Mathijs Wier

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Mathijs Wier (also Matthias, Matthes, Mattaeus Weyer ; * 1520 or 1521 probably in Grave on the Maas in North Brabant ; † April 25, 1560 in Wesel ) was a merchant and mystic who worked on the Lower Rhine .

Life

Coat of arms of the Weyer family, 1593

Mathijs Wier was the youngest brother of the doctor and opponent of the witch hunt Johann Weyer (1516–1588). Her parents are the merchant Theodor (Dirk) Wier (Wierus) and his wife Agnes Rhordam (both † before 1566). However, the grave slab of Mathijs' nephew Dietrich von Weyer († 1604) names the coats of arms of the four grandparents with the names "Weier, Wintgen, Bocksmer" and "Denholt", so that the name of Dietrich's paternal grandmother is "Agnes Boxmeer " or "Agnes ten Holt" was and Theodor Wier had another marriage.

Mathijs Wiers other siblings were Arnt (Arnold) Wyer († after 1577) in Moers , kitchen master (not "cook") of Count Hermann von Neuenahr (1520–1578), and Anna Wier (* before 1540; † after 1582), who second wife of Karl von Utenhove d. Ä. (* around 1500; † 1580), of the Lord of Merckeghem , whom he married before 1562. In 1573 Dietrich von Weyer referred to the "Her von Merckhem" as his "Ohem" . In 1574 land was transferred to “Anna Wyer, Frau des Herr von Merkegem” in the court of Kellen , and in 1582 a farm in Waldniel was pledged to “Anna Wijer, Widow van Merchgem”.

Mathijs Wier and his brother Arnd lived for a while as "aanzienlijke kooplieden (= important merchants)" in Antwerp , later Mathijs Wier lived in Wesel. He wrote several literary letters to his brother “lieue Johan” or “aen zijn Broeder D. Jan W.”, to brother Arnd Wijer and to his sister, to whom he also wrote a farewell letter 9 days before his death.

Wier stood in the mystical tradition of Johannes Tauler († 1361), he mentions the imitation of Christ by Thomas von Kempen († 1471) as well as the Theologia German and was associated with Reformation theology. He took his own stand against other contemporaries who were influenced by mystic and spiritualism , and he did not sympathize with the Anabaptists or the Schwenkfeldians . He denied, among other things, the views of the Mennonite Dirk Philips (1504–1568) on penance and rebirth or the call to the " love brotherhood " ("house of love") that Heinrich Niclaes (* 1501; † around 1580) propagated. However, a critical remark about David Joris († 1556) and a further mention of Heinrich Niclaes were only added later by the editors into the High German and Latin editions of his works. Originally, “huydens-daechs… dwael-gheesten / today's day… Irrgeister” were mentioned in the appropriate place without specific names. In one of his letters, Wier dealt with the Frankfurt disputation on free will and predestination , which was conducted in September 1556 between Johannes Calvin , Robert Horne († 1579), Johannes a Lasco and Justus Velsius (1502–1582). He distinguished himself from both Calvin and Velsius.

Wier was convinced that man must always repent: Absolute sinlessness cannot be acquired in this life. The goal of union with God (“rebirth”) is reached through the stages of - external and internal - purification, which is connected with asceticism, the withering away of the creatures (the “flesh”) and suffering and leads to enlightenment. "And then in free serenity , shawt, know and love God himself in us".

Mathijs Wier died at the age of 39 after a serious illness, possibly influenced by psychosomatic factors, leaving behind his wife and small children. His sayings and writings were collected by his "housemate", the " boy companion " Johann (Jan) Spe († 1561) "of noble family". Johann Spe - probably a close relative of Friedrich Spee von Langenfeld - gave the manuscript to mutual friends on his deathbed in 1561.

The texts were published for the first time in 1563 by Pieter Overd'hage and in 1569 by Dirck Mullem and printed in Wesel in the Lower Franconian language . A particular synod of the Reformed Church of South Holland, which met on August 2, 1594 in Rotterdam , called on Pieter Overd'hage 30 years later to sign up for the printing and distribution of the book of the "gheestdrÿvers (= enthusiast ) M. Wieri “To be responsible. Overd'hage then distanced himself in writing from the book, which he had not previously understood as if man were so transformed into God that he lost his natural being.

