Payerne

Payerne
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Vaud (VD)
District :	Broye-Vully
BFS no. :	5822
Postal code :	1530
UN / LOCODE :	CH PYE
Coordinates :	561779  /  185612 coordinates: 46 ° 49 '14 "  N , 6 ° 56' 16"  O ; CH1903:  561779  /  185612
Height :	456  m above sea level M.
Height range :	436–637 m above sea level M.
Area :	24.18  km²
Residents:	9949 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	411 inhabitants per km²
Unemployment rate :	6.1% (May 31, 2,015)
Mayor :	Christelle Luisier
Website:	www.payerne.ch
Payerne
Location of the municipality

Payerne is a municipality and capital of the Broye-Vully district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland . The former German name Peterlingen for the town is only rarely used today, especially with reference to the abbey.

geography

Payerne is 456  m above sea level. M. , 17 km west of the city of Freiburg (linear distance). It stretches on both sides of the canalised Broye , where it emerges from the Molasse hills of the Vaudois and Freiburg Central Plateau into the broad Broye plain.

The area of ​​the 24.2 km² large municipal area includes a section of the Broye plain and the surrounding hill country. The entire northern part of the municipality is taken up by the 4 km wide, intensely agriculturally used Broye plain; in the far north the area extends to the Petite Glâne . To the west of the city, the Grande Râpe ( 486  m above sea level ) and Petite Râpe also belong to Payerne, the north-eastern foothills of the hill country between Lake Neuchâtel and the central Broyetal. To the south of Payerne the municipality extends into the middle Broyetal and into the molasse hill country adjacent to it in the ice age. Here are the forests of Bois de Boulex ( 526  m above sea level ) and Les Tailles (up to 633  m above sea level ) and in between the wide valleys of the Bioleyre and the Motélon . The highest point of Payerne is 640  m above sea level. M. on the western slope of the Bois Girard . In 1997, 17% of the municipal area was in settlements, 15% in forests and woodlands, 66% in agriculture and around 2% was unproductive land.

Payerne includes the hamlets Corges ( 550  m above sea level ) on a hill east of the Broye valley , Etrabloz ( 495  m above sea level ) in the wide basin of the Bioleyre, Vers-chez-Perrin ( 522  m above sea level ) east of the Bois de Boulex, Vers-chez-Savary ( 554  m above sea level ) on the Motélon below the Creux de Nervaux valley section on the western edge of the Bois Girard and Les Invuardes ( 510  m above sea level ) on a hill southeast of the city. In addition, the large municipal area also includes numerous individual farms. Payerne's neighboring municipalities are Grandcour , Corcelles-près-Payerne and Trey in the canton of Vaud and Fétigny , Cugy , Estavayer , Montagny and Torny in the canton of Friborg .

Climate table

Payerne, 1981-2010
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     53   3 -3     47   5 -2     60   10 1     68   14th 3     90   19th 8th     90   22nd 11     88   25th 13     95   25th 13     84   20th 10     86   14th 6th     64   7th 1     66   4th -1 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source:

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Payerne, 1981-2010 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 3.0 4.9 10.1 14.1 18.8 22.3 25.2 24.5 19.7 14.1 7.3 3.8 O 14th Min. Temperature (° C) −2.5 −2.2 0.8 3.4 7.8 11.0 12.9 12.7 9.5 6.1 1.3 −1.2 O 5 Temperature (° C) 0.3 1.3 5.3 8.7 13.2 16.6 18.9 18.3 14.3 9.9 4.3 1.4 O 9.4 Precipitation ( mm ) 53 47 60 68 90 90 88 95 84 86 64 66 Σ 891 Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 1.7 3.0 4.6 5.6 6.2 7.4 8.0 7.3 5.6 3.5 2.0 1.4 O 4.7 Rainy days ( d ) 8.8 8.1 9.1 9.1 11.7 10.4 9.6 9.5 8.5 10.3 9.0 9.6 Σ 113.7 Humidity ( % ) 85 81 74 72 73 72 71 73 79 85 86 85 O 78 Source:

population

Population development
year	Residents
1850	3078
1900	5224
1910	5364
1930	4951
1950	5649
1960	6024
1970	6899
1980	6713
1990	7393
2000	7294

With 9,949 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2018) Payerne is one of the larger municipalities in the canton of Vaud. 83.1% of the residents are French-speaking, 4.7% Portuguese-speaking and 3.4% German-speaking (as of 2000). The population fluctuated in various ways over the course of the 20th century. Greater growth rates were recorded during the 1960s and 1980s. Today, the settlement area of ​​Payerne has almost completely merged with that of Corcelles-près-Payerne.

economy

Payerne is the regional economic center of the Broye plain and the center of an area that is strongly oriented towards agriculture. The town was therefore dominated by agriculture for a long time. Even today, more than 5% of the workforce work in the primary sector, while the secondary sector accounts for around 15% and the service sector for around 80% of the workforce.

