Johann Weyer

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Engraving by Pieter Holsteyn (1660)

Johann Weyer or Johannes Weyer (also: Weier, Weiher, Wier, Wijr ; Latinized Johannes Wierus ; also called Piscinarius ; born shortly before February 29, 1516 , after February 24, 1515 , in Grave on the Maas in Noord-Brabant ; died on February 24 or February 29, 1588 in Tecklenburg ) was a Dutch - Lower Rhine doctor and one of the first fighters against witch hunts .

Life

Coat of arms of the Weyer family, 1593

origin

According to the grave inscription placed by his sons, Johannes Weyer came from a noble family that originally came from " Zelandia inundata (= flooded Zeeland) ". Zeeland was flooded by the Cosmas Flood in 1509, the St. Felix Flood in 1530 or the All Saints Flood in 1532 and suffered heavy land losses. When Noord-Beveland was flooded, the town of Wieringerland sank there.

Johannes Weyer's parents are the merchant Theodor (Dirk) Wier (Wierus) and his wife Agnes Rhordam (both † before 1566). However, the grave slab of his son Dietrich († 1604) names the coats of arms of the four grandparents with the names "Weier, Wintgen, Bocksmer" and "Denholt" in inscriptions, so that the name of the grandmother was "Agnes Boxmeer " or "Agnes ten Holt" and Theodor Wier entered into another marriage.

Johann Weyer's siblings were Arnt (Arnold) Wyer († after 1577) in Moers, master chef (not "cook") of Count Hermann von Neuenahr (1520–1578), the businessman and mystic Mathijs Wier (* 1520/21; † 1560) in Wesel and Anna Wier (* before 1540, † after 1582), the second wife of Karl von Utenhove the Elder. Ä. (* around 1500; † 1580), of the Lord of Merckeghem , whom he had married before 1562. Dietrich, Johann Weyer's son, referred to the "Her von Merckhem" as his "Ohem" in 1573 . In 1574 land was transferred to “Anna Wyer, Frau des Herr von Merkegem” in the court of Kellen , and in 1582 a farm in Waldniel was pledged to “Anna Wijer, Widow van Merchgem”. Mathijs Wier wrote several literary letters to his brother, the "lieue Johan", or "aen zijn Broeder D. Jan W.", and to his sister "A ...".

education and study

The assumption made in older literature that Johannes Weyer attended the Latin schools in Herzogenbusch ( Buscoducis ) and Löwen ( Lovanium ) is based on the misunderstanding that the expression Magister noster in Weyer's note about an exchange of letters in 1574 means “ our ” Magister (teacher ) . “Magister noster” (M. N.) was a common academic term for a “doctor of theology”, the use of which did not require a personal teacher-student relationship.

In Bonn , Weyer came under the influence of Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim , who stayed there from 1532 to 1535 with Archbishop Hermann V von Wied , and lived in his household. His Preceptor Agrippa had a handwriting of the " Magic Book " Steganographia (1499/1500) of Johannes Trithemius - first printed in 1606 - from which Weyer secretly made extracts. It is controversial whether Weyer completed his medical studies in Paris (1535) and Orléans (1537) with a doctorate . The title of Dr. med. could be unhistorical. However, his son Dietrich received his doctorate in Pisa in 1564 as the son of "Joannis doctor" . In Orléans Johann Piscinarius (Weyer) was the preceptor of the sons Noël († 1551) and Jean († 1558) of Noël de Ramard (Natalis Ramardus) (1480–1550), Seigneur d'Algouse, personal physician to the French king, and his grandson Jean Vernet (Johannes Vernetus). He then moved to Paris for a short time with his students, where he met with Gérard le Febvre (Fabro) from Cahors ( Cadurcano ), Vital Besumbé, Johannes Sleidanus , Johannes Sturm , a certain Joachim from Provence and Michael Servetus (who lived there under the code name Michael Villanovanus lived). 1538 enrolled a " Ioannes Vuiers nobilis (= of nobility) " in Marburg, where the anatomist Johann Dryander taught; perhaps this was the final stage of his academic training.

The opinion sometimes expressed in the literature that Johann Weyer was in Africa (Tunis, Fès) and Crete after studying, is due to the fact that the “I” in longer quotations from Johannes Leo Africanus and Alessandro Benedetti (* around 1450; † 1512) was misunderstood in Weyer's writings.

City doctor in Arnhem

Weyer began his professional career as a doctor around 1540 in the vicinity of his native Grave - his eldest son Dietrich was born there around 1540/42 - perhaps in the Klevian town of Ravenstein . In 1545 he became a town doctor in the Geldern capital of Arnhem in the service of Emperor Charles V. There he witnessed a trial against the fortune teller Jacobus Jodoci de Rosa from Kortrijk ( Cortricensis ) in 1548 . The Geldrische Chancellor Adrian Marius Everard († 1568), who was highly valued by Weyer, had his aids (black artist books for curing diseases, finger ring with locked "evil spirit" as the "Teuffels fool's house") destroyed, but instead of killing the "Teuffelskremer" banish against original feuds from town and country.

Personal physician to the Duke of Jülich-Kleve-Berg

In 1550 the humanist Konrad Heresbach brought Weyer to the court of Duke Wilhelm the Rich of Jülich-Kleve-Berg , whose personal physician he became. The Klevische Hofmedicus "Joannes Piscinarius" ( pond ) treated Irmgard von Sayn († 1551), the widow of Count Wirich V. von Daun-Falkenstein , who suffered from an illness that caused conspicuous sputum , in Broich Castle in 1551 shortly before her death . At the request of his duke, Weyer traveled in 1558 to the terminally ill Archbishop of Cologne, Anton von Schaumburg, in Godesberg , was present when he died and took part in the autopsy. In 1559, Reiner Solenander was appointed to his side as personal physician .

Weyer treated the approximately 70-year-old Rolman vanden Bylant (* around 1490/95; † 1566), Drost of the Ravenstein lordship , five years before his death from gangrene on his arm; the latter died last of a " cold fire ". In January 1565, Weyer healed Rutger van Randwijck (1511–1583), Mayor of Gennep , from a life-threatening fever. When almost all the nuns in Cologne's Cellitinnenkloster Klein-Nazareth suffered from violent attacks of hysterics in 1564/65 , Johann Weyer headed an investigation committee that inspected the monastery on May 25, 1565. The commission included Mayor Constantin von Lyskirchen (1500–1581), the former dean of Kleve Johann Vos († after 1565) von Altena ( Altenanus ) and other doctors, Johann's son Heinrich Weyer and Johann Bachoven van Echt (1515–1576). Weyer suspected that since young men had sneaked into the monastery earlier, that their exclusion had caused the delusions.

Johannes Oporinus (1507–1568) sent in 1565 the so-called "insulting letter" to Weyer and Solenander, in which he complained about his former teacher Paracelsus († 1541). The letter was in connection with a dispute between the doctors Solenander, Weyer, Bachoven van Echt and Bernhard Dessennius Cronenberg (1509–1574) in Cologne with the Paracelsist Georg Fedro (Phaedro) (* around 1530; † after 1577) from Rodach ( Rodocherus ) led.

In 1566 Johann Weyer granted Duke Wilhelm V of Jülich-Kleve-Berg a loan of 400 thalers and received a pension from the slopes of Schlüterei Kleve, which his great-grandson Johann Barthold (Bartholomäus) von Weyer († 1708) to the Reformed Church in 1662 resigned in the Duchy of Jülich-Kleve-Berg. In 1567 Weyer stood up for Charles de Brimeu , the governor of Geldern, for his "nephew" Arndt von Bellinghoven from Venlo , who, in his opinion, had been arrested by Captain Broickhuysen for no reason. 1568 tried the neighboring Spanish Netherlands under Duke Alba , who therefore sent Johann Baptist von Taxis to Düsseldorf, unsuccessfully to have Johann Weyer removed from court service, as he was considered a partisan of the " Geusen ".

Trip to Koenigsberg

Weyer and Solenander took part in 1573 on the bridal trip of Princess Marie Eleonore von Jülich-Kleve-Berg to her wedding with Duke Albrecht Friedrich in Prussia to Königsberg . There Weyer made friends with the professor of medicine at the University of Königsberg Matthias Stoius . During the trip he also met the doctors Jakob Schadius (1529–1588) in Stettin, Severin Göbel in Königsberg, Bartholomäus Calckreuter (around 1525; † 1573/82) in Elbing , Caspar Hoffmann (1529–1584), Johann von Knobloch and Wolfgang Justus (1521–1575) in Frankfurt an der Oder , Levinus Battus , Heinrich Brucaeus and Peter Memmius in Rostock, the theologians Lucas Bacmeister and Nathan Chyträus as well as the lawyer Johannes Borcholten in Rostock and Superintendent Wolfgang Peristerus in Wismar.

Exposure of a false fasting woman

On the trip to Königsberg, Weyer was approached by various colleagues about the case of Barbara Kremers (* around 1563; † after 1583), daughter of Hermann († around 1565/70) and Anna Kremer († after 1574), who allegedly had been Months, should not have consumed any food or drink or had a bowel movement. Her story had been spread in German and Latin flyers and pamphlets, and the family earned good income from marketing the supposed child prodigy. On his return journey in December 1573, Johannes Weyer stopped in Unna in the Klevian county of Mark , where ten-year-old Barbara and her two-year-old sister Elsa (* around 1561/62) lived with their mother and stepfather Everhard Leidecker († after 1574) . He had his daughter and mother come to him, questioned them and assessed the case with skepticism.

