Glacier Carnation
| Glacier Carnation | ||||||||||||
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Glacier Carnation ( Dianthus glacialis ) |
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| Dianthus glacialis | ||||||||||||
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The glacial carnation ( Dianthus glacialis ) is a plant from the genus of carnations ( Dianthus glacialis ) within the family of Caryophyllaceae (Caryophyllaceae).
description
The glacier carnation grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 2 to 5 centimeters. It has a simple, single-flowered upright stem and many sterile shoots. The leaves are linear-lanceolate with a length of up to 5 centimeters and a width of 1–2 millimeters with a blunt (rounded) upper end. The basal leaves protrude above the stems (only this way).
The flowering period extends from July to August. The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The calyx is tubular, 12 to 16 millimeters long, glabrous, with lanceolate scales that are as long as the calyx. The purple-pink crown has a diameter of 15 to 20 millimeters. The petals have a serrated plate and darker lines or points on the throat. There are two styluses .
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30.
Occurrence
The glacier carnation is common in the eastern central Alps and the Carpathian Mountains . In Austria it occurs scattered or rarely in the federal states of Styria , Salzburg , Carinthia and Tyrol . The glacier carnation occurs in Central Europe only to the southeast of a line that runs from Samnaun via Arosa to the Veltin.
The glacier carnation is vicarious with the alpine carnation ( Dianthus alpinus ) . The preferred locations are lawns , gravel over more or less calcareous silicate rock , but also ridges exposed to wind at altitudes between 1900 and 2900 meters.
The glacier carnation thrives best on slightly acidic, lime-poor or largely decalcified, stony and poorly overgrown soils in an alpine climate . It inhabits moraine rubble , stony mats and lawns as well as ridges exposed to wind and rocky slopes. She is a character species of the Elynetum.
The glacier carnation is well adapted to life in the high mountains , because with its deep root system it contributes to the solidification of moving debris; it also provides support in places exposed to wind. However, it cannot assert itself in a closed association with higher-growing species. - Strangely enough, the glacier carnation probably avoids limestone soil the more consistently the further east it grows; in the western part of its area it also thrives on limestone.
literature
- Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
- Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (= Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
- Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 2 : Yew family to butterfly family . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 370.
Web links
- Dianthus glacialis Haenke In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved October 8, 2015.