Johannes Molanus (pedagogue)

Johannes vander Molen or Molanus , also Johann Molanus (* around 1510 in Nukerke (Neuenkirchen, Nieuwenkerken) near Oudenaarde in Flanders ; † July 16, 1583 in Bremen ) was a Flemish, then German pedagogue.

biography

Johannes Molanus had a brother named Pieter vander Molen. Molanus studies in Leuven . He turned away from Catholicism and was principal of the school in Diest (Diesthem) in Flanders from 1543 to 1553 . Here he was suspected of being a heretic and fled to Bremen.

He received support from some Flemish nobles and from the city of Bremen. Here he was a teacher at the reformed Latin school from 1553 to 1559 . His first wife, the sister of Cornelius de Soete, died of dropsy in 1559 .

He left Bremen because of "ubiquitic" (doctrine of the omnipresence of Jesus Christ) disputes, followed Gerhard Mercator to Duisburg , where he became the rector of the new academic high school . He brought some of his students with him from Bremen and taught the grammatical classes. Around 1560 he married Emerentia, the daughter of Mercator.

In 1563 he moved back to Bremen and was rector of the pedagogue and grammar school for 20 years until 1583 . In 1566 Molanus visited Duisburg and informed Johann Weyer , the critic of witch hunts, about the Bremen trial of the Gredje von Essen († 1565), which had a fatal outcome and her brother's suicide. His second wife Emerentia died in Emden in 1567 while traveling. Molanus married a third time in 1568; his widow survived him. In 1575 he mentioned a son John and a daughter Rachel "when he was almost seventy years old". His eldest daughter Rachel had married the pastor Eberhard Dedekind († 1595) from Bremen.

Johannes Molanus exchanged extensive letters with Gerhard Mercator and his son Bartholomaeus, Albert Hardenberg , Daniel von Büren , Detmar Kenckel , Erich Hoyer , Johann Esich , Giles van Beek (Aegidius Becius), Johann Weyer, Johannes Ewich , Jean Taffin , Petrus, among others Dathenus , Petrus Medmann , Georg Sylvanus, Caspar Olevian , Caspar Cruciger , Heinrich Moller , Franciscus Junius , Petrus Ramus , Herbert von Langen , Petrus Vulcanius (Pieter de Smet) or Philips van Marnix . One of the Bremen councilors and mayor from 1611 Johann Brand the Elder. J. (1563–1615) copied bundle with 346 letters is in the State and University Library Bremen .

swell

• Johannes Molanus estate , letter concepts with corrections; State and University Library Bremen (DE-611-BF-6821); printed from it:
  • Johann Philipp Cassel ( arrangement ): Johannis Molani Rectoris Scholae Bremensis Confessio de S. coena et Epistolae quaedam ad Albertvm Hardenbergivm, et alios scriptae . In: Bremensia. Historical news and documents from Bremen , Vol. II. Johann Heinrich Cramer, Bremen 1767, pp. 553–616 ( digitized version of the Bremen State and University Library).
  • Wilhelm Crecelius : De codice epistularum Johannis Molani, rectoris olim Duisburgensis. Festschrift Karl Eichhoff, Elberfeld 1870 ( Google Books )
  • François van Ortroy: Lettres de Jean Molanus (vander Molen) à Gérard et à Barthélemy Mercator . In: Bulletin de la Commission Royale d'Histoire 70 (1901), pp. 145–214 ( digitized in the Internet Archive), ( digitized by Persée )
  • Friedrich Ritter, Wilko de Boer: Letters from Rector Johannes Molanus to the Bremen Canon Herbert von Langen from the years 1560-1575 . In: Bremisches Jahrbuch. Series A 36 (1936), pp. 209–258 ( digitized version of the State and University Library Bremen)

Works

• Confessio de S. Coena (= Confession of the Holy Supper) . In: Johann Philipp Cassel ( arrangement ): Johannis Molani Rectoris Scholae Bremensis Confessio de S. coena et Epistolae quaedam ad Albertvm Hardenbergivm, et alios scriptae . In: Bremensia. Bremen historical news and documents , Vol. II. Johann Heinrich Cramer, Bremen 1767, pp. 556–563 ( digitized version of the Bremen State and University Library).
• Isaiae caput LIII. Acuendae Iuventutis causa paulò fusius explicatũ (= Isaiah chapter 53. The reason why the youth must be encouraged, explained in more detail), per Ioannem Molanum. In: Arnold Laurentius van Berchem: Piorum carminum liber . Martin Nutius Witwe, Antwerp 1560, pp. 58–61 ( digitized from the Bavarian State Library, Munich); ( Google.Books )

