Gerhard III. from Minden

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Episcopal seal from 1381
Episcopal seal from 1390

Gerhard, Count von Hoya (* around 1360, † January 27, 1398 ) was according to some sources as Gerhard III. briefly from December 1397 to January 1398 Bishop of Minden .

origin

Gerhard came from the Counts of Hoya . His ancestor Wedekind already held this office in the diocese of Minden . Other members of the House of Hoya followed him on the Minden throne. Gerhard was the son of Count Gerhard III, who ruled in Hoya from 1324 to 1383 . von Hoya and Jutta von Lippe, who led a feud against the diocese of Minden during his reign. While Gerhard as the third bishop named Gerhard consequently named Gerhard III. led, he is also referred to as Gerhard IV von Hoya in the dynastic count of the Counts of Hoya in order to avoid confusion with his father. While his brother Otto succeeded the throne in Hoya, his two brothers also held high ecclesiastical offices. His brother Heinrich was cathedral cantor in Bremen, further cathedral dean of Verden and in 1407 provided by (counter) Pope Alexander V to bishop from 1407 to bishop of Verden , which he was until 1426.

Church career

Time in Schwerin

Gerhard von Hoyer was a cleric in the Schwerin diocese . From 1371 to 1398 Gerhard was also canon in the cathedral chapter of Bremen . In 1372 he is said to have been canon in Cologne . Before the death of the Schwerin bishop Melchior von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen in 1384, the Elektus Gerhard was appointed as his successor by ( anti- ) Pope Clemens VII of Avignon in 1381 and given far-reaching powers on February 18, 1382. Opposing bishops were Johann IV. Junge and Potho von Pothenstein .

Referring to the survey on electus Zwerien Although the intrinsic gehabten of it were sinecures also lent, namely the canonry and prebend with a Obödientia and the Thesaurarsamt the Bremen Cathedral, was but with hope that this after receiving the episcopal ordination of Gerhard soon would be available .

However, Gerhard von Hoyer did not receive the episcopal ordination. Not as a supporter of Pope Clement VII, nor when he had turned to Roman obedience .

Time in Minden

Whether Gerhard III. In the last year of his life he was bishop in Minden for about a month and thus also regent in the bishopric of Minden is controversial. The lexicon of the Middle Ages lists him as bishop from December 1397 to January 27, 1398. Other sources also mention him as a bishop. Other sources do not mention Gerhard as a bishop. With them follows Bishop Otto III. Bishop Marquard .

Was Gerhard III. Bishop in Minden, due to the very short term of office, it can be assumed that he was hardly able to provide impetus in the diocese of Minden. With a term of office of only around one month, Gerhard III. the Minden bishop with the shortest term of office, although his successor Marquard von Randegg and the later Bishop Julius also had very short reigns. The cathedral chapter of Minden reported to Pope Boniface IX. that Gerhard von Hoyer, in whose favor their bishop Otto, who died on January 1, 1397, resigned his office on December 22, 1397, died on January 27, 1398.

It is not known where Gerhard von Hoyer found his grave.

seal

Two seals have come down to us from Bishop Gerhard von Hoyer .

The seal from 1381 shows a spiritual figure under which there is a shield with the Hoyer bear claws. In the second seal from 1390, the bear's claws can be seen in the shield. The inscription is quite indistinct, the first name can still be seen in the second seal. There are no indications that Schwerin was an Electus.

literature

  • Josef Traeger : The bishops of the medieval diocese of Schwerin. St. Benno Verlag Leipzig 1984, pp. 122-124.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Heinrich Leo: Lectures on the history of the German people and empire. The territories of the German Empire in the Middle Ages since the 13th century . tape 5 . Eduard Anton, Halle 1867, p. 509 ( digitized version in Google book search).
  2. ^ Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch MUB XX. (1900) No. 11409, 11410.
  3. ↑ Reportorium Germanicum IS 36. German Historical Institute in Rome, Berlin 1897th
  4. ↑ Hoyer Urkundenbuch, Hannover 1855, Vabt. Document No. 196.
  5. ↑ Minden . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages . tape VI . Artemis - & - Winkler-Verlag, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-7608-8906-9 , p. 631 ( HTML ).
  6. ↑ cf. Photo of a board with a list of the Minden bishops in Minden Cathedral
  7. ↑ cf. Ernst Friedrich Moyer: Onomasticon chronographikon hierarchiae germanicae: List of German bishops since the year 800 AD, together with an appendix, containing the dignitaries of some abbeys and knights . Self-published by the author, Minden 1854, p. 70/71 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  8. ↑ Franz Kummer: The bishopric elections in Germany at the time of the great schism 1378-1418 . Leipzig 1891, pp. 31–32.
  9. ^ Hoyer Urkundenbuch, Hannover 1855, Sig. 23, 25.

Web links

predecessor Office successor
Otto III. from Schalksberg Bishop of Minden
1397 -1,398 		Marquard von Randeck
personal data
SURNAME Gerhard III.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gerhard III. from Hoya; Gerhard Graf von Hoya
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Roman Catholic bishop
DATE OF BIRTH around 1360
DATE OF DEATH January 27, 1398