Effect on Spiritualism and Pietism

Jan Theunisz (* 1569; † 1635/40), dismissed as a Mennonite from a professorship for Arabic at the University of Leiden in 1613 , knew the work of “Matth. Wyertsz. ”And saw in him a kindred spirit of Hans de Ries , with whom he himself had fallen out. Dierick Philipsz. Schabaelje (* around 1590, † around 1622), Jan Philipsz. Schabaelje (1592–1656), Pieter Pietersz. (1574-1651) and their followers, who formed a mystical-spiritualistic circle in Amsterdam , were ridiculed by Theunisz in 1627 because of their alleged enthusiasm as "Iesuytsche ofte Matthijas Wyaerdsche secte ofte Kercke (= Jesuit or Matthijas-Wyaerdsche sect or church)" . Jan Philipsz. Schabaelje reissued the Grondelicke Onderrichting Wiers in 1652 .

The Pietist hymn poet Johann Jakob Schütz , who dealt intensively with “Matthias Weyer's” work in Frankfurt am Main, sent his work to Pierre Poiret in Hamburg in 1676 ; In 1677 he suggested the printing of a French translation of the thorough briefing made by Antoine Grèlot (Grèslot) († 1678) . Poiret included a section on "Matthaeus Weierus" in his Bibliotheca Mysticorum . He called Job and David , Matthias Weyer and Johannes von Kreuz “the four evangelists of divine cleansing”. In his French translation of the Theologia deutsch , which first appeared in 1676, Poirot added a Lettre sur la Régénération (= letter about rebirth) from Mennonite Mayken Hendriks (Marie Henrics) to Isabelle de Wardenbourg in 1700 . He saw in it a summary of the Weyer's path ( Epitome viae Weyerianae ). The letter was originally written in Dutch around 1640 and was reprinted in 1677 in the Dutch new edition of a book by the Labadist Heinrich Schlüter (1647–1675) from Wesel.

Philipp Jacob Spener , one of the best-known representatives of Pietism , viewed the writings of Matthäus Weyer that he had read rather skeptically. He was not sure whether Weyer should be counted among the mystics ( mystici autores ). Gottfried Arnold took up Wier's remarks on Velsius with approval. He called "Matthias Weyer ... a living picture of the character Johannis - Cruce ". The mystic and spiritualist Johann Georg Gichtel in Amsterdam , Arnold was among his circle of friends to 1701, Weyer looked critical: "those who from the doctrine of predestination be disputed," were his writings poison ( venenum ), "Serenity" have in Fight no place, at best in suffering. Apart from the collection of letters and sayings, nothing more is known of him. The Gichtelian Johann Wilhelm Überfeld (1659–1731) also referred in 1704 to “Matthias Weyer, who worked until his end in the strict gates of the deep” and “the rebirth through fear fire, and by no means assumed by heart… to the breakthrough into the light ”. Eberhard Ludwig Gruber , a radical pietist , saw in "Matthäus Weyher" a model of the close observation of "the friendly voice of God in himself". During a search in the Tübingen Abbey , works by Gruber, Mathijs Wier, Jakob Böhme , Gottfried Arnold, Jeanne-Marie Bouvier de La Motte Guyon and Antoinette Bourignon were found on a scholarship holder suspected of separatism .

From Valentin Ernst Löscher , a representative of the Lutheran Orthodoxy , Wier was differentiated, but critically. His assessment, which was literally included in Zedler's Complete Universal Lexicon of All Sciences and Arts , was effective for a long time until Mathis Wier of Johann Arnold Kanne and the private lecturer Eduard Simons (1855-1922), later professor of practical theology in Marburg and Bonn, was rediscovered.

