Gray sedge

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Gray sedge
Carex.curta.2.jpg

Gray sedge ( Carex canescens )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sourgrass family (Cyperaceae)
Genre : Sedges ( Carex )
Type : Gray sedge
Scientific name
Carex canescens
L.

The gray sedge ( Carex canescens ), also known as gray sedge , is a species of the sedge and the sour grass family (Cyperaceae).

description

Illustration from Flora Batava , Volume 15
Habit and inflorescences

Vegetative characteristics

The gray sedge is a perennial herbaceous plant , often forms fairly dense lawns and reaches heights of 20 to 60 centimeters. The upright stem is sharp triangular and rough in the upper part. It is leafed in the lower part. The leaves are flat, 2 to 4 millimeters wide and gray-green.

Generative characteristics

The 3 to 5 centimeters long spiked inflorescence usually consists of four to six (up to eleven) sitting spikelets . The lowest spikelet is usually somewhat separated, the others are close together. The elongated-elliptical spikelets with a length of about 5 millimeters and a width of 4 millimeters contain 7 to 18 flowers arranged fairly densely. The flowers at the base of the spikelet are male, the female flowers above. The yellow-green husks are broadly ovate with a length of 1.5 to 2 millimeters, a width of about 1 millimeter and a pointed upper end. The upright tubes are longer than the husks. They are narrowed into a very short beak and have noticeably darker colored nerves on both sides. There are two scars.

The fruits are yellow-brown.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 52, 54 or 56.

ecology

The flowering time of the gray sedge extends from May to June. The ripe fruits fall off quickly, usually in June, at the latest in July. The seeds germinate almost 100% within one month after sowing. The species does not form a seed bank.

Occurrence

The gray sedge is a circumpolar temperate to subarctic floral element . Their area extends from the temperate to sub-arctic zones of Eurasia from northern Spain and Ireland in the west to Kamchatka and northern Japan in the east; in Europe it occurs in the north to the North Cape , further to Iceland and Greenland ; in southern Europe it is largely absent, for example in the southern parts of Spain, in Italy and on the Balkan Peninsula ; scattered occurrences exist in northeast Anatolia, in the Caucasus region , in the central Asian mountains and in the western Himalayas ; in North America its range extends from Alaska to Labrador , and it also advances far south in the mountains (to California , Arizona , Ohio and Virginia ). It is also found in South America.

In Germany it occurs scattered to widespread, but is absent in some areas, e.g. B. in the Central European limestone regions.

The gray sedge thrives on wet, only moderately nutrient-rich, acidic swamp soils in flat and raised bogs, in peat cuttings, on wet sandy soil, on banks, also on wet meadows and in forest swamps. She avoids heavily shaded areas here. She is a Kennart of Caricetum fuscae (Caricion canescenti-fuscae). It rises in the Alps to altitudes of 2200 meters. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises at the Höferspitze in Vorarlberg up to 1950 m above sea level.

Systematics

The first publication of Carex canescens was made in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum . The specific epithet canescens means "becoming gray", "graying". An illustration from Flora Prussica by Johannes Loesel was chosen as the lectotype . This allowed the traditional conception of the name to be retained and the name Carex curta Good, which was at times under discussion . be discarded.

Synonyms for Carex canescens L . are: Carex curta Gooden. , Carex hylaea V. I. Krecz. , Carex cinerea Pollich , Vignea cinerea (Pollich) Dostál , Carex richardii Thuill. , Carex similis d'Urv. , Carex skottsbergii Gand. , Carex canescens var. Alpicola Wahlenb. , Carex canescens var. Curta Macloskie , Carex canescens var. Dubia L.H.Bailey , Carex canescens var. Fallax Kurtz , Carex canescens var. Robustior Blytt ex Andersson , Carex curta var. Robustior (KUek.) B.Boivin The homonym Carex canescens Leers is a synonym of Carex leersiana . The homonym Carex canescens Huds. is a synonym of Carex divulsa .

There are two subspecies:

  • Carex canescens subsp. canescens : Their range largely coincides with that of the species.
  • Carex canescens subsp. disjuncta (Fernald) Toivonen , common in eastern North America. It differs from the nominate clan by 30 to 90 cm growth height, 6 to 12 (to 15) cm long inflorescences with spikelets clearly spaced from each other

Another variety can also be distinguished:

  • Carex canescens var. Robustior Blytt ex Andersson : It occurs in southernmost South America and on the Falkland Islands .

swell

literature

  • Wolfram Schultze Motel: Cyperaceae. In: Wolfram Schultze-Motel (Hrsg.): Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . Founded by Gustav Hegi. 3rd, completely revised edition. Volume II. Part 1: Angiospermae: Monocotyledones 2 (Cyperaceae - Juncaceae) . Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1980, ISBN 3-489-54020-4 , pp. 145–147 (published in deliveries 1967–1980 delivery 2, 1968).
  • Arthur Oliver Chater : Carex. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones) . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1980, ISBN 0-521-20108-X , pp. 302 (English, limited preview in the Google book search - as Carex curta ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi, Arno Wörz (eds.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . tape 8 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclasses Commelinidae part 2, Arecidae, Liliidae part 2): Juncaceae to Orchidaceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3359-8 , pp. 148-150 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Carex canescens. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 14, 2016.
  3. ↑ a b c d Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. Volumes 1-5. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X , p. 264 .
  4. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching near Munich 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 .
  5. ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 2, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 974, digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fopenurl%3Fpid%3Dtitle%3A669%26volume%3D2%26issue%3D%26spage%3D974%26date%3D1753~GB%3D~ IA% 3D ~ MDZ% 3D% 0A ~ SZ% 3D ~ double-sided% 3D ~ LT% 3D ~ PUR% 3D
  6. ↑ Johannes Loesel: Flora Prussica, sive plantae in regno Prussiae sponte nascentes. Königsberg 1703, plate 32 .
  7. ↑ a b c Heikki Toivonen 1981: Notes on the nomenclature and taxonomy of Carex canescens (Cyperaceae). In: Annales Botanici Fennici. Volume 18, No. 2, 1981, pp. 91-97, JSTOR 23725765 .
  8. ^ Carex canescens at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  9. ↑ P. Jiménez-Mejías, Modesto Luceño: Cyperaceae,Carex canescens. In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011.
  10. ^ A b Peter W. Ball, AA Reznicek: Carex. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 23: Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Cyperaceae . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2002, ISBN 0-19-515207-7 , Carex canescens , p. 318 (English, online ).

Web links

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