Since the correction of the Broye in 1906, Payerne has had a large area of ​​fertile farmland in the plain north of the city. Mainly grain, tobacco, various vegetables and sugar beets are grown here. In the hilly southern part of the municipality there is not only agriculture, but also fruit growing and cattle breeding .

Until the first half of the 19th century, Payerne lived from handicrafts and trading in agricultural products. The industrialization took off around 1850 and intensified with the connection to the railway network by 1876. In recent decades, new commercial and industrial zones were created in the north and west of the city. There was a further economic boom with the continuous opening of the A1 motorway (Lausanne – Bern) in 2001. Today, the industry focuses on the processing of agricultural products and meat, the production of cigars, the construction industry (building materials), the transport industry and horticulture as well as electrical engineering, telecommunications and information technology. There are also numerous other small and medium-sized companies.

As an important regional center, Payerne performs numerous functions in the field of service. It is the seat of the city and district administration, the location of many banks and insurance companies and, since 1972, the regional hospital.

In Payerne , the Swiss Army also operates the Payerne military airfield, its most important military airfield , which is partly located in the area of ​​the neighboring communities of Bussy, Morens and Rueyres-les-Prés. The barracks have existed since 1897, and the meteorological station, a branch of the Federal Office for Meteorology and Climatology (MeteoSwiss), is located in the south of the city .

Education, culture and sport

Payerne is the location of the primary and secondary schools as well as a vocational school. In the summer of 2005 the Gymnase intercantonal de la Broye was opened, a high school for the students of Payerne and the surrounding villages in Vaud and Friborg.

The city has two museums, namely the museum in the abbey with a local history collection and the Museum of General Jomini and the Musée de l'aviation militaire de Payerne . The Fête des Brandons takes place every year on the Sunday before Ash Wednesday.

There are numerous leisure and sports facilities in Payerne, including a stadium, football and tennis courts, a swimming pool and a campsite. There is a golf course on the southeast side of the hill of Les Invuardes.

Another existing dirt jump hall burned down completely on November 26, 2011 - a cigarette butt in the foam pit was the cause of the fire.

traffic

Payerne station (1975)

Payerne is an important traffic junction in the Broyetal. It is located at the intersection of main road 1 from Bern to Lausanne and the main road from Friborg to Yverdon-les-Bains . The transit traffic today runs on bypass roads in the south and east of the city. The highway A1 Payerne reached 1997 (section Murten Payerne), the sequel to Yverdon-les-Bains, and the last section on the line Lausanne-Bern, opened the 2,001th

On August 25, 1876 Payerne was with the simultaneous opening of the railway lines connected Murten-Payerne-Palézieux and Payerne-Friborg to the Swiss railway network. Six months later, on February 1, 1877, the railway line from Payerne to Yverdon was inaugurated. Since 2004, Payerne has been the terminus of both the S5 of the Bern S-Bahn and the S21 REV of the Léman Express . Bus routes from Payerne to Romont , Combremont-le-Petit and Chevroux ensure the fine distribution of public transport .

history

11th century abbey church

The municipality of Payerne was already settled in Celtic times. A bronze-covered chariot and Etruscan gold rings were found in a burial mound.

The origin of the settlement Payerne goes back to the 3rd century AD, when the influential Roman Publius Gracius Paternus from Aventicum had the Villa Paternia built on the ground of today's city, around which a settlement developed over time. According to tradition, Bishop Marius von Avenches founded a church here in 587.

As a result, the settlement disappears from the history books for some time. It was first mentioned in 961 under the Latinized name Paterniacum , derived from the genealogical name Paternus. Later the names Paierno (1238) and Paerno (1242) appeared.