Works

Collection of letters

  • A korth vnde grondtlick report, wt etlicken brieuen MW Om dead the godtsalicheit tidy tho came . o. O. [after 1560; 1568?]
    • Grondelycke onderrichtinghe van veelen Highly important articuln, dead of Weedergheboorte seer dynstelyck . Dierick Mullem, Wesel 1569
    • Grondelicke Onderrichtinghe, van veelen Hoochwichtighen Articulen, eenen yegelycken die tot Reyniginge zynre Sunden, end in the niegheboorte begheert te comen, seer dienstelyck. Door the hooch-van Godt-Verlichten M. W. met zynen vrienden, bekenden ende bywoonderen tot verscheyden tyden soo writelick as mondelick ghehandelt ende wtghesproken. Frankfurt am Main [= Harmen Jansz. Muller, Amsterdam] 1579 ( Google Books )
    • (Reprint) Grondelijcke Onderrichtinghe, van veelen Hoochwichtighen Articulen, eenen yeghelijcken die tot reyniginghe zijnre probes, end in the niegheboorte begheert te comen, seer dienstelijck. Door the hooch-van Godt-Verlichten M. W. met synen vrienden, confessed end bywoonderen tot verscheyden tijden so Schriftelijck traded as mondelijck end wtghesproocken. Dierick Mullem, o. O. [Vianen 1584] ( Google Books )
  • (High German translation) Thorough instruction of many very important articles ... Friedrich Weiß, Frankfurt am Main 1633

Collection of sayings in three "books"

  • (lost) … Boeck the Sprocken… . Dierick Mullem, Wesel [around 1569]
    • (Reprint) Dat Boeck der Sproecken Inhoudende veel schone onderwijsingen, hoe een yegelijck tot reynighinghe synder probes end om tot die niegheboorte te comen hem send sal . Door M [atthijs] W. Dierick Mullem, o. O. [Vianen 1584] ( Google Books )
  • (High German translation) Drey books of oral speeches or sayings . Friedrich Weiß, Frankfurt am Main 1633
  • (English translation) The narrow path of divine truth described from living practice and experience of its three great steps . Ben Clark, London 1683

Overprint of both works

  • Eyn kort report vm to come dead the were Gehoor desz levendigen Woirdtsz Gotsz, vnde so dead the Erkentenisse vn [de] Vrymakunge van the essential waarheyt doer sterven ande underganck our gantser natures . Al betuiget vn [de] with warnings jn korten jaren herwaerts wtgesproken vn [de] refer mainly to a godfruchtigen minsch, alsz now storuen in the here… Eynssdeils wt synen nagelaten letters veined, one wt synen own moon heard from ] trauwelick angeteykent. Vnde nu laatst al jn Hooftarticulen by A. B. C. gestalt… Jtem eyne Bekantenisse, how dat one may come to death Heylicheit, Waarheit, Wijsheit vn [de] goddelicke justice , scream to a student dead Heydelbergen… P. H. G. [= eyd Hyperphragmus Gandavensis = Over- Pieter Anastasius = Over- Pieter Anastasius 'hage de Zuttere], o. O. [Wesel] 1563
    • Grondelicke Onderrichting tot de Ware Weder-Gheboorte; Consent in your own sendt-brieven, en Mondelinge chaff . Eertijts Gedaen for the Hooghverlicht Mathys Wyers. Since sijn doot fermented, en not given light ..., ed. by Jan Philipsz. Schabaelje. Tymon Houthaeck, Amsterdam 1652
  • (High German translation) Thorough instruction of many very important articles, everyone who desires to cleanse his sins and to come into repayment, very professional . Through MATTHES WEYER, whom God shined brightly, with his friends, acquaintances and housemates at different times, so in writing - acted orally as spoken and spoken. Everything brought together after his death, and given to the day ... Except Dutch Anno 1579. Translated into German at Franckfurt. (In it as the second part :) Drey books of oral speeches or sayings . Friedrich Weiß, Frankfurt am Main 1633
    • ... Itzo but printed for the next time. 2nd edition Henrich Betkius, Amsterdam 1658 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich), ( Google Books )
    • ... The second time printed in Amsterdam, by Henrico Betkio, 1658, but now ... for the third time in print. 3rd edition Frankfurt am Main 1710
    • The man who was highly enlightened by God MATTHES WEYERS ingenious writings, containing a thorough instruction of many important articles; To everyone who desires to be born again, of service; As a living exercise in mystical theology . Now published for the fourth time, along with a complete register of the matters that have occurred. 4th edition o. O. [Johann Friedrich Regelein, Frankfurt am Main / Leipzig] 1720 ( digitized version of the Lower Saxony State and University Library Göttingen)
    • 5th edition Johann Friedrich Regelein, Frankfurt am Main / Leipzig 1732
    • (Revision) Johann Arnold Kanne (Ed.): Matthes Weyer's ingenious, oral sayings concerning the interior of Christianity for those who want to continue ... Revised . Monath & Kußler, Nürnberg / Altdorf 1817 (reprint Saur, Munich 1997)
  • (Latin translation) Theologiae mysticae Triumq [ue] illius Viarum, purgativae, illuminativae atq [ue] unitivae Praxis viva… sive… Effatorum libri tres… Quibus adjectae sunt ejusdem Autoris Epistolae practicae , ed. by Johannes Spee. Henrich Betkius, Amsterdam 1658 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich), ( Google-Books ), ( Google-Books )

