Johannes Heurnius

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Johannes Heurnius

Johannes Heurnius (Latinized), otherwise also: Johann (van) Heurne and Jan van Heurne (born February 4, 1543 in Utrecht ; † August 11, 1601 in Leiden ), was a Dutch physician.

Life

Johannes Heurnius came from a handsome family. His father was Otto Hornes, son of the wine merchant Jean Hornes, born in 1479, who was slain in the war against the Turks in 1524. His mother Gertrud van Velsen was the daughter of Lambert van Velsen and his wife Elisabeth Rijck. Little hope was placed in him in his youth, as he could only read at the age of ten and at fourteen he barely mastered the rules of grammar. But soon he was able to overcome his initial weakness at the Hieronymus School in Utrecht. So at the age of eighteen he was able to move into the University of Leuven , where he stayed with Andreas van Gennep (also: Balenus, 1484–1568) and Cornelius Gemma (1534 / 35-12 October 1579 in Leuven), with whom he lived Studied medical sciences, mathematics and philosophical sciences.

Two years later he moved to Paris, where he studied medicine for three years with Louis Duret (1527–1586) and Petrus Ramus . From there he moved to Italy, where he followed the lectures of Girolamo Capivaccio (also: Hieronymus Capo di Vacca; 1523–1586), Girolamo Mercuriale and Girolamo Fabrizio at the University of Padua . Heurnius received his doctorate in medicine there in 1571. Then he was for two years the personal physician of the young Count of Cantecroix François Perrenot de Granvelle (1555-1606), a relative of Cardinal Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle . Probably for religious reasons, since he had adopted the reformed Calvinist faith, he returned to Utrecht in 1573, where he worked as a general practitioner. Here he married Christina Beiers († 1603), who came from a patrician family, with whom he was to have seven sons and four daughters.

On September 9, 1581 he was appointed professor of medicine at the University of Leiden, which he took up on November 7 of the same year and read about Institutiones Medicae. The content of his academic lectures and all of his writings were compiled as "Opera omnia, tam ad theoriam quam ad praann medicam spectantia" (Leyden 1609; 1658) by his son Otto Heurnius (1577-1652) and include the medical knowledge of his time, except anatomy and other auxiliary sciences. As a great supporter of Hippocrates of Kos and his teaching, he had published an annotated edition of Hippocrates. He had also worked on Galenos . However, his works provide little information about what is based on his own observations. A large number of manuscripts were only published after his death.

In addition, his ratings at witch trials are known. He also took part in the organizational tasks of the Leiden University and was rector of the Alma Mater in 1583, 1584, 1592, 1593, 1599 and 1600 . In Leiden he had made friends especially with Franz Junius the Elder , Hugo Donellus and Justus Lipsius . In 1588 he refused an appointment as professor at the University of Franeker. He became the personal physician of William I of Orange , Moritz of Orange and Emilia of Orange-Nassau .

He died of a stone condition that he had struggled with for two years.

Works (selection)

  • De naturâ et praesagio horrendi Cometae, qui anno MD LXXVII orbem terrarum terruit.
  • D. Thomae Aquinatis Secreta Alchimiae magnalia de corporibus supercaelestibus, quod in rebus inferioribus inveniantur, quoque modo extraantur: de lapide minerali, animali et plantali: item thesaurus Alchemiae secretissimus, quem dedit fratri suo Reinaldo. Johannis de Rupe-scissâ liber Lucis. Et Raymundi Lullii opus, quod inscribitur Clavicula, et Apertorium, sine quo alii sui libri intelligi nequeunt. Omnia operâ Danielis Brouckhuisii in lucem edita. 1579.
  • Practice medicinae nova ratio; quâ libris tribus Methodi ad praxim Medicam aditus facillimus aperitur, ad omnes morbos curandos. Leiden 1567, 1590, 1599, 1609.
  • Institutiones Medicinae. Accessit modus ratioque studendi eorum qui Medicinae operam dicârunt. Leiden 1592, Hanover 1593, Leiden 1596, 1609, etc.
  • De studio medicinae bene instituendo, met Hugo Grotii et aliorum Dissertationes de studiis instituendis. Amsterdam 1645, Utrecht 1651.
  • De morbis qui in singulis partibus humani capitis insidere consueverunt. Hic artificiosâ methodo, incredibili facilitate, Morborum ideae, causae, et cujusque causae morbificae, partesque aegrae signa, prognoses, curatio rationalis empyrica graphicè discribuntur. Leiden 1594, 1609.
  • Hippocratis Coi Prolegomena et Prognosticorum libri tres; cum paraphrasticâ versione et brevibus commentariis. Leiden 1597, 1603.
  • Prolegomena aantreft zijn Jusjurandum; de Medico; Lex; de arte; de veteri Medicina; de Elegantia; Praeceptiones; de Carnibus, sive principiis; de Purgatoriis remediis.
  • Hippocratis Aphorismi, Prognostica, Prorrhetica, Coacae praenotiones, aliaque decem opuscula, Graecè et Latinè, pleraque ex interpretatione J. Heurnii. Suffering 1627.
  • Hippocratis Coi Aphorismi, Graecè et Latinè; brevi enarratione, fidâque interpretatione ita illustrati, ut ab omnibus facile intelligi possint, cum historits, observationibus, cautionibus et remediis selectis. Leiden 1601, 1609, 1623, 1638, 1690; The Hague, 1664; Leipzig and Jena 1677.
  • De Febribus liber. Suffering 1598.
  • De peste liber. Suffering 1600.
  • De morbis oculorum, aurium, nasi, dentium et oris, liber editus post mortem autoris from ejus filio Othone Heurnio. Suffering 1602.
  • Johannes Heurnii Opera omnia, tam ad theoriam, quam ad praxin medicam spectantia, from Othone Heurmo in duos tomos distributa ac edita. Suffering 1609.

literature

Web links

Commons : Johannes Heurnius  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ I. Heurnii Ultraiectini Institutiones Medicinae. Edited by Otto Heurne, ex officina Plantiniana Raphelengii, Leiden 1609.
  2. ^ Hippocratis Coi Aphorismi, graece et latine. Brevi narratione, fidaque interpretatione, ita illustrati, ut ab omnibus facile intelligi possint. Cum historiis, observationibus, cautionibus et remedii selectis a Johanne Heurnio. Juxte exemplar, Leiden 1690.
personal data
SURNAME Heurnius, Johannes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Johann van Heurne
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch medic
DATE OF BIRTH February 4, 1543
PLACE OF BIRTH Utrecht
DATE OF DEATH August 11, 1601
Place of death Suffer