Geschwitz
Geschwitz was a village in the Leipzig district administration , which had been part of Rötha since 1924 and fell victim to lignite mining ( Espenhain opencast mine ) in 1952 . The area has now been recultivated.
Location and local characteristics
Geschwitz was located about 1 km north of Rötha on a slight slope on the east side of the Pleißenaue . Its neighboring towns were Rüben , Muckern , Rötha, the Vorwerk Podschütz (from 1839 district of Rötha), Böhlen , Zeschwitz and Stöhna in a clockwise direction from the north .
Geschwitz was a farming village with the structure of a double dead-end village running in north-south direction with access in the middle and around 20 courtyards. The new course of the Gösel and the federal road 95 are located in the recultivated corridor of Geschwitz .
traffic
On the eastern edge of the Pleißenaue and immediately east of Geschwitz, the trade route Via Imperii ran since the Middle Ages . Later, the Poststrasse Leipzig – Altenburg used the same route. With the relocation to the flood-safe route via Magdeborn around 1818 (later F 95 ), Geschwitz lost its connection to the trunk road network.
In 1913 the Böhlen – Espenhain railway was opened. The Rötha station on this route was located between Rötha and Geschwitz about 500 meters from the village.
history
In 1378 Geschwitz was first mentioned as Geswicz. A much older settlement is documented by finds of red shards (" Terra Sigillata ") on Geschwitzer Flur with the stamp "Janu F" from Rheinzabern from the period between 150 and 200 AD. In 1445 there was a knight's seat in the place, but as early as 1551 the manor Rötha exercised the manor over the village. It stayed that way until the Saxon rural community order of 1838 , according to which the villages were given their own administration. At that time Geschwitz had 142 inhabitants. The place was until 1856 in the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon District Office Leipzig . From 1856 the place belonged to the Rötha court office and from 1875 to the Borna district administration . Heinrich Freiherr von Friesen introduced excessive fruit growing in Rötha in the 1870s. In this way, large apple orchards and tree nurseries emerged on the fields east of Geschwitz .
From around the beginning of the 20th century, Geschwitz and Rötha grew closer and closer to each other due to building activity. In 1924 Geschwitz was finally incorporated into Rötha. The population of Geschwitz was just under 300 inhabitants. In church terms, Geschwitz had always belonged to Rötha.
In the early 1950s, the Espenhain open-cast mine reached the Geschwitzer Flur. The village was relocated, devastated and then dredged over between 1951 and 1953 . Most of the residents were accommodated in Rötha. The charred areas were recultivated . Bundesstraße 95 now runs over the former site of Geschwitz . The Gösel Bach, relocated because of the opencast mine, also crosses the former Geschwitz.
A memorial stone at the site of the former entrance to the town and a street name in Rötha are reminiscent of Geschwitz.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Geschwitz on www.devastiert.de ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ History of Rötha
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 60 f.
- ^ The Borna District Administration in the municipal directory 1900
Web links
- Geschwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Geschwitz . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 3rd volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1816, p. 114.
- The story of Rötha on Roetha-Info.net
Coordinates: 51 ° 12 ′ 33.8 " N , 12 ° 24 ′ 29.3" E