literature

• Heinrich Wilhelm Rotermund : Lexicon of all scholars who have lived in Bremen since the Reformation: along with news from bored Bremers who held positions of honor in other countries . Volumes 1–2, Schünemann, Bremen 1818, p. 48f.
• Jean van Raemdonck: Gérard Mercator. Sa vie et ses œuvres . E. Dalschaert-Praet, St. Nicolas 1869, pp. 14, 24, 39, 41, 81, 83-85, 95, 125f, 142-144, 150f, 201, 209, 221-223, 233-236, 241 , 276, 278, 280, 293, 298f, 301, 306, 309f, 320, 323, 328, 343, 348f and 370 ( Google Books ); ( Google Books )
• Bernhard Bunte : About Johannes Molanus . In: Yearbook of the Society for Fine Arts and Patriotic Antiquities in Emden 9/2 (1891), pp. 12–46 ( digitized version of the East Frisian landscape)
• Heinrich Averdunk : History of the city of Duisburg up to the final union with the Hohenzollern house (1666) . Ewich, Duisburg 1894, esp. Pp. 662–699 ( digitized version of the University and State Library Düsseldorf)
• Otto Veeck : Johann Molanus, 1510–1583, Rector of the Latin School in Bremen, a Reformed theologian . In: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte 34 (1913), pp. 514-538
• Jürgen Moltmann : Johannes Molanus (1510–1583) and the transition from Bremen to Calvinism . In: Jahrbuch der Wittheit zu Bremen 1 (1957), pp. 119–141
• Thomas Elsmann: Albert Rizäus Hardenberg and Johannes Molanus in Bremen. Two humanists in the confessional age. In: Fokke Akkerman, Gerda C. Huisman, Arie Johan Vanderjagt (eds.): Wessel Gansfort (1419-1489) and Northern Humanism . Brill, Leiden 1993, pp. 195-209
• Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . Edition Temmen , Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ See letter from Johannes Molanus to Petrus de Smet, the procurator of the Great Council of Mechelen ; François van Ortroy: Lettres de Jean Molanus (vander Molen) à Gérard et à Barthélemy Mercator . In: Bulletin de la Commission Royale d'Histoire 70 (1901), pp. 145-214, especially p. 148.
2. ^ See letter from Johannes Molanus from Bremen to Gerhard Mercator of May 20, 1567; François van Ortroy: Lettres de Jean Molanus (vander Molen) à Gérard et à Barthélemy Mercator . In: Bulletin de la Commission Royale d'Histoire 70 (1901), pp. 190-196, especially p. 193.
3. ↑ Cf. Friedrich Ritter, Wilko de Boer: Letters from Rector Johannes Molanus to the Bremen Canon Herbert von Langen from the years 1560-1575 . In: Bremisches Jahrbuch. Series A 36 (1936), pp. 209–258, esp. P. 235 note 9.
4. ↑ See Walter Ghim: Vita celeberrimi clarissimiq [ue] viri Gerardi Mercatoris Rupelmundani , à Domino Gualtero Ghymmio, Patricio Teutoburgensi, ac eiusdem oppidi antiquißimi Praetore dignißimo, conscripta. In: Gerardi Mercatoris Atlas sive Cosmographicae Meditationes de Fabrica Mundi et fabricati figura . Busius, Düsseldorf 1595 ( digitized version of the University and State Library Düsseldorf).
5. ↑ ^{a b} Cf. Friedrich Ritter, Wilko de Boer: Letters from Rector Johannes Molanus to the Bremen Canon Herbert von Langen from the years 1560-1575 . In: Bremisches Jahrbuch. Series A 36 (1936), pp. 209–258, esp. Pp. 226, 228f and 252 note 7 and note 9.
6. ^ Letter from Johann Molanus to "Johannes Wierus" dated September 10, 1566 from Duisburg; Johann Philipp Cassel ( arrangement ): Johannis Molani Rectoris Scholae Bremensis Confessio de S. coena et Epistolae quaedam ad Albertvm Hardenbergivm, et alios scriptae . In: Bremensia. Bremen historical news and documents , Vol. II. Johann Heinrich Cramer, Bremen 1767, pp. 581-584 ( digitized version of the Bremen State and University Library).
7. ↑ See Wilko de Boer: A Bremen witch from 1565 . In: Bremisches Jahrbuch. Series A 33 (1931), pp. 368–375, with the uncensored version of the letter ( digitized version from the Bremen State and University Library).
8. ↑ ^{a b} Cf. Cornelius van der Woude: Sibrandus Lubbertus , leven en works . J. H. Kok, Kampen 1963, p. 527.
9. ↑ See letter from Johannes Molanus from Bremen to Gerhard Mercator of February 8, 1575; François van Ortroy: Lettres de Jean Molanus (vander Molen) à Gérard et à Barthélemy Mercator . In: Bulletin de la Commission Royale d'Histoire 70 (1901), pp. 207-209, especially pp. 207f.