When the family tried in April 1574 at the ducal court for a certificate of confirmation for the “miracle”, Weyer managed to have Barbara Kremers and her sister transferred to him for observation for three weeks. At that time he was running a household in Kleve . Weyer's wife Henrica and the staff watched the girl secretly eating and relieving herself in the garden. She eventually confessed to the fraud in which her mother and sister helped her that the stepfather allegedly knew nothing. Elsa Kremers reported beating her parents when the deception threatened to be exposed. Johann Weyer obtained lenient treatment from the family with Duke Wilhelm V, who then claimed that the girl had been cured by the famous doctor.

In the spring of 1574, when the Kremers daughters lived with him, Johann Weyer also treated the sick Countess Anna Walburga von Neuenahr . In the summer of 1576, Johann Weyer and his family fled from the plague to the Klevian secondary residence in Dinslaken , to which the court had also moved. In 1578 Weyer left the position of court doctor, his son Galenus followed him. "Johann Wyers" was also still in 1579 as "Fürstl. Klevischer Artzt ”when he acquired a Kamp (field) land in Donsbrüggen from Wilhelm Bachmann.

Last years

Johann Weyer was in lively correspondence with Wilhelm IV von dem Bergh-'s-Heerenberg (1537–1586), regularly provided him with political information and assessments and gave his wife Maria von Nassau (1539–1599) medical advice. In 1582/83 Wilhelm IV ensured that Weyer was compensated by soldiers for looting his estates in Spijck and Schockenwert near Emmerich on the Rhine .

In October 1586, Weyer, who had just become ill himself, was urgently asked by his "nephew", the "ontvanger en licentmeester" (tax and customs collector) Gisbert Everwijn († 1623) to Arnhem to help the fatally injured Sir Philip Sidney (1554 –1586) to help; the Geldrische Chancellor Elbertus Leoninus (Albert le Lion) (1520–1598) used himself for him, Weyer would be provided with a warship at Klever Schanze or Martin Schenk von Nideggen would provide escort on horseback. Sidney himself wrote for help, but died the next day.

Johann Weyer died on a visiting trip that took him to the count's family in Tecklenburg , where he was buried in the castle church. As early as 1577 he had dedicated his edition of De lamiis to the young Count Arnold II von Bentheim-Tecklenburg (1554-1606) , who had married Magdalena von Neuenahr-Alpen , a ward of Hermann von Neuenahr, in Wesel in 1573 .

Whether Weyer remained a Catholic or became a Protestant is controversial in research. As early as 1566, he and his first wife were considered to be "the religion haluen (=" halber ") een weynich suspect" in Catholic Arnhem. Although Weyer had the first edition of De praestigiis daemonum , a work that critically explores the belief in witches, published in the reformed Basel, he complained that the witch hunt was also continued in Protestant areas. Until his death, he was drawn to the religiously tolerant intellectual climate at the old-faith Düsseldorf court, which was based on Erasmus of Rotterdam and influenced him significantly. After retiring from court service, Johann Weyer praised Countess Anna von Tecklenburg (1532–1582) in the preface to the German edition of his Artzney book of several previously unknown and undescribed illnesses , because she was "the reyne doctrine of the holy gospel and true worship" and follow in the footsteps of their father Konrad (1501–1557), "who only accepted God's word and reformed his holy sacraments in those lands and lost a number of noticeable pieces and land, godly and gloriously followed up".

Weyer's main work against the persecution of witches

Johannes Weyer at the age of 60; contemporary woodcut from 1576

Weyer wrote several medical writings that appeared in print, but is particularly important because of his demonology De praestigiis daemonum (From the dazzling works of demons), which was first printed in 1563 . Weyer sent a manuscript of the work to Andreas Masius before publication , who reacted very critically. The script became the basic work for all opponents of the witch trials by systematizing previously learned arguments against the persecutions. Weyer, who turned against the Hexenhammer , saw in the alleged witches the devil misguided insane or feeble-minded women who had fallen into melancholy and required medical treatment rather than punishment. Johann Weyer was legally influenced by Andrea Alciato (1492–1550) and the humanistic law school at the University of Bourges .

Effects

Immediately after the publication of Weyer's book, Duke Wilhelm V von Jülich-Kleve-Berg (1516–1592), as his personal physician Weyer, rejected Elector Friedrich III. von der Pfalz (1515–1576), Count Hermann von Neuenahr and Moers (1520–1578) and Count Wilhelm IV. von Bergh-s'Heerenberg (1537–1586) from further torture and the use of the death penalty ; Count Adolf von Nassau (1540–1568) also represented Weyer's opinion. Christoph Prob († 1579), the Chancellor of Frederick III. von der Pfalz, Weyer's view defended in 1563 at the Rhenish Electoral Congress in Bingen . However, the persecution of witches in these territories was initially not stopped permanently, but flickered again later.

Anthony Hovaeus († 1568) Haecmundanus , Abbot of Echternach , later Leyden Professor Karel de Haan (Carolus Gallus) (1530 to 1616), Caspar Borcholt , Theodor Zwinger or Johannes Ewich written after the book affirmative letters to Weyer. The Dutch doctor Boudewijn Ronsse (Baudouin van Ronss; Balduin Ronsseus) (* around 1525, † 1597) told Weyer that he fully agreed to De praestigiis daemonum . Daniël Brouchusius (van Broekhuizen), the town doctor of Gorinchem , had drawn his attention to the book. Ronsse, however, revoked his consent after he became the personal physician of Duke Erich II "the Younger" of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and had participated in a witch trial in Neustadt am Rübenberge .

De praestigiis daemonum experienced numerous editions (and translations), was placed on the index of forbidden books and, for example, opposed by the witch theorists Jean Bodin and Martin Anton Delrio . Weyer was also attacked by various other contemporary authors such as Leo Suavius ​​(= Jacques Gohory ) or Pavao Skalić (Paul Schalich; Scaliger). Thomas Erastus (1524–1583) published a counter-writ in 1578.

Correspondence with Johannes Brenz

In 1565 Weyer exchanged letters with Johannes Brenz (1499–1570), in which he referred to Brenz '1557 published "Hagelpredigt" from 1539. Although Brenz also denied the witches actual magical abilities, he thought their punishment was justified because of the devil's pact. In the key passage of the Old Testament quoted by Brenz, “ The sorceress under you shouldn't let live ” ( Ex 22.17  LUT ), Weyer understands the Hebrew expression fem. Sg. מכשפה mechaššēfā based on the example of the Greek Septuagint translation ( masc. Pl. Φαρμακοί pharmakoí ) as " venefici , poisoner". Only those poisoners who actually cause harm are subject to the death penalty. For his interpretation, Weyer relied on the “born Hebrew” Flavius ​​Josephus . While this interpretation of Ex 22.17 was heavily criticized by Weyer's opponents such as Jean Bodin or Peter Binsfeld , Reginald Scot defended it emphatically.

Further reception

Johannes Molanus , who had been rector of the Academic Gymnasium in Duisburg until 1563 , informed Weyer in 1566 when he asked about the witch trial of the Gredje von Essen († 1565) in Bremen , which had a fatal outcome and her brother's suicide.

Weyer's book had a great influence on the demonological treatise Der Teufel selbs by Jodokus Hocker († 1566), which was published posthumously in 1568 by Hermann Hamelmann and in 1569 was included by Sigmund Feyerabend in his influential “ devil's books ” collection Theatrum diabolorum . Stool, often referring to Weyer, doubted the actual effectiveness of magical action.

Johann Weyer commented positively on the medical abilities of Professor Jan van Heurne from Leiden , friend and doctor of Justus Lipsius , who provided an expert opinion in 1583 that the water sample was no longer used in witch trials in Holland.

Weyer's moderating influence on the intensity of persecution is indisputable, although he may have overestimated it in the introduction to De lamiis' short version (1577). He thanked God

“ That he had my pen write arguments, the publication of which in very many places made the rage to wade in the blood of innocent people smoke up and prevented the wild cruelty and tyranny in the mangling of people, which is the smelly burnt offering to him. For, as I see, the reward of my book on the dazzling works of demons is such that certain high authorities not only treat the wretched old women, whom the judgment of the mob uses the hateful name of witches, more leniently, but even absolve them from the death penalty ".

Medical writings

Johann Weyer dealt with, among other things, the diagnosis and treatment of scurvy ( scurvy, scurvy ), malar fever (quartan fever; malaria ), pneumonia , trichinosis ("running varices"), syphilis (French disease ), influenza , so-called English sweat , dropsy ( Hydrops ), epidemic red rash or small bowel colic . He dealt in particular with various epidemics that raged in the Lower Rhine and in the Netherlands from 1562 to the beginning of 1564. The plague occurred in the Netherlands in 1563 and spread south along the Rhine. At the turn of the year 1563/64 Weyer observed an often fatal, contagious sore throat . After a plague epidemic subsided at the end of 1564 at the same time as an unusual cold snap in the winter of 1564/65, he described an unusual lung disease in January 1565, which he called pleurisy pestilence and which similarly occurred in Switzerland in 1564/65. Weyer considered the epidemic to be a phenomenon comparable to the Black Death of 1348 and made suggestions for its treatment. He rejected blood-letting and the usual treatment with sweet medicines and prescribed sour and bitter drugs.