Since the 10th century, the history of Payerne has been closely linked to that of Payerne Abbey , which was annexed in 962 as one of the first daughter monasteries of the Reformed Abbey of Cluny . A fortified settlement developed around the Cluniac priory in the late 10th century and in the 11th century, which received city ​​rights in the late 12th century .

Aerial photo from 300 m by Walter Mittelholzer (1919)

With the conquest of Vaud in 1536, Payerne came under the rule of Bern. The Bernese set up the Payerne Governorate, which was administered by a Vogt and, in addition to the city of Payerne, also included the towns of Corcelles-près-Payerne , Missy , Trey and, as an exclave, Sassel . In the course of the Reformation , which was introduced by Bern in Vaud, the monks had to leave the monastery in 1536.

After the collapse of the Ancien Régime , Payerne belonged to the canton of Léman from 1798 to 1803 during the Helvetic Republic, which then became part of the canton of Vaud when the mediation constitution came into force . In 1798 it became the capital of the newly created Payerne district.

On April 16, 1942, the murder of the Jewish cattle dealer Arthur Bloch took place in Payerne . Five local admirers of Hitler and the Nazi Empire lured the 60-year-old cattle dealer from Bern into an ambush, instigated by the Vaudois National Socialist and anti-Semite Philippe Lugrin, a former pastor, killed him and dismembered his body; The perpetrators stowed the body parts in milk cans, which they then sunk in Lake Neuchâtel.

The "German" Protestant church La Cure allemande from 1898

Attractions

See also : List of cultural assets in Payerne

Tower (Tour Barraud) of the former city fortifications

Payerne has a historic old town that is well worth seeing with a picturesque medieval townscape. The city plan shows almost a square with a side length of around 300 m. Four towers from the 13th and 14th centuries still stand from the medieval city fortifications. Numerous town and patrician houses from the 17th to 19th centuries have been preserved.

The center of the old town is the former Notre-Dame abbey church from the 11th century. To the east of the abbey church is the Reformed parish church, which was probably built in the 13th and 14th centuries over the foundations of the chapel of Bishop Marius. The three-aisled Gothic building was redesigned in the 16th century and has housed the tomb of the Burgundian Queen Berta of Alemannia (* around 907, † after 966) since 1818 .

Also in the center of the old town, next to the Reformed parish church, is the late Gothic courthouse, which was built from 1571–72 and has Renaissance paintings on various court topics in the courtroom . Also of note are two fountains, the standard-bearer fountain and the Serruriers fountain, both with figures from the early 16th century.

Flight day

In September 1991 and 2004 one of the largest military air shows in Europe took place at the nearby military airfield . At the AIR04 Payerne 2004 there was an overflight of five military aerobatic teams in the association, which was a record. On 30 and 31 August and 6 and 7 September 2014 took place in Payerne 100th, 50th and 25th anniversary of the Swiss Air Force, the Patrouille Suisse and the PC-7 Team the Air14 instead. In 2014, it was the largest airshow in Europe.

Personalities

• Wilhelm Fabry von Hilden (1560–1634), most important German-speaking surgeon and founder of scientific surgery, city surgeon von Payerne from 1602 to 1615
• Antoine-Henri Jomini (1779–1869), military theorist and historian
• Léon Savary (1895–1968), writer and journalist
• Jacqueline Veuve (1930–2013), documentary filmmaker and ethnologist
• Jacques Chessex (1934–2009), writer
• Gilbert Kaenel (1949–2020), prehistoric
• Jean Arcelin (born 1962), painter
• Mathieu Rebeaud (* 1982), freestyle motocross rider

Web links

Further content in the sister projects of Wikipedia:
	Commons	- multimedia content
	Wikisource	- Sources and full texts

• Official website of the municipality of Payerne (French)
• Gilbert Marion: Payerne (parish). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Aerial photos of Payerne and its surroundings

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 . 
2. ↑ Demandeurs d'emploi, chômeurs et taux de chômage par commune. ( XLS , 115 kB) Statistique Vaud, Département des finances et des relations extérieures (Statistics Vaud, Department of Finance and Foreign Affairs), accessed on June 14, 2015 (French). 
3. ↑ Climate table. In: meteoschweiz.admin.ch. meteoschweiz, accessed on June 1, 2018 . 
4. ↑ 100 years of the Swiss Air Force - 1914–2014 - AIR 14 PAYERNE SUISSE. (No longer available online.) In: lw.admin.ch. Archived from the original on May 6, 2016 ; Retrieved September 28, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.