Gonam
|
Gonam Гонам, Гуонаам (Guonaam) |
||
|
|
||
| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 18030600312117300012630 | |
| location | Sakha Republic (Yakutia) ( Russia ) | |
| River system | Lena | |
| Drain over | Uchur → Aldan → Lena → Arctic Ocean | |
| source |
Stanowoy Mountains northeast of Tynda 55 ° 45 ′ 21 ″ N , 125 ° 34 ′ 35 ″ E |
|
| Source height | approx. 1300 m | |
| muzzle |
Uchur coordinates: 57 ° 20 ′ 43 " N , 131 ° 16 ′ 53" E 57 ° 20 ′ 43 " N , 131 ° 16 ′ 53" E |
|
| Mouth height | approx. 290 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 1010 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 1.5 ‰ | |
| length | 686 km | |
| Catchment area | 55,600 km² | |
| Drain |
MQ |
530 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Ytymja | |
| Right tributaries | Sutam , Altan-Tschaidach, Ningam, Algama | |
| Navigable | Lower course | |
 Location of the Gonam (Гонам) in the catchment area of the Aldan |
||
The Gonam ( Russian Гонам ; Yakut Гуонаам , Guonaam ; upper reaches also Monam ) is a 686 km long left tributary of the Uchur in Eastern Siberia ( Russia , Asia ).
course
The Gonam has its source at an altitude of about 1300 m on the 1620 m high Tiptur mountain on the main ridge of the Stanowoy Mountains . The source is located in the south of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) not far from the border with Amur Oblast , in which the city of Tynda is a good 80 km southwest on the Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM). In its upper reaches, the Gonam meanders through a wide valley north of the Stanowoi main ridge in an easterly to north-easterly direction. After several dozen kilometers, the valley narrows, and the Gonam flows through the Aldan highlands up to its mouth while maintaining the overall east-northeast direction in mostly wide arches . There are a number of rapids, especially on the lower middle reaches . The river is more than 300 meters wide and two meters deep near the mouth, and the flow velocity there is 1.6 m / s.
The most important tributaries are Sutam (length 351 km), Altan-Tschaidach, Ningam and Algama (426 km) from the right and the Ytymdscha (121 km, also Intimdi ) from the left. In the catchment area there are about 1,800 lakes, predominantly in the area of the headwaters of the Gonam River and its tributaries.
From the mouth of the Algama into the Gonam to the mouth of the Gonam into the Uchur it is only a good three kilometers; on this section the river marks the border between the Sakha Republic and the Khabarovsk region .
Hydrology
The catchment area of the Gonam covers 55,600 km².
The river freezes over from late October to mid-May.
Use and infrastructure
The lower reaches of the Gonam (below the rapids) are partially navigable, but are not considered an inland waterway.
The flowed through area is largely under the administration of the city of Neryungri , only in the lower reaches of the Ulus ( Rajon ) Aldan and is practically uninhabited. There are no villages on or near the river. The upper course is reached by a road that starts from the Nagorny settlement on the 50 km as the crow flies on the Amur-Yakut highway and the M56 highway that follows it and was used to explore and exploit gold deposits in this area. Otherwise there is no traffic infrastructure.
history
From Gonam, where he left some of his people behind, the Cossack Vasily Pojarkow crossed the Stanovoi Mountains in the winter of 1643/44 and was the first Russian to reach the Amur Basin .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Article Gonam in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ a b Gonam in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)
- ↑ Nikolai V. Latkin: Uchur . In: Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона - Enziklopeditscheski slowar Brokgausa i Jefrona . tape 35 [69]: Усинский пограничный округ – Фенол. Brockhaus-Efron, Saint Petersburg 1902, p. 123 (Russian, full text [ Wikisource ] PDF - tributaries of the Uchur).
- ↑ Gonam ( memento of April 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) in the Yakutia Geographical Manual (website of the Ministry of Nature Conservation of the Republic of Sakha [Yakutia]; Russian).
- ↑ Wassili Egorowitsch Rudakov: Wassili Pojarkow . In: Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона - Enziklopeditscheski slowar Brokgausa i Jefrona . tape 24 a [48]: Полярные сияния – Прая. Brockhaus-Efron, Saint Petersburg 1898, p. 844 (Russian, full text [ Wikisource ] PDF - the river is not mentioned there).