News about Faust

In his work De praestigiis daemonum , Weyer gave three episodes from the life of the magician Johann Faust († around 1541) in 1563 . He is thus an important source for the figure of the historical Faust, who, according to Weyer, comes from the town of Kundling (Kündtlingen = Knittlingen ). Weyer reports episodes from Krakow , Batenburg an der Maas and Goslar . Faust died in a Württemberg village ( "in pago ducatus Vuirtenbergici" ). De praestigiis daemonum contains further notes by unnamed magicians that can be related to Faust or were later transferred to his figure.

Watercolor drawing of the pied piper after a no longer preserved glass window of the market church in Hameln (travel chronicle of Augustin von Mörsberg and Belfort , 1592)

The rat catcher from Hameln

Johann Weyer was one of the first authors to report the story of the "Pfeiffer" of Hameln , "Bundting called", which he dates to the year 1284. He had "seen a glass window with a representation of the whistler in Hameln with his own eyes", the event was documented in city documents and church registers. Weyer had stayed in the city on his trip to Königsberg in August and December 1573.

Honors

Wierturm
Memorial plaque at the University Hospital Düsseldorf

In Tecklenburg not only a memorial plaque on the church reminds of the fighter against the witch craze, but also the observation tower ("Wierturm") built on the Schlossberg in Tecklenburg in 1884.

A commemorative plaque from the Society of German Natural Scientists and Doctors from 1926 (unveiled in Düsseldorf in the Doctors ' House , Jacobistraße 7), which has been at the main entrance of the Düsseldorf University Hospital (Moorenstraße) since 1975 , also commemorates Johann Weyer . The "Johannes-Weyer-Straße" named after him is also nearby. In Kleve the “Weyerstege” is named after him. In Jülich there is a “Dr.-Weyer-Straße”, in Grave there is a “Dr. Wierstraat ”, in Zeist- Den Dolder a“ Johannes Wierlaan ”, in Haarlem and Barendrecht a“ Johannes Wierstraat ”.

Weyer's name bears the "Johannes Wier Stichting", a humanitarian medical association in the Netherlands.

In 1960 the Dutch Post PTT issued a 30 cents stamp with a portrait of Johannes Wier to commemorate his commitment to the “Geestelijke Volksgezondheid”.

The North Rhine Medical Association awards the Johannes Weyer Medal to its members for special services .

coat of arms

Blasonierung : An oblique cross quartered blue shield, accompanied top and bottom by two heraldisch to right looking silver eagles (or speaking " orders ") and rising in the side panels of two, located facing silver winning Aalen or more queues ( Aesculapian snakes as a doctor symbol ?).

family

Around 1540 Johann Weyer married his first wife Judith Wintgens († 1572). The couple had five children:

  1. Dietrich von Weyer (* around 1540 / 42–1604), lawyer, electoral councilor and agent of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces .
  2. Heinrich Weyer (around 1545–1591), personal physician of the Trier Elector Jakob III. von Eltz (1510–1581) and Johann von Schönenberg (1525–1599). His daughter Katharina († 1598), tomb in the Peterskirche Heidelberg, married the Heidelberg lawyer Marquard Freher (1565-1614) in 1593 ,
  3. Galenus Weyer (1547–1619), personal physician to Dukes Wilhelm V (1516–1592) and Johann Wilhelm von Jülich-Kleve-Berg (1562–1609) as well as Trier Elector Lothar von Metternich (1551–1623).
  4. Johannes Weyer (* around 1555–1610), matriculated in 1573 (" Joannes Wierus Clivensis ") and 1574 (" Joannes Weierus " at the legal faculty under Dean Hugo Donellus ) in Heidelberg, studied in Italy, 1580 in Siena, lawyer, court judge in Heidelberg, 1582 together with Georg Gustav von Pfalz-Veldenz (1564–1634) in England, 1591 maintenance administrator in Cham (" Johann v. Weyer "), 1593 to 1601 "on Döltsch and Haimerls ( Hammerles )" district judge and office castner ( Pfleger) in Neunburg vorm Wald in the Kur- Oberpfalz , margravial councilor of Brandenburg-Ansbach in 1605 , correspondence with Wilhelm Fabry (1560–1634), married since around 1591/93 to Anna Mendel von Gmünd , widow of Samson Mend (e) l von Steinfels († around 1589),
  5. Sophia Weyer.

In his second marriage Johann Weyer was childless with Henriette Holt (Henrica Holtia), she was mentioned as his wife since the spring of 1574.

The humanistic poet Karl von Utenhove (1536–1600), who was related to the Weyer family through his stepmother Anna Wier ( "sanguinis affinis" ), characterized Johannes d. Ä., Dietrich, Heinrich, Galenus and Johannes d. J. Weyer in 1586 in a letter to the Basel medical student Hermannus Haghius.

Writings and editions of works

  • De praestigiis daemonum, et incantationibus, ac veneficiis, libri V . Johannes Oporinus, Basel 1563 , Basel 1564, Basel 1566 , Basel 1568 , Basel 1577 , Basel 1583 (Latin editions).
    • German translation: Of delusions, delusions, and much else too, and some pains of the devil and his whole army . First by ... D. Johan [n] Wier ... in Latin tongues ... made ... by Johannem Füglinum Basiliensem ... brought into Teutsche sprach ... s. n. [Oporinus], Basel 1565 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library, Munich)
      • De Praestigiis. First described in Latin by D. Johan Weier, repainted in German by Johanne Füglino, and now again overlooked after the last Latin original in the 66th year, noticeably improved in many places, and increased with a useful register (2 volumes), 2. Ed., Frankfurt am Main 1575. Volume 1 : " From the Teuffeln, Zaubrern, Schwartzkünstler, weighting Teuffels, witches or fiends and prisoners ". Volume 2 : From the bewitched, defiled and blinded, how to guess them, item how to tighten the wizards and poulters, how to deal with the witches or fiends .
      • De praestigiis daemonum, Of the devil's ghost, wizards and Gifftbereytern, black artists, witches and fiends, about it irer Straff, also by the bewitched and how to help them: orderly. u. actually with particular diligence divided into books, thoroughly and properly in them. demonstrated what is disputed about such at any time and been held; sampt to end tackled newem u. perfect reg./erstl. described in Latin by D. Johannem Weier. Later translated into German by Johanne Fuglino [Johann Füglin], but now after d. last Latin. outgoing orig. auffs neuw foreseen u. with many healing benefits Pieces, also special. highly serviceable new additions, so in Latin. not read, as found in the following sheet, so d. Bodinus cannot refute with good reason, certainly increased and improved. 3. Edition. Nicolaus Basseus, Frankfurt am Main 1586 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich), ( Google Books ). Unchanged reprint. Bläschke, Darmstadt 1969, 575 pp.
    • French translation by Jaques Grévin: Cinq livres de l'imposture et tromperie des diables, des enchantements et sorcelleries , Paris 1567 , Paris 1569
      • again in the collection Histoires, disputes et discours, des illusions et impostures des diables, des magiciens infames, sorcieres et empoisonneurs [Geneva] 1579
      • New edition of this collection in two volumes Paris 1885: Volume 1 , Volume 2 .
    • Short version: De lamiis , Basel 1577 , Basel 1582 (Latin editions).
  • Medicarum observationum rararum Liber I , Latin edition Basel 1567 , Amsterdam 1657 .
    • German translation: Artzney book: Of a number of previously unknown and undescribed diseases , Frankfurt am Main 1583 .
    • De scorbuto tractatus (1567). In: Daniel Sennert (Ed.): De scorbuto tractatus . Acc. ejusdem argumenti tractatus et epistolae Balduini Ronssei, Johannis Echthii, Johannis Wieri, Johannis Langii, Salomonis Alberti, Matthaei Martini. Zacharias Schurer, Wittenberg 1624, pp. 311–342 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library, Munich)
  • Opera omnia . Editio nova & hactenus desiderata (also contains Melchior Adam: Vita Ioannis Wieri (1620) and Martin Schoock : Judicium de libris Joannis Wieri ). Pieter van den Berge, Amsterdam 1660 ( Google-Books )

