Tilemann Hesshus

Tilemann Hesshus (also: Heßhusen, Heshusius, Hesshusen, Heshusen ; born November 3, 1527 in Wesel , † September 25, 1588 in Helmstedt ) was a Lutheran theologian .

Life

Hesshus comes from an influential family in Wesel. In Wittenberg he became Philipp Melanchthon's pupil and was close to him as such. During the time of the Augsburg interim , he stayed in Oxford and Paris . In 1550 he acquired the academic degree of a master's degree , in 1551 he was accepted into the senate of the philosophical faculty and read about rhetoric and dogmatics. In 1553 he became superintendent in Goslar , acquired a doctorate in Wittenberg at the city's expense on May 19 of the same year , but got into a dispute with the city of Goslar and in 1556 went to Rostock University as a professor .

There was also a dispute over Sunday weddings. In 1557 Melanchthon secured him the appointment as General Superintendent of the Palatinate in Heidelberg . There he got into a serious conflict with Wilhelm Klebitz in the context of the Last Supper dispute in 1559 . Elector Friedrich III. put him and Klebitz down, and Melanchthon agreed with him. In Bremen , too , he appeared as a " Gnesiolutheran " against Albert Hardenberg's " crypto-calvinist " doctrine of the Lord's Supper . From Magdeburg he wrote answers to his opponents and tried to enforce the strictest Lutheranism. There was violent commotion and Hesshus was expelled.

Even his hometown Wesel refused him asylum. Count Palatine Wolfgang gave him the position of superintendent in Neuburg an der Donau , after whose death Hesshus went to Jena as a professor in October 1569 . There he took the position that, in addition to word and sacrament, obedience to office was one of the characteristics of the church. Therefore, he fought Jacob Andreae , Victorin Strigel , Matthias Flacius and everyone who operated the Lutheran agreement.

When, after the death of Duke Johann Wilhelm I in 1573, the Saxon Elector August took over the administration of Saxe-Weimar , around 100 pastors had to leave the country. Hesshus and Johann Wigand went to Königsberg . There Hesshus was installed as Bishop of Samland in 1573 , but when Wigand opposed him, he was dismissed from the office. Martin Chemnitz helped him to a professorship in Helmstedt . At the Herzberg convention in 1578 he was right against Wigand after he had confessed to the concord formula .

family

Hesshus married Anna von Bert (1533–1564) in Goslar in 1553 . She was the daughter of the mayor of Wesel Wessel von Bert († 1541). The couple had three sons and three daughters, including:

• Gottfried (1554 in Goslar; † 1625 in Minden), court preacher and superintendent in Aurich , then in Minden ⚭ 1582 Rebecca Speckhan (daughter of the Bremen Senator Erich Speckhan )
• Heinrich (* 1556 in Rostock; † October 15, 1597 in Hildesheim (Pest)), Superintendent in Gräfentonna and Hildesheim ⚭ Gesa Hesichia († September 15, 1597)
• Anna († April 10, 1600) ⚭ October 12, 1579 in Helmstedt with Johannes Olearius (1546–1623) superintendent in Halle

After her death on February 4, 1566 in Gera, he married Barbara Musaeus (1550-?), The daughter of the theologian Simon Musaeus and his wife Margarete Adelhäuser . They probably had two sons:

• Theodore
• Tilemann (* Königsberg) matriculated April 29, 1581 Uni. Helmstedt

literature

• Peter F. Barton: About Luther's legacy. Studies and texts on the late Reformation TH (research z. KG 6). Witten 1972.
• Wolfgang Klose: The Wittenberger Scholar's Studbook: the studbook of Abraham Ulrich (1549-1577) and David Ulrich (1580-1623) , Mitteldt. Verl., Halle, 1999, ISBN 3-932776-76-3
• Real Encyclopedia for Protestant Theology and Church , Volume 8, Page 8
• Heinz Scheible: Melanchthon's correspondence persons 12 Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt 2005 ISBN 3-7728-2258-4
• Peter Aufgebauer : Heßhusen (also Heshusius, Hesshus, Hessus), Tilemann . In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck, Dieter Lent u. a. (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon: 8th to 18th century . Appelhans, Braunschweig 2006, ISBN 3-937664-46-7 , p. 347f.
• Wilhelm Gaß :  Hesshusen, Tilemann . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1880, pp. 314-316.
• Robert Dollinger:  Hesshus (en), Tilemann. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1972, ISBN 3-428-00190-7 , p. 24 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz :  HESSHUS (Heßhusen), Tilemann. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 2, Bautz, Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-032-8 , Sp. 789-791.

Web links

• Literature by and about Tilemann Hesshus in the catalog of the German National Library
• Works by and about Tilemann Hesshus  in the German Digital Library

Individual evidence

1. ^ Daniel Gehre: Ernestine denominational policy. Confession formation, rule consolidation and dynastic identity establishment from the Augsburg Interim 1548 to the Concord Formula 1577. (= work on the history of church and theology 34) . 1st edition Evangelische Verlagsanstalt Leipzig, Leipzig 2011, ISBN 978-3-374-02857-3 , pp. 340 f .
2. ^ Hans-Peter Hasse: Censorship of theological books in Electoral Saxony in the confessional age. Studies on the literary and religious policy of the Electoral Saxony in the years 1569 to 1575. (= works on the history of the church and theology 5) . Evangelische Verlagsanstalt Leipzig, Leipzig 2000, ISBN 3-374-01748-7 , p. 73, note 16 .
3. ↑ ^{a b} Michaël Halvorson, Heinrich Heshusius and Confessional Polemic in Early Lutheran Orthodoxy , p. 211.
4. ↑ Michaël Halvorson, Heinrich Heshusius and Confessional Polemic in Early Lutheran Orthodoxy , p. 35.

predecessor	Office	successor
Joachim Moerlin	Bishop of Samland 1571 - 1577	Dissolution of the diocese