Wilhelm Fabry

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Guilielmus Fabricius Hildanus, Observationum et Curationum Chirurgicarum Centuriae , 1641

Wilhelm Fabry (von Hilden) , also Guil (i) elmus Fabricius Hildanus and Fabricius von Hilden (born June 25, 1560 in Hilden ; † February 15, 1634 in Bern ) was a city ​​doctor in Bern, is considered the most important German-speaking surgeon of his time and as the founder of scientific surgery .

Life

Wilhelm Fabry, bronze bust on the market square in Hilden
Hilden, market on Mittelstrasse with a bust of Fabry

Fabry was born as the son of the clerk Peter "Drees" and his wife Margarethe "auf dem Sand" in Hilden near Düsseldorf. Family names in today's sense were only just emerging at that time; Peter probably named himself after his father Drees (= Andreas) and his wife was named after her origin - there is still a street "Auf dem Sand" in Hilden today. Wilhelm's mother was widowed in his first marriage and lived “in der Schmitten” ( in the smithy ), a property that she probably inherited from her first husband as a widow's residence .

From a point in time that can no longer be determined today, Wilhelm called himself “Fabricius”, presumably as a reference to the house where he was born “Schmitten” (Latin faber = blacksmith), and latinized according to Renaissance custom. The birth house has since been torn down.

Until 1573 he attended a higher school in Cologne, but had to leave it again for financial reasons. From 1576 to 1580 he trained with the bath and surgeon Johannes Dümgens in Neuss . 1580–1585 he worked as a journeyman in Dusseldorf with the respected surgeon Cosmas Slot (a student of Andreas Vesalius ) at the court of Duke Wilhelm the Rich . In 1585 he moved to Geneva to study with his model Jean Griffon . On July 30, 1587 he married Marie Colinet , the daughter of the Geneva printer Eustache Colinet, in the Geneva church of St. Gervais.

1602–1615 he was city surgeon in Payerne (Switzerland) and Lausanne . This position is by no means comparable to a current medical officer; it was limited to the functions of the surgeon / surgeon at the time, so it did not include the academic medicine as defined at the time. The city surgeon had to treat certain people (e.g. poor people) free of charge and provide them with medication for a fixed annual fee, but was otherwise free to run his own practice and to charge fees for this. 1615–1634 he worked as a municipal surgeon in Bern on behalf of the council and from 1618 was also the personal physician of Margrave Georg Friedrich von Baden .

From around 1585, i.e. for most of his professional life, it is characteristic of Fabry that although he is occasionally mentioned as a citizen of a town or even received permanent assignments, he cannot be considered as "settled" here or there. At most, his family was settled. He himself had extensive travel practice as an independent surgeon and was in lively correspondence with many well-known doctors of his time.

In 1589 he returned to Hilden, and in 1593 he moved his practice to Cologne.

Works

Fabry wrote about 20 medical works, including the Observationum et Curationum Chirurgicarum Centuriae , a collection of case reports that appeared in batches of 100 during his lifetime and were published posthumously in 1641. This also contains the report on the magnet extraction of metallic foreign bodies from the eye, invented by his wife Marie Colinet in 1624.

The surgeon, also known as the "German Paré ", also describes the removal of jaw tumors, for example.

Wilhelm Fabry's collected works: Opera quae extant omnia ... . Frankfurt 1646
  • De Gangræna Et Sphacelo. That is: From the hot and cold Brandt ... , Peter Keschedt, Cologne 1593. Digitized ÖNB Vienna
    • New edition: Thorough report of the hot and cold fire, which is called Gangraena et Sphacelus or S. Antonii and Martialis fire. After the second German edition published in 1603, edited and edited. by Erich Hintzsche , Bern and Stuttgart 1965 (= Huber's classics of medicine and natural sciences , 4).
  • De Combustionibus, quae oleo & Aqua fervida, ferro candente, Powders tormentario, fulmine & quavis alia materia ignita fiunt Libellus ... , Rex, Basel 1607. urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10915888-9
  • New Feldt Arztny book of illnesses and injuries common to surgeons in wars. Basel 1615.
  • De Dysenteria: Liber unus: In quo hujus Morbi Causae, Signa, Prognostica, & Praeservatio continentur: Item, quomodo Symptomata, quae huic Morbo supervenire solent, sint removenda , de Bry / Galler, Oppenheim 1616. Digitalisat ULB Düsseldorf
  • with Johann Stigel : Piae lachrymae or Christian lament, and consolation, from the sad and miserable state of the people ... , Johann Schroeter, Basel 1618. doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-41854
  • Spiritual songs and chants to sing comfortingly in many Anligen, Nöhten, Vervolgungen, Creutz and adversities ... , Abraham Weerlin, Bern 1621. doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-10174
  • Mirror of human life , Abraham Werlii, Bern 1621. doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-10173
  • Christian sleep run… Furthermore, a number of rules to maintain health… , Joh. Theodori de Bry, Frankfurt a. M. 1624. Digitized ÖNB Vienna
  • Anatomiae praestantia et utilitas that is Kurtze's description of the excellent use and necessity of anatomy ... , Jacob Stuber, Bern 1624. Digitized ÖNB Vienna
  • Lithotomia Vesicae, That is: Thorough report Von dem Blaterstein ... , Jo. Schröter, Basel 1626. Digital copy HAB Wolfenbüttel
  • Mr. Guilhelmi Fabricii von Hilden long coveted and perfect body and wound artzney. Translated from Latin into highly German language: By Friderich Greiffen , Beyer, Frankfurt a. M. 1652. Digitalized ULB Düsseldorf
  • Observationum et curationum chirurgicarum centuriae, nunc primum simul in unum opus congestae. 2 volumes, Lyon 1641.
  • Opera observationum et curationum medico-chirurgicarum, quae exstant omnia , JL Dufour, Frankfurt a. M. 1682. Digitized BIU Santé