See also

literature

  • Melchior Adam: Ioannes VViervs . In: Vitae Germanorum medicorum. Jonas Rosen, Frankfurt am Main; Georgius Geyder, Heidelberg 1620, pp. 186–188 ( digitized version of the University of Mannheim)
  • Jacobus Augustus Thuanus : Historiarum sui temporis continuatio. LVIII Libris nunc primum in lucem prodeuntibus comprehensa , vol. IV. Pierre de la Rouière, Geneva 1620, p. 265 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich)
    • Historiarum sui temporis continuatio , Vol. III. From ACN MDLXXXV. Usque Ad Annum MDCVII . Egenolff Emmel, Peter Kopf, Frankfurt am Main 1621, Lib.LXXXIX, p. 174 ( digitized version of the Berlin State Library)
    • (shortened German translation) Historical description of their most famous, spiritual and secular stories, as both inside and outside the Roman Empire ... happened , Vol. II, 2. Egenolff Emmel, Peter Kopf, Frankfurt am Main 1622, p. 742 ( digitized version from the Bavarian State Library in Munich)
  • Paul Freher: Theatrum virorum eruditione clarorum . Vol. II. Johannes Hofmann, Nuremberg 1688, p. 1263 ( Google Books )
  • Heinrich Eschbach: Dr. med. Johannes Wier, the personal physician of Duke Wilhelm III. from Cleve-Jülich-Berg . In: Contributions to the history of the Lower Rhine 1 (1886), pp. 57–174 ( WIKI source ; complete version can be downloaded)
  • Vinzenz Jakob von Zuccalmaglio : Johann Wier and his monument . Lucas, Elberfeld 1869
  • Carl Binz : Doctor Johann Weyer, a Rhenish doctor, the first fighter against the witch craze. A contribution to the German cultural history of the 16th century. In: Journal of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein , 21, 1885, pp. 1–171 ( OpenSource )
    • 2nd edition. Doctor Johann Weyer, a Rhenish doctor, the first fighter against the witch craze. A contribution to the history of the Enlightenment and medicine. Hirschwald, 2nd edition, Berlin 1896 (reprints Sendet, Wiesbaden 1969 and Arno Press, New York 1975) ( OpenSource )
  • Carl Binz: Wier or Weyer? Retrospective about the first fighter of the witch craze in Germany . In: Contributions to the history of the Lower Rhine 2 (1887), pp. 48–58 ( WIKI source ; complete version can be downloaded)
  • Carl Binz: Doctor Johann Weyer (1515–1588). A gleaning. In: Journal of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein , 24, 1888, pp. 99-134 ( OpenSource )
  • Carl Binz:  Weyer, Johann . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 42, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1897, pp. 266-270.
  • Manfred Hammes: Witch mania and witch trials. S. Fischer, Frankfurt 1977
  • Thomas Meyer:  Weyer (Weier, Wier, Wierus, Piscinarius), Johannes. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 20, Bautz, Nordhausen 2002, ISBN 3-88309-091-3 , Sp. 1537-1544.
  • HC Erik Midelfort : Johann Weyer in medical, theological and legal history , In: Hartmut Lehmann, Otto Ulbricht (ed.): From the nonsense of the witch trial. Opponents of the witch hunt from Johann Weyer to Friedrich Spee (Wolfenbütteler Forschungen 55), Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1992, pp. 53-64
  • Vera Hoorens: Een ketterse arts voor de heksen: Jan Wier (1515–1588) , Bert Bakker, Amsterdam 2011 (in Dutch)
  • Rudolf van Nahl: Witch-faith and witch-madness in the area of ​​the Rhine and Maas. Late medieval popular belief in the work of Johan Weyer (1515–1588). Röhrscheid, Bonn 1983
  • Kurt Juhn: The witch hammer: the medieval history of the torture of the medicus Johann Weyer. 8 orig. Lithograph v. Erich Godal . Flesch, Prague 1934
  • Gary K. Waite: Radical Religion and the Medical Profession. The Spiritualist David Joris and the Brothers Weyer (Wier) . In: Hans-Jürgen Goertz, James M. Stayer (Ed.): Radikalität und Dissent im 16. Jahrhundert / Radicalism and dissent in the sixteenth century . (Journal for Historical Research. Supplement 27). Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2002, pp. 167–185 ( Google Books ; limited preview), ( digitized from Acadamia)
  • Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Weyer [Weiher, Wier], Johann. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1483
  • Waltraud Pulz: Sober calculation - consuming passion. Food abstinence in the 16th century . Böhlau, Cologne 2007, pp. 65–83 ( Google Books ; limited preview)
  • Karl AE Enenkel : Neo-Stoicism as an Antidote to Public Violence before Lipsius's De constantia: Johann Weyer's (Wier's) Anger Therapy, De ira morbo (1577) . In: Karl A. E. Enenkel, Anita Traninger (Ed.): Discourses of Anger in the Early Modern Period . Brill, Leiden 2015, pp. 49–96 ( Google Books ; limited preview)
  • Lotte Kosthorst: Scholarly Physicians on the Lower Rhine. The Italian studies of doctors at the court of Wilhelm V. von Jülich-Kleve-Berg (1539–1592) . In: Kaspar Gubler, Rainer Christoph Schwinges (Hrsg.): Learned lifeworlds in the 15th and 16th centuries . (Repertory Academicum Germanicum. Research 2), Hochschulverlag, Zurich 2018, pp. 129–156 ( digitized from Academia.edu)

