politicians [from victory] - if they hug us halfway, as in the last war.” But "That would be treason," said Troschew, and it would not happen this time. The uncompromising stance, which was unreservedly shared by the Prime Minister and - since December 31, 1999 - the acting President Vladimir Putin , was also reflected in the actions of the Russian air forces and ground troops, which Troschev explained as follows:

“If we are shot at from a house, the house will be destroyed. If we are shot at from a place, the place will be destroyed. "

In December 1999 Troschew was awarded the title Hero of the Russian Federation , whereas he was listed on the Chechen side in a so-called “criminal list”. In February 2000 he was appointed Colonel-General conveyed. By then, the war had already cost thousands of Chechen civilians their lives, which was mainly due to the use of heavy and extremely heavy weapons and the ongoing air bombardment by the Russian side. Solely by the authorized by them use of aerosol and 1.500 kilogram bombs, missile launchers of the type TOS-1 , as well as of missiles of the type SS-21 "Totschka-U" are its military command Putin and the tip in war crimes involved judged that for Military analyst Pavel Felgenhauer working for the independent Russian daily Novaja Gazeta in March 2000.

Troschew (right) with the director of the Ukrainian Cossack Research Center, Nikolai Mazeppa, in 2005

Troschew, who also drew attention to himself during the war by calling for “Chechen bandits” to be publicly executed, held other leadership positions before he was finally appointed commander of the troops of the North Caucasian Military District in May 2001. In December 2002 he was withdrawn from this post in order to discuss future decisions of the Russian government with the public that affect the armed forces - in other words, a role as government spokesman. Shortly after his cancellation, he commanded the Siberian Military District. In the end, he took over a political office and acted from February 2003 to September 2008 as an adviser to the President on Cossack affairs . Troschew last lived in Moscow .

Troschew also campaigned in public for the convicted Yuri Budanov , who abused and murdered 18-year-old Elsa Kungayeva during the Second Chechen War .

death

Gennady Troschew was killed on September 14, 2008, on Aeroflot flight 821 of the Aeroflot subsidiary Aeroflot-Nord , on the way from Moscow to Perm as one of the 88 aircraft occupants. On October 22, 2008, Gennady Troschew was buried in the Kuban , near the city of Krasnodar . The President of the Chechen Republic, Ramzan Kadyrov , made the decision on the same day to have a street in Grozny named after Troschew.

Private

Troschew was married. His wife comes from a Cossack family in the Terek region and is therefore at home in the North Caucasus .

Publications

  • Gennady Troschew: Moja wojna. Chechensky dnewnik okopnowo generala , Moscow, Vagrius-Verlag 2002, ISBN 5-264-00657-1 . (Russian)
  • Gennady Troschew : Chechensky recurrent. Sapiski komandujuschtschewo , Moscow, Vagrius-Verlag 2003, ISBN 5-9560-0137-2 . (Russian)
  • Gennady Troschew: Tschetschenski islom , Moscow, Vagrius-Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-5-9691-0313-9 . (Russian)

Web links

Commons : Gennady Troshev  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The Revenge of the Generals ( Memento of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (Frankfurter Rundschau, November 10, 1999)
  2. ↑ In connection with Chechnya, it is a matter of "beating your opponent [meaning: the Chechens] first, and so hard that he no longer gets up," Putin said in March 2000, for example. Quoted in ÖMZ 3/2000 , P. 365.
  3. ↑ Quoted from ÖMZ 3/2000, p. 367.
  4. ↑ A preliminary “balance sheet” by two Chechen MPs from mid-January 2000 assumed 15,000 civilians killed, whereas the chairman of the pro-Russian “Chechen State Council” spoke of 2,000 civilians killed. Putin, on the other hand, had told the then US Secretary of State just a month earlier that the civilian war victims in Chechnya could be "counted on the fingers of one hand". ÖMZ 2/2000, p. 230.
  5. ↑ See also ÖMZ 3/2000, p. 368 and Pavel Felgenhauer: Russian Strategy in the Chechnya Wars , p. 7: “The use of such mass-destruction weapons ... and ballistic missiles against civilian targets was authorized by the Kremlin and this implicates Putin, as well as his top military chiefs in war crimes. ”Lecture at the research seminar Parameters of Armed Conflicts , organized by the Institute for International Peacekeeping of the National Defense Academy from 17. – 19. March 2000 ( download of the articles ).
  6. ↑ Troschew's short biography .
  7. ^ Anna Politkovskaya: A Small Corner of Hell. Dispatches from Chechnya. Chicago University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-226-67432-0 , pp. 154-158.
  8. ^ Plane crash into death: Farewell to General Troschew (Sputnik Germany, October 22, 2008)
  9. ↑ Именем генерала Трошева назовут улицу в Грозном (lenta.ru, 14 сентября 2008)
personal data
SURNAME Troschew, Gennady Nikolayevich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Трошев, Геннадий Николаевич
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian general
DATE OF BIRTH March 14, 1947
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH September 14, 2008
Place of death Perm