Honors

  • In Hilden, Fabriciusstrasse, the Wilhelm Fabry Realschule and the Wilhelm Fabry Museum were named after Fabry . Medical tools and specialist literature from Wilhelm Fabry's time are exhibited there.
  • In 1911, a bronze bust created by Arnold Künne was dedicated to Fabry in Hilden , which after several relocations has found its place in the center of the city, the market on Mittelstrasse.
  • In Bern in the district is Breitenrain-Lorraine Hilda Nuss route named after him.
  • The Fabricius Clinic in Remscheid is named after Wilhelm Fabry. The clinic, which was founded in 1899 by the ophthalmologist Romanus Johannes Schaefer (1866–1944), was renamed the Fabricius private clinic for eye, surgical and gynecological diseases on May 1, 1900 after a change of location .
  • The city of Hilden has been awarding the Wilhelm Fabry Prize to artists since 1978 .
  • As gifts of honor, the city of Hilden awards the "Fabriciusteller" and the "City coat of arms with Fabricius medal" in gold and silver respectively.
  • In 2010, on the occasion of Fabry's 450th birthday, the Wilhelm Fabry year was celebrated in Hilden.

literature

  • Malachias Geiger: Kelegraphia, That is: Detailed report or description From the fractures to the same medical and surgical healing. , Translation from Latin: Wilhelm Fabry. Joh. Weyrich, Stuttgart 1661. Digitized MDZ Munich
  • Christian Polykarp Leporin: The life of the excellent Guilielmi Fabricii von Hilden, together with the answer to ... , Gottfried Ernst Struntz, Quedlinburg and Aschersleben 1722. Digitalisat SLUB Dresden
  • Conrad Meyer-Ahrens : Wilhelm Fabry, called Fabricius von Hilden - A historical original sketch , Hirschwald, Berlin 1865. urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10727385-1
  • August Hirsch :  Fabricius, Wilhelm . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, pp. 526-528.
  • Romanus Johannes Schaefer: Wilhelm Fabricius von Hilden - his life and his services to surgery , JU Kern's publishing house (Max Müller), Breslau 1904. archive.org
  • Gernot Rath:  Fabricius Hildanus, Wilhelm. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 738 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Erich Hintzsche : Guilelmus Fabricius Hildanus 1560-1634. Festschrift [on the occasion of the 1947–1972 anniversary] 25 years of Lindopharm Rönsberg KG Hilden. Hilden 1972 (reprint, for the meeting of the Rheinischer Kreis on November 6, 1982 in Hilden, 1982); 2nd, modified edition, ibid 1973.
  • Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Fabricius, Hildanus Wilhelm (Wilhelm Fabry). In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 387.

Web links

Commons : Wilhelm Fabry  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Fabricius, Hildanus Wilhelm. 2005, p. 387.
  2. ^ Gernot Rath:  Fabricius Hildanus, Wilhelm. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 738 f. ( Digitized version )., Here: p. 739.
  3. ↑ See also Hans Remmen: The relations of Fabricius Hildanus to Cologne based on his Observationes et Curationes. Medical dissertation Cologne 1963.
  4. ↑ 5th Centurie, Observatio 21 .
  5. ↑ Ullrich Rainer Otte: Jakob Calmann Linderer (1771-1840). A pioneer in scientific dentistry. Medical dissertation, Würzburg 2002, p. 18.
  6. ^ Development of the Fabricius Clinic . ( Memento from April 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ; PDF; 1.3 MB) In: Arenberger Dominikanerinnen Fabricius-Klinik Remscheid GmbH (Ed.): Festschrift 100 Years of Arenberg Dominicans in the Fabricius Clinic, Remscheid 2004, p. 18.
  7. ^ Journal of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein. Volume 75, 1958, p. 17.
personal data
SURNAME Fabry, Wilhelm
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fabry von Hilden, Wilhelm; Fabricius Hildanus, Guilelmus (Latinized)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Swiss surgeon, is considered the founder of scientific surgery
DATE OF BIRTH June 25, 1560
PLACE OF BIRTH Hilden
DATE OF DEATH February 15, 1634
Place of death Bern