Web links

Commons : Johannes Wier  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Latinized form Piscinarius literally means "fish breeder" and goes back to piscina "Fischteich, Weiher", from which it can be concluded that spellings such as " Wier " etc. Ä. on the Lower Rhine and elsewhere were converted to [ ˈvaɪ.ər ] and not pronounced as [ vɪːr ].
  2. ↑ a b After Jacobus Augustus Thuanus: Historiarum sui temporis continuatio. LVIII Libris nunc primum in lucem prodeuntibus comprehensa , vol. IV. Pierre de la Rouière, Geneva 1620, p. 265, Weyer died in 1588 “ prid. Cal. Mart. septuagesimum secundum aetatis annum paulum supergressus (= on February 29, when he was only slightly past the seventy-second year of his age) ”(German edition 1622 incorrect:“ a little older than seven and eighty years old ”). On a woodcut dated “1576” ( De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel 1577, p. 2) Weyer was 60 years old.
  3. ↑ Cf. De praestigiis Daemonum , German edition Basel 1565, p. 542: “in a little gray area, so located on the must- abut Brabant and my dear Vatterlandt is” ( Google-Books ).
  4. ↑ a b Funerary inscription received from Joannes Franciscus Foppens : Bibliotheca Belgica, Sive Virorum In Belgio Vitâ, Scriptisque Illustrium Catalogus, Librorumque Nomenclatura , Bd. II. Pierre Foppens, Brussels 1739, p. 754 ( digital copy of the Austrian State Library Vienna) = Heinrich Eschbach: Dr. med. Johannes Wier, the personal physician of Duke Wilhelm III. from Cleve-Jülich-Berg . In: Contributions to the history of the Lower Rhine 1 (1886), pp. 57–174, especially p. 169 f.
  5. ↑ The basis here or there is a mix-up of the similar digits “4” and “9”.
  6. ↑ Jacobus Augustus Thuanus: Historiarum sui temporis continuatio. LVIII Libris nunc primum in lucem prodeuntibus comprehensa , Vol. IV. Pierre de la Rouière, Geneva 1620, p. 265.
  7. ↑ See Pieter de la Ruë (1695–1770): Geletterd Zeeland . Callenfels, Middelburg 1741, pp. 557-559 ( Google Books ) u. a.
  8. ↑ Jan J. B. Kuipers (Ed.): Sluimerend in slik. Verdronken dorpen en verdronken land in Zuidwest Nederland . Den Boer, De Ruiter, Middelburg / Vlissingen 2004.
  9. ↑ Communication from Jacob Verheye van Citters (1753–1823) and Johan de Kanter (1762–1841) with Johannes Wier, proclaimed as the ijsbreker tegen de leer der vooroordeelen, wegens the Duivel, de Duivelskunsten, Tooverijen en Heksenprocessen . In: Jacobus Scheltema (Ed.): Geschied- En Letterkundig Mengelwerk 4.1 (1825), pp. 177–251, esp. P. 207 ( digitized version of the Austrian National Library Vienna)
  10. ↑ Cf. Carl Binz: Doctor Johann Weyer, a Rhenish doctor, the first fighter of the witch madness. A contribution to the German cultural history of the 16th century. In: Zeitschrift des Bergisches Geschichtsverein 21 (1885), pp. 1–171, esp. P. 6, among others
  11. ↑ Melchior Adam: Ioannes VViervs . In: Vitae Germanorum medicorum. Jonas Rosen, Frankfurt am Main; Georgius Geyder, Heidelberg 1620, p. 218 ( digitized version of the Mannheim University Library), named after De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel 1563, p. 88; Basel 1566, p. 100 ( Google-Books ; German edition Basel 1565, p. 137 ( Google-Books ) only the first names Theodorus and Agneta of the parents; the father traded in hops ( lupulus ; Basel 1563, p. 88; Basel 1565 , P. 137).
  12. ↑ a b Cf. Rüdiger Fuchs: The inscriptions of the city of Worms . (German inscriptions. Mainzer series 2). Reichert, Wiesbaden 1991, No. 609, p. 434 f., Cf. P. 574 and p. 577.
  13. ↑ See Hof ten Holt and Ten Holtweg in the municipality of Gassel near Grave.
  14. ↑ a b cf. De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel 1566, p. 100: “cum fratribus Arnoldo & Matthia”; German edition Basel 1565, p. 137 ( Google Books ).
  15. ↑ See letter from Arnt Wier to Maria von Nassau of December 18, 1568; Nationaal Huis Bergh (Regest No. 5979).
  16. ↑ See Johann Weyer: Tractatus de commentitiis ieiuniis . Oporinus, Basel 1577 = De lamiis , Basel edition 1582, col. 109-137, esp. Col. 116 f. ( Google Books ); German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 78 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  17. ↑ Cf. Regest of a document dated October 12, 1562 in: Ottomar Friedrich Kleine, Heinrich Averdunk: Das Stadtarchiv zu Duisburg . In: Annals of the Historical Association for the Lower Rhine, in particular the Old Archdiocese of Cologne 59 (1894), pp. 171–229, especially p. 227 ( Google Books ; limited preview); Carl Binz: Doctor Johann Weyer, a Rhenish doctor, the first fighter against the witch madness. A contribution to the history of the Enlightenment and medicine. Hirschwald, Berlin 1896, 2nd edition, p. 178 f.
  18. ^ Cf. Leonard Wilson Forster: Charles Utenhove and Germany (1971). In: Small writings on German literature in the 17th century (supplements to Daphnis 1). Rodopi, Amsterdam 1977, p. 88 ( Google Books ): “apparently a relation of Johannes Wierus”.
  19. ↑ See letter from Karl von Utenhove the Elder. Ä. to Jan van Utenhove (1516–1566) on September 4, 1562 from Friemersheim . In: Jan Hendrick Hessels: Epistvlae et tractatvs cvm Reformationis tvm Ecclesiae Londino-Batavae historiam illvstrantes (1544-1622) , Vol. II. (Ecclesiae Londino-Batavae Archivum 3). Typis Acodemiae, Cambridge 1897, no. 67, pp. 205–207, especially p. 206 ( digitized version): "Vxor mea ... salutem optat plurimam".
  20. ^ Letter of May 31, 1573 from Wesel to Count Johann VI. (1536–1606) and Ludwig von Nassau-Dillenburg (1538–1574). In: Jacob van Wesenbeeck (ed.): Archives ou correspondance inédite de la maison d'Orange-Nassau, Vol. I / 4 1572–1574. S. and J. Luchtmans, Leiden 1837, pp. 133-143, especially p. 143 ( Google Books ).
  21. ^ Regest of a document dated August 31, 1574; State archive NRW, Dept. Rhineland Duisburg (family archive Haus Aldenhoven, certificate 13).
  22. ↑ Cf. Nationaal Archief Den Haag (collection “Matenesse, van”, Eigendommen en bezittingen, Niel, no. No.).
  23. ↑ The 17th, 21st – 22nd, 29th, 35th letter and eight subsequent cleyne letters . In: Mathijs Wijer: Grondelijcke Onderrichtinghe van veelen hoochwichtighen Articulen . 2nd ed., Dirck Mullem, o. O. [Vianden] 1584, pp. 34 f., 41-45, 52 and 57-60 ( Google Books ).
  24. ^ The 10th letter and letter of April 16, 1560. In: Mathijs Wijer: Grondelijcke Onderrichtinghe van veelen hoochwichtighen Articulen . Dirck Mullem, o. O. [Vianen] 1584, p. 25 f. and p. 60; see. Sjouke Voolstra: Beeldenstormer uit bewogenheid . Verloren, Hilversum 2005, especially pp. 95-103.
  25. ↑ See Heinrich Eschbach: Dr. med. Johannes Wier, the personal physician of Duke Wilhelm III. from Cleve-Jülich-Berg . In: Contributions to the history of the Lower Rhine 1 (1886), pp. 57–174, esp. P. 70, u. a.
  26. ^ Letter from M. N. Jan Hendricks Colen from Herzogenbusch to M. N. Augustinus Hunnaeus (Huens) (1521–1577 / 78) in Leuven on March 3, 1574.
  27. ↑ See De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel edition 1577, column 50 ( digitized version of the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München), German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 24 ( digitized version of the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München), ( Google-Books ).
  28. ↑ Cf. Günther Mensching: The Cologne late scholasticism in the satire of the Epistolae obscurum virorum . In: Albert Zimmermann (Ed.): The Cologne University in the Middle Ages . (Miscellanea mediaevalia 20). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1989, pp. 508-523, especially pp. 509 f., U. a.
  29. ↑ a b cf. De praestigiis Daemonum , German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, pp. 96, 98 and 224.
  30. ^ Johannes Trithemius: Steganographia , hoc est, ars per oculta scripturam animi sui voluntatem absentibus aperiendi certa . Becker, Berner, Frankfurt am Main 1606; see. Jim Reeds: Solved: The Ciphers in Book III of Trithemius's Steganographia . In: Cryptologia 22 (1998), pp. 291-317.
  31. ↑ De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel edition 1566, pp. 145–149, especially p. 148 ( Google Books ); German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, pp. 99-101, especially p. 100 ( Google Books ).
  32. ^ Later prior of the Saint-Lazare monastery near Paris.
  33. ↑ a b cf. De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel edition 1568, p. 525 f. ( Google Books ); German edition (somewhat imprecise or shortened translation) Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 366 ( Google Books ); French edition, Paris 1567, p. 358 f. ( Google Books ); George Mora (Ed.): Witches, devils, and doctors in the Renaissance . (Medieval & Renaissance texts & studies 73). Center for Medieval & Early Renaissance Studies, Binghamton, NY 1991, p. 439.
  34. ^ Francis Higman: Michel Servet. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . September 9, 2010 , accessed June 6, 2019 .
  35. ↑ Melchior Adam: Vitae Germanorum medicorum. Jonas Rosen, Frankfurt am Main; Georgius Geyder, Heidelberg 1620, pp. 186-188; Theodor Kirchhoff : Deutsche Irrenärzte , Vol. I. Springer, Berlin 1921. S. 4, u. a.
  36. ↑ Johannes Leo: De Totivs Africae descriptione, Libri IX . Joannes Latius, Antwerp 1556, p. 132 ( Google Books ).
  37. ↑ Alessandro Benedetti: Anatomicae sive historia corporis humani (1493). Eucharius Cervicornus, Cologne 1527, book III, chap. 9 ( digitized version of the Berlin State Library).
  38. ^ Johann Weyer: Opera omnia . Pieter van den Berge, Amsterdam 1660, pp. 144 and 319 f.
  39. ^ Carl Binz:  Weyer, Johann . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 42, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1897, pp. 266-270.
  40. ^ A b See letter from Chancellor Adrian Marius Everard and councilors of the Court of Gelderland to governor Margarethe von Parma (1522–1586) of October 11, 1566. In: Isaak Anne Nijhoff: Onuitgegeven Stukken . In: Bijdragen voor vaderlandsche geschiedenis en oudheidkunde 6 (1848), pp. 264–270, especially p. 267 ( Google Books ); Gelders Archief Arnhem (Brieven uit en aan het Hof, No. 1986).
  41. ^ Johann Weyer: Opera omnia . Pieter van den Berge, Amsterdam 1660, p. 219f.
  42. ↑ a b Heinrich Eschbach: Dr. med. Johannes Wier, the personal physician of Duke Wilhelm III. from Cleve-Jülich-Berg . In: Contributions to the history of the Lower Rhine 1 (1886), pp. 57–174, esp. P. 86.
  43. ^ Johann Weyer: Opera omnia . Pieter van den Berge, Amsterdam 1660, pp. 150, 285, 466 u. ö.
  44. ↑ Cf. “How I am now almost two and thirty years old, since I came from Arnhem outside Keyser Carl's salary in ... Mr. Wilhelmen, Herthaben zu Gülich, Cleue vnnd Berg etc.” in the foreword to Johann Weyer: Artzney's book of a number of previously unknown and described diseases . 2nd edition, Nikolaus Basse, Frankfurt am Main 1583, unpaginated ( digitized version from the University and State Library of Saxony-Anhalt).
  45. ↑ Adrian Marius Evarard from Mechelen son of Nicholas Everard (1462-1532) from Grijpskerke and brother of Nicholas Grudius Everard († 1571), a humanist poet and died in Brussels.
  46. ↑ See De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel edition 1566, p. 618 f. ( Google Books ); German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 403 f. ( Google Books ); on Adrian Marius Everard cf. P. 253.
  47. ↑ Cf. Gabriel Mattenclot († 1593): Rerum in Germania praecipue inferiore gestarum breuis commemoratio. In: Theodor Joseph Lacomblet (ed.): Archive for the history of the Lower Rhine 5 (1866), pp. 222–243, esp. P. 236 ( Google Books ).
  48. ↑ See Johann Weyer: De Quartana . In: Medicarum observationum rararum , Liber I. Amsterdam 1657, pp. 37–53, esp. Pp. 50–53 ( Google Books ).
  49. ↑ Cf. Emil Dösseler, Friedrich Wilhelm Oediger (edit.): The Lehnregister des Herzogtums Kleve . (The main state archive in Düsseldorf and its holdings 8). Respublica-Verlag, Siegburg 1974, p. 574; probably not identical to the Ravensteiner Drosten Roeleman von Bylandt-Halt-Spaldorf (* around 1508; † around 1558).
  50. ↑ See Johann Weyer: Gangraenae pudendi curatio . In: Medicarum observationum rararum , Liber I. Amsterdam 1657, pp. 115-120, esp. Pp. 117-120 ( Google Books ).
  51. ↑ See Ioannes Wierus: De curatione febris malignae . In: Medicarum observationum rararum , Liber I. Oporinus, Basel 1567, pp. 58–65 ( digital copy of the Herzog-August-Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel)
  52. ↑ 1540–1563 recorded in the Collegiate Monastery of St. Mariä Himmelfahrt in Kleve.
  53. ^ Co-author of Hubert Faber, Bernhard Dessennius Cronenburg, Johann Bachoven van Echt, Theodor Birckmann: Dispensarium usuale pro pharmacopoeis inclytae reipublicae Coloniensis . Arnold Birckmann the Elder Ä. Erben, Cologne 1565; Reprint: Georg Edmund Dann (Ed.): The Cologne Dispensary from 1565 (Publications of the International Society for History and Pharmacy 34–35), 2 parts, Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart 1969. Correspondence with Philipp Melanchthon (1497–1560) (MBW 9039 , 9062), Martin Bucer (1491–1551) and Johann Dryander (1500–1560).
  54. ↑ See De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel edition 1566, p. 409 ( Google Books ); German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 261 ( Google Books ).
  55. ↑ Letter from John Oporius to Johann Weyer from 26 November 1565; Herzog August Library Wolfenbüttel (Cod. Guelf. 13.7 Aug. 4o , sheet 231); see. Arie Geyl: The Oporinus letter to Johann Weyer . In: Archive for the History of Medicine 4 (1911), pp. 425-430, u. a.
  56. ^ From Amsterdam, studies in Leuven and Italy, Dr. med. in Bologna, doctor in Groningen and Cologne, enrolled in Cologne as a doctor with a doctorate in 1547, city doctor.
  57. ↑ Cf. Theodor Gottfried Husemann: The Cologne Pharmacopoeia and their authors . (Reprint from the Apotheker-Zeitung 1899). Denter & Nicolas, Berlin 1899, pp. 23–44, especially p. 43 ( Google Books ; limited preview).
  58. ↑ 1556 matriculated in Basel: "Georgius Phaedro Rhodogen [sis], graecè doctus".
  59. ↑ See De praestigiis Daemonum , German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 524 ( Google Books ); also Johann Weyer: De Quartana . In: Medicarum observationum rararum , Liber I. Amsterdam 1657, pp. 37–53, esp. P. 52 ( Google Books ), where Weyer accuses Fedro of “shameless perversions”.
  60. ↑ Cf. Karl Sudhoff: The Paracelsist Georg Fedro von Rodach and the Lower Rhine medical dispute . In: Negotiations of the Society of German Natural Scientists and Doctors 70.2 (1898), p. 448 f. ( Google Books ; limited preview); Udo Benzenhöfer: On the letter of Johannes Oporinus about Paracelsus. The oldest known letter delivery to date in an 'Oratio' by Gervasius Marstaller . In: Sudhoffs Archiv 73 (1989), pp. 55-63.
  61. ↑ Brandenburg Foundation, 1566–1683 and 1613–1730; Archive of the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland Düsseldorf / Moers (inventory 4KG 005 Evangelical Church Community Düsseldorf, No. 198 and 199).
  62. ↑ See letter of November 19, 1567; Gelders Archief (Brieven van en aan Uitheemsen, Regest No. 306).
  63. ^ Letter from Andreas Masius to Chancellor Heinrich Bars called Olisleger († 1575) from June 19, 1568 from Brussels; Ludwig Keller (edit.): The Counter Reformation in Westphalia and on the Lower Rhine. Pieces of files and explanations , Vol. I. Hirzel, Leipzig 1881, No. 67, p. 140 f. ( Digitized version in the Internet Archive); Ludwig Keller: The struggle for the evangelical confession on the Lower Rhine (1555-1609) . In: Historische Zeitschrift 63 (1889), pp. 193–241, esp. Pp. 201–205 ( Google Books ; limited preview).
  64. ↑ Cf. Sigmund Feyerabend : Magnificent, full description of the princely journey home by both . Sigmund Feyerabend, Frankfurt am Main 1576, p. 43 ( Google Books ).
  65. ↑ a b Letter from Johann Weyer of August 16, undated (= 1576; massacre in Aalst and death of Johann Bachoven van Echt mentioned) from Dinslaken to “Doctor” NN. In: Johannes Geffcken: Dr. Johannes Weyer. Old and new from the first fighter of the witch craze. In: Monthly Issues of the Comenius Society 13 (1904), pp. 139–148, esp. Pp. 144–147 ( PDF of Elbląska Biblioteka Cyfrowa / Elbing City Library). According to the contents of the letter, the recipient of the letter was Matthias Stoius, to whom Bishop Tilemann Hesshus had refused the Last Supper; see. Stephan Jaster: The medical faculty of the Albertus University . In: Hanspeter Marti, Manfred Komorowski (ed.): The University of Königsberg in the early modern period . Böhlau, Köln 2008, pp. 42–76, esp. P. 54 ( Google Books ; limited preview).
  66. ↑ a b cf. Johann Weyer: Tractatus de commentitiis ieiuniis. Oporinus, Basel 1577 = De lamiis , Basel edition 1582, col. 109-137, esp. Col. 109 f. ( Google Books ); German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 73.
  67. ↑ From Weinböhla near Meißen, also a shame; Personal physician to Duke Barnim IX. from Pomerania-Stettin († 1573), epitaph in St. Mary's Church in Gdansk.
  68. ↑ From Crossen ( Krosno Odrzańskie ); 1543 student, 1549 enrolled in Wittenberg, 1562 doctor in Sagan ( Żagań ), 1566 to 1567 rector of the grammar school in Elblag ( Elbląg ).
  69. ^ From Löwenberg ( Lwówek Śląski ), professor of medicine in Frankfurt an der Oder, personal physician to Elector Johann Georg von Brandenburg .
  70. ^ Heinrich Grimm:  Jobst (Iustus), Wolfgang. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1974, ISBN 3-428-00191-5 , p. 446 f. ( Digitized version ).
  71. ↑ Incorrectly named "Johannes Peristerus" in the treatise.
  72. ↑ Cf. on the following Johann Weyer: Tractatus de commentitiis ieiuniis. Oporinus, Basel 1577 = De lamiis , Basel edition 1582, Sp. 109-137 ( Google Books ); German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, pp. 73–90 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich); Waltraud Pulz: Sober calculation - consuming passion. Food abstinence in the 16th century . Böhlau, Cologne 2007, pp. 73–83.
  73. ↑ A literal translation (selection) from Johann Diederich von Steinen : An attempt at a Westphalian history, especially the Graffschatt Mark , Part 2 / XII. History of the parishes in Amt Unna . Lemgo 1755 (Reprint Münster 1963), pp. 1145–1153 ( Google Books ).
  74. ↑ See e.g. B. A vberaus Whimsical Historia vnd story of how God ... a young Megdelein, ohn food vnd tranck, etzlige moons, has received in life ... . Dortmund 1574 ( digitized version of the Zurich Central Library, Johann Jakob Wick collection ).
  75. ↑ a b Cf. Sigmund Feyerabend: Magnificent, full description of the princely journey home by both . Sigmund Feyerabend, Frankfurt am Main 1576, pp. 5 f., 40, 43 and 55 f. ( Google Books ).
  76. ↑ See Johann Weyer: Tractatus de commentitiis ieiuniis . Oporinus, Basel 1577 = De lamiis , Basel edition 1582, col. 125; German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 83.
  77. ^ Regest of an order of Duke Wilhelm V dated August 16, 1576, issued in Dinslaken Castle ; Ludwig Keller (edit.): The Counter Reformation in Westphalia and the Lower Rhine , Vol. I. (Publications from the Prussian State Archives 9.1). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1881, No. 222, p. 247.
  78. ^ Regest of a deed of sale from July 30, 1579, cf. Regesten of February 26, 1595 ("heirs of † Dr. Wyer") and August 15, 1627; Historisch Centrum Overijssel (0568 Hövell, Van family, Gnadenthal te Ganswick house, documents 96, 109 and 128).
  79. ↑ See letters from Johann Weyer of January 11, 1581, April 6 and May 22, 1583; Nationaal Huis Bergh (Regesten No. 6887, 7748, see No. 5971, 5777).
  80. ↑ See letters from Johann Weyer, undated .; Nationaal Huis Bergh (Regesten No. 7323, 8001 and 8026).
  81. ↑ See letters from Johann Weyer and Wilhelm IV. Of February 19, April 20 and July 12, 1582, May 22 and May 24/3. June 1583; Archief Huis Bergh (Regesten No. 7103, 7181, 7325, 7748, 7750 and 7754).
  82. ↑ Gijsbertt Everwijn is favored in 1578 in a deed of donation from Count Hermann von Neuenahr together with Henrich Wintgens, Everhardt Everwijn and their sisters (Gelders Archief, Hoff family, no. 32–33), so it could have been related to Weyer's first wife Judith Wintgens.
  83. ↑ Also Ghijsbrecht Everwijn u. The English-language literature reads "Gisbert Enerwitz" or "Enerwit"; see. but Anthonie Paul van Schilfgaarde: De laatste letter from Sir Philip Sidney. In: Bijdragen en Mededeelingen van de Vereeniging Gelre 55 (1956), pp. 197-200, especially p. 197.
  84. ↑ Sophie Crawford Lomas, Allen B. Hinds (Ed.): Calendar of State Papers Foreign , Vol. XXI / 2 Elizabeth. June 1586 – March 1587 . His Majesty's Stationery Office, London 1927, p. 201 ( digitized from British history online); Read out edition: “redoubt of Greffe” (instead of “Cleffe”) and “agent Schrick” (margin correction: “Marten Schenck”).
  85. ↑ See Roger Kuin (ed.): The Correspondence of Sir Philip Sidney. Vol. I, University Press, Oxford 2012, pp. Xvi, lxiif and 1318-1324. The letter is in the Public Record Office, London.
  86. ↑ In detail: Karl A. E. Enenkel: Neo-Stoicism as an Antidote to Public Violence before Lipsius's De constantia: Johann Weyer's (Wier's) Anger Therapy, De ira morbo (1577) . In: Karl A. E. Enenkel, Anita Traninger (Ed.): Discourses of Anger in the Early Modern Period . Brill, Leiden 2015, pp. 49–96, esp. P. 52 note 11.
  87. ↑ Quoted from the edition of Johann Weyer: Artzney Buch . 2nd edition Nikolaus Basse, Frankfurt am Main 1583, unpaginated ( digitized version from the University and State Library of Saxony-Anhalt Halle-Wittenberg). The foreword was written almost 32 years after Weyer's move to Kleve or Düsseldorf (1550) and before Anna von Tecklenburg's death (August 24, 1582). O.
  88. ^ Letter from Andreas Masius to Johann Wier from March 15, 1562 from Zevenaar ; Max Lossen : Letters from Andreas Masius and his friends 1538–1573. (Publications of the Society for Rhenish History 2). Dürr, Leipzig 1886, No. 247, p. 341 f. ( Digitized in the Internet Archive).
  89. ↑ Cf. the quote from Alciato (“ noua holocausta ”) in Johannes Wier: De lamiis . Oporinus, Basel 1577, Sp. 84 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich), (German 1586 ( digitized version )); Report by the Milan lawyer Andreas Alciatus on a… legal opinion on witchcraft (around 1530). In: Joseph Hansen: Sources and studies on the history of the witch craze and witch research in the Middle Ages. Georgi, Bonn 1901 (reprint: Olms, Hildesheim 1963), pp. 310-312 ( Google Books ).
  90. ↑ Cf. Peter Arnold Heuser: On the importance of the pre- and post-career careers of Reich Chamber Court lawyers of the 16th century for the study of their legal conceptions. A case study . In: Albrecht Cordes (ed.): Legal argumentation - arguments of lawyers . (Sources and research on the highest jurisdiction in the Old Kingdom 49). Böhlau, Köln 2006, pp. 153–218, especially p. 204, note 155 ( Google Books ).
  91. ↑ See Johann Weyer: De praestigiis daemonum et incantationibus ac veneficiis. 2nd ed., Johann Oporinus Successor, Basel 1577, p. 713 ff ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library, Munich).
  92. ↑ On Christoph Prob cf. Kurt Stuck: Personnel of the Palatinate Central Authorities in Heidelberg 1475–1685 with special consideration of the Chancellor (writings on the population history of the Palatinate Lands), Ludwigshafen 1986, p. 76.
  93. ↑ See Johann Weyer: De praestigiis daemonum et incantationibus ac veneficiis . 2nd ed., Johann Oporinus Successor, Basel 1577, p. 717 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library, Munich); Christoph Meiners : Historical comparison of the customs and constitutions, the laws and trades of trade and religion, the sciences and educational institutions of the Middle Ages with those of our century. Vol. III, Hannover: Helwing 1794, p. 368 f.
  94. ^ Jacob Cornelis van Slee:  Hovaeus, Antonius . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, p. 213.
  95. ^ Letter of July 3, 1563 (from "A. H. H. A. E."); De praestigiis Daemonum , German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, pp. 534-536 ( Google Books ); see. Frank Hieronymus (Ed.): Theophrast and Galen - Celsus and Paracelsus , Part 3 Medicine, Natural Philosophy, etc. from 1550 , Vol. IV. Nos. 464–620 . Verlag der Universitätsbibliothek, Basel 2005, p. 1775.
  96. ↑ See Weyer's dedication to De Scorbuto (1564). In: Medicarum observationum rararum , Liber I. Amsterdam 1657, p. I, to him ( Google Books ).
  97. ^ Letter of December 26, 1565 from Hamm; De praestigiis Daemonum , German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, pp. 536-539.
  98. ^ Letter of August 7, 1564 from Steuerwald Castle; De praestigiis Daemonum , German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 539 f.
  99. ^ Letter of March 24, 1566 from Basel; De praestigiis Daemonum , German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 540.
  100. ^ Letter of June 1, 1563 from Duisburg; De praestigiis Daemonum , German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 541.
  101. ↑ letter Baldwin Ronsseus' to Johann Weyer from 15 May 1563 from Gouda . In: Balduinus Ronsseus: Miscellanea seu epistolae medicinales . Plantin, Raphelengius, Löwen 1590, pp. 173–176 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich); also in the appendix to De praestigiis daemonum , 1583, col. 904 f ( digitized version ); German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 540 f ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  102. ↑ reply Johann Weyers at Baldwin Ronsseus from November 6, 1563 in Kleve. In: Daniel Sennert (Ed.): De scorbuto tractatus . Acc. ejusdem argumenti tractatus et epistolae Balduini Ronssei, Johannis Echthii , Johannis Wieri, Johannis Langii, Salomonis Alberti , Matthaei Martini. Zacharias Schurer, Wittenberg 1624, pp. 237–239 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  103. ↑ Cf. Theodor Husemann : Balduin Ronsseus and the witch trial in Neustadt am Rübenberge . In: Minutes of the meetings of the Society for the History of Göttingen 6 (1897/98), pp. 85–93, esp. Pp. 86 f. ( Google Books ; limited preview).
  104. ↑ Leo Suavius: theophrasti Paracelsi Philosophiae Et Medicinae Vtrivsqve Vniversae, Compendivm . Peter Fabricius, Frankfurt am Main 1568, pp. 21, 192, 227, 312 fu ö. ( Google Books ).
  105. ↑ Johannes Wier: Apologia ... Adversus Leoni Suavii calumnias . In: De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel edition 1577, pp. 871–892 = Opera omnia. Pieter van den Berge, Amsterdam 1660, pp. 623–637 ( Google Books ).
  106. ↑ Johannes Wier: Apologia. Adversus quendam Paulum Schalichium, qui se Principem de la Scala vocat . In: De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel edition 1577, pp. 836–871 = Opera omnia. Pieter van den Berge, Amsterdam 1660, pp. 596–623 ( Google Books ).
  107. ^ Heinrich Eschbach: Dr. med. Johannes Wier, the personal physician of Duke Wilhelm III. from Cleve-Jülich-Berg . In: Contributions to the history of the Lower Rhine 1 (1886), pp. 57–174, especially pp. 67 f. and 153; Frank Hieronymus (Ed.): Theophrast and Galen - Celsus and Paracelsus , Part 3 Medicine, Natural Philosophy, etc. from 1550 , Vol. IV. Nos. 464-620. Verlag der Universitätsbibliothek, Basel 2005, pp. 1789 and 1799.
  108. ↑ Thomas Erastus: Repetitio Disputationis De Lamiis Seu Strigibus . Perna, Basel 1578 ( digital copy from the Bavarian State Library in Munich); see. Johann Karcher: Thomas Erastus (1524–1583), the implacable opponent of Theophrastus Paracelsus . In: Gesnerus. Swiss Journal of the history of medicine and sciences 14 (1957), pp. 1-13, especially p. 4 f.
  109. ↑ Homilia de Grandine, habita 1539. In: Pericopae evangeliorum quae usitato more in praecipuis Festis legi solent , Frankfurt am Main 1557; German translated by Jakob Gräter A preach about the hail and thunderstorm , Gethan Anno 1539, in: Evangelien der Fürnembsten Fest- und Feyertagen , Frankfurt am Main 1558 a. ö., Edition Frankfurt am Main 1572, pp. 891–896 ( digitized version of the University Library Halle).
  110. ↑ Published as an appendix Liber apologeticus or Apologia. From streamlining the Vnholden. Collatio or comparison Johannis Brentij vnnd Johannis Wieri to De praestigiis daemonum , Basel 1583, col. 805–836 ( digitized version ); German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, pp. 484-542 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  111. ↑ The singular form can be understood collectively; Vulgate : masc. Pl. " Malefici (damage wizard)"; Brenz: fem. Pl. "Maleficae (damaging sorceresses)".
  112. ↑ De praestigiis daemonum , Basel 1583, col. 805-836, esp. Col. 825 f, cf. Sp. 813 ( digitized version ); German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, pp. 484-542, especially p. 495, cf. P. 488 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  113. ↑ Flavius ​​Josephus: Antiquitates Judaicae , IV. Book, Chapter 8, No. 34; see. Heinrich Clementz (Ed.): Des Flavius ​​Josephus Jewish Antiquities , Vol. I. Otto Hendel, Halle 1900, p. 242 ( digitized in the Internet Archive)
  114. ↑ Jean Bodin: De Magorum Daemonomania . Thomas Guarinus, Basel 1581, pp. 421–429 and 486 ( digitized in the Internet Archive); German translation by Johann Fischart : From the exiled Wütigen Teuffelsheer of the possessed nonsensical witches and witch masters… . Jobin, Strasbourg 1581, pp. 701-714 and 798 f. ( Digitized in the Internet Archive).
  115. ^ Appendix Commentarius in Titulum Codicis Lib. IX de Maleficis et Mathematicis on the expanded edition by Peter Binsfeld: Tractatus de confessionibus maleficorum et Sagarum recognitus (first edition 1589). Trier 1591, pp. 532-535; see. P. 485 (letter to Brenz) ( Google Books ).
  116. ↑ Reginald Scot: The discouerie of witchcraft . Brome, London 1584, p. 125 and ö. ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich); Reprint, ed. by Brinsley Nicholson (1824-1892). Stock, London 1886, p. 99 f .; see. also Extracts from Wier , pp. 553-563 ( digitized in the Internet Archive).
  117. ^ Letter from Johann Molanus to Johannes Wierus of September 10, 1566 from Duisburg; Johann Philipp Cassel (arr.): Bremensia. Bremen historical news and documents , Vol. II. Johann Heinrich Cramer, Bremen 1767, pp. 581–584 ( digitized version of the Bremen State and University Library); Wilko de Boer: A Bremen witch from 1565 . In: Bremisches Jahrbuch. Series A 33 (1931), pp. 368–375, with the uncensored version of the letter ( digitized version from the Bremen State and University Library).
  118. ↑ Jodoku's stool: The devil himself. ed. by Hermann Hamelmann, Vol. I – III. Nikolaus Henrich, Ursel 1568 ( digitized , digitized and digitized from the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  119. ↑ Jakob Franck:  Stool, Jodocus . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1880, pp. 534-536.
  120. ↑ Sigmund Feyerabend (Ed.): Theatrvm Diabolorum, That is: A very useful, understandable book . Peter Schmidt, Frankfurt am Main 1569 ( digitized from the Austrian National Library Vienna); 2nd edition, 1575 ( Google Books ).
  121. ↑ Cf. Ingrid Ahrendt-Schulte : Hocker, Jodokus (2007). In: Lexicon for the history of witch persecution , ed. by Gudrun Gersmann, Katrin Moeller and Jürgen-Michael Schmidt ( digitized from historicum.net, accessed on July 12, 2018).
  122. ^ Letter from the English diplomat George Gilpin (1514–1602) to Francis Walsingham dated June 29, 1588; Sophie Crawford Lomas, Allen B. Hinds (Ed.): Calendar of State Papers Foreign , Vol. XXI / 4 Elizabeth. January - June 1588 . His Majesty's Stationery Office, London 1931, p. 525 ( digitized from British history online).
  123. ↑ Abraham Jacob van der Aa (Ed.): Biographisch woordenboek der Nederlanden Vol. VIII. J. J. van Brederode, Haarlem 1867, p. 734.
  124. ^ Johannes Heurnius: De morbis ventricvli liber. Responsvm ad Ioannem Banchemivm et Consiliarios Supremae Curiae Hollandiae, Zelandiae, et Westfrisiae , nullum esse aquae innatationem lamiarum indicium , ed. by Otto Heurnius . Plantin, Leiden 1608 ( Google Books ).
  125. ↑ Quoted from Carl Binz:  Weyer, Johann . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 42, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1897, pp. 266-270., Especially pp. 267 f .; see. the translation by Heinrich Peter Rebenstock: De lamiis. That is: From Teuffelsgepenst, magicians and Gifftbereytern . Nikolaus Basseus, Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 1 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  126. ↑ Cf. on the following Conrad Meyer-Ahrens: The engraving in the years 1564 and 1565 in connection with the other epidemics of the years 1562–1566. Friedrich Schulthess, Zurich 1848, passim ( Google.Books ), with reference to Johann Weyer: Medicarum observationum rararum Liber I , Latin edition Basel 1567 ( digitized from the Herzog-August-Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel), Amsterdam 1657, pp. 49-58 ( digitized the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  127. ↑ See De praestigiis Daemonum , German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 93f ( Google Books ).
  128. ↑ See De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel 1577, Sp. 156–158 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  129. ↑ See Heinrich Düntzer : Goethe's Faust ... fully explained , Vol. I. Dyk, Leipzig 1850, p. 19 f. ( Google Books ); Carl Kiesewetter : Faust in History and Tradition , Leipzig: Spohr 1893 ( digitized in the Internet Archive), passim, esp. Pp. 41–49 (reprint Hildesheim: Olms 1963); Alexander Tille: The splinters of fist in the literature of the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. Emil Felber, Berlin 1900, pp. 21 f., 583 fu ö. ( Digitized in the Internet Archive).
  130. Jump up ↑ First mention by Jobus Fincelius : Full description and thorough listing of terrible miraculous signs and stories from the Jar to MDXVII. except for a big jar MDLVI. happened after the Jarzal . Jena, 1556, unpaginated ( digitized version from the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  131. ↑ See De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel edition 1566, p. 84 f. ( Digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich), German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 43 ( Google Books ).
  132. ^ Foundation of the mayor Friedrich Poppendieck from 1572; see. Christine Wulf: Hameln, No. 76 †, St. Nicolai 1572 . In: The inscriptions of the city of Hameln . (The German inscriptions 28). Reichert, Wiesbaden 1989 ( digitized at www.inschriften.net).
  133. ↑ See De praestigiis Daemonum , Basel edition 1577, column 80 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich); German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 43.
  134. ↑ Weyerstege: Fighters of the Hexenwahns , RP Online , October 7, 2010, accessed on March 2, 2015.
  135. ↑ Jan Gruter (ed.): Epithalamia Marquardi Freheri Marq [uardi] f [ilii] Hieron [ymi] n [epotis] et Catharinae Wierae Henr [ici] f [iliae] Johan [nis] n [eptis]. Heidelberg 1593, title page ; Richard Pick: Miscellen 10. In honor of the h. Apollinaris in Düsseldorf. In: Annals of the Historical Association for the Lower Rhine. 26/27 (1874), pp. 414-416, especially pp. 415 f. ( Google Books ).
  136. ↑ See Ioannes Vuier: De irae morbo, eiusdem curatione Philosophica, Media & Theologica, Liber. Irascimini sine peccato . Johann Oporinus successor, Basel 1577: death of his wife " ante quinquennium = for five years " ( Google Books in the edition of Opera Omnia . Amsterdam 1660, p. 774); German Johannes Wierus: Vom Zorn . Matthes Welack, Wittenberg 1585, p. Xxix ( digitized version of the Regensburg University Library).
  137. ↑ Perhaps from the Wyntgens mint master family from Arnhem (later also in Kampen and others); see. Philip Frederik William van Romondt: Het mummeestersgeslacht Wyntgens . In: De Nederlandsche Leeuw. Maandblad van het Genealogisch-heraldisch Genootschap 33 (1915), pp. 193–197, 265–270, 299 ff. And 373 ff .; 34 (1916), pp. 18 ff., 135 ff. And 179 ff .; 35 (1917), p. 14 ff. The mint master family, however, had different coats of arms ( lily ; bunch of grapes ) than Judith Wintgens ( oblique left bar , on it a jumping dog ). The Jülischen prince tutor Stephanus Winandus Pighius (1520–1604) from 1571 was the son of a Hendrik Wyntgens.
  138. ↑ a b See letters of February 28 and March 23, 1607; Bern Burger Library (Cod. 496 (A) 199 and 200).
  139. ↑ Cf. Fritz Weigle: Matriculation of the German Nation in Siena (1573-1738) . Niemeyer, Tübingen 1962. p. 68.
  140. ↑ See John Strype: Annals of the Reformation and the Establishment of Religion ... in the Church of England , Vol. III. Edward Symon, London 1728, pp. 87 f. and p. 215 f. ( Google Books ).
  141. ↑ Also Hemmerles o. Ä .; Gut (later Landsassengut) the Mendel von Steinfels near Parkstein ; since 1591 owned by Anna Mendel von Steinfels and since 1600 owned by Johannes Weyer; see. Heribert Sturm : Neustadt an der Waldnaab - Weiden. Parkstein Community Office, County of Störnstein, Floß Care Office (Flossenbürg) . (Historical Atlas of Bavaria I, 47). Commission for Bavarian State History, Munich 1978, p. 159 f. and 164–166 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  142. ↑ See Wilhelm Nutzinger (edit.): Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Vol. 52 Neunburg vorm Wald. Commission for Bavarian State History, Munich 1982, p. 105.
  143. ↑ See the dedication by his nephew Franz Weier: Disputatio inauguralis ex leg. Mora. XXXII. digest. de usuris ,… ad quam… publice… respondebit Franciscus Weier Clivius Sicamber. Waldkirch, Basel 1605 ( digitized version from the Basel University Library).
  144. ↑ Erich von Glaß: The older Mendel von Steinfels . In: Negotiations of the Historical Association for Upper Palatinate and Regensburg 121 (1981), pp. 443–470, especially p. 468 ( PDF from Heimatforschung Regensburg).
  145. ↑ 1577 to 1584 Obervogt in Altensteig , 1579 entry in the register of Otto Heinrich II. Von Pfalz-Sulzbach (1556–1604). Ingeborg Krekler: Family records until 1625 . Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1999, pp. 35 and 282.
  146. ↑ See De praestigiis Daemonum , Book IV Curatio eorum, qui lamiarum maleficio affici . Basel 1563, p. 382 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich) = [Chapter XVIII, § 2.] Opera omnia . Amsterdam 1660, p. 404 ( Google Books ); German About verzeuberungen . Basel 1565, p. 854 ( Google Books ).
  147. ↑ See De praestigiis Daemonum , German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 252.
  148. ↑ See Johann Weyer: Tractatus de commentitiis ieiuniis . Oporinus, Basel 1577 = De lamiis , Basel edition 1582, col. 109-137, esp. Col. 119-122 ( Google Books ); German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, pp. 79–82 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library, Munich).
  149. ^ Letter of March 20, 1586 from Düsseldorf. In: Legionum Epistolarum Utenhovii hecatontas aut centuria prima (previously unprinted collection of handwritten letters, 1598; Bibliothèque nationale de France Paris, MS fonds latin 18592), sheets 94f ( digitized version of the Bibliothèque nationale de France).
personal data
SURNAME Weyer, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Weier; Wier; Wierus; Piscinarius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Doctor and opponent of the witch hunt
DATE OF BIRTH before February 29, 1516
PLACE OF BIRTH Grave on the Meuse, in the north of Brabant
DATE OF DEATH February 24, 1588 or February 29, 1588
Place of death Tecklenburg