literature

  • Gottfried Arnold : Unparty Church and Heretic History , Vol. III. Fritsch, Frankfurt am Main 1729, pp. 16–21 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library, Munich)
  • Johann Heinrich Zedler : Weyer or Weier, (Matthias) . In: Large complete universal encyclopedia of all sciences , Vol. LV. Zedler, Halle / Leipzig 1748, Sp. 1175–1177 ( digitized from the Bavarian State Library, Munich)
  • Christiaan Sepp: Kerkhistorische Studiën . Brill, Leiden 1885, pp. 139–142 ( Google Books )
  • Carl Binz : Doctor Johann Weyer, a Rhenish doctor, the first fighter against the witch madness. A contribution to the history of the Enlightenment and medicine. 2nd ed. Hirschwald, Berlin 1896 (reprints Sendet, Wiesbaden 1969 and Arno Press, New York 1975) ( digitized in the Internet Archive)
  • Eduard Simons: Matthes Wier, a mystic from the time of the Reformation . In: Theological works from the Rhenish scientific preachers' association . New series 9 (1907), pp. 30-49
  • Sjouke Voolstra: Innerlijk en uiterlijk vertoon van Christ. De verhouding tussen spiritualisme en doperdom toegelicht aan de hand van de reactie van Matthijs Weijer (1521–1561) op een tractaat over de niegeboorte van Dirk Philips (1504–1568) . In: Karel Adriaan Deurloo, Alle Gabe Hoekema (ed.): Van masker tot aangezicht. Opstellen over bijbelse, theologische en kerkelijke confrontaties . Ten Have, Baarn 1997, pp. 53-71
    • (reprinted in :) Sjouke Voolstra: Beeldenstormer uit bewogenheid . Verloren, Hilversum 2005, pp. 91–103 ( Google Books ; limited preview)
  • Gwendolyn Verbraak: De lijdensweg van een zestiende-eeuwse mysticus. Een onderzoek naar mystieke en protestantse denkbeelden in het Werk van Matthias Weyer (approx. 1521–1560) . (diss. phil.). Amsterdam 2001
  • Gary K. Waite: Radical Religion and the Medical Profession. The Spiritualist David Joris and the Brothers Weyer (Wier) . In: Hans-Jürgen Goertz, James M. Stayer (Ed.): Radikalität und Dissent im 16. Jahrhundert / Radicalism and dissent in the sixteenth century . (Journal for Historical Research. Supplement 27). Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2002, pp. 167–185 ( Google Books ; limited preview), ( digitized from Acadamia)
  • Piet Visser: Schabaliana. A bibliographical information about the work of Dierick and Jan Philipsz Schabaelje . In: Doopsgezinde Bijdragen 28 (2002), 173–210, esp. P. 176f ( PDF from Doopsgezinde Historische Kring)
  • Tünde Beatrix Karnitscher: The forgotten spiritualist Johann Theodor von Tschesch (1595–1649) . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2015, p. 273 f. ( Google Books ; limited preview)
  • Yvonne Brunk :  Weyer (Weier), Matthes. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 16, Bautz, Herzberg 1999, ISBN 3-88309-079-4 , Sp. 1546-1548.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d The 10th letter and letter of April 16, 1560 to his sister "A ...". In: Mathijs Wijer: Grondelijcke Onderrichtinghe van veelen hoochwichtighen Articulen . Dirck Mullem, o. O. [Vianen] 1584, p. 25 f. and p. 60; see. Sjouke Voolstra: Beeldenstormer uit bewogenheid . Verloren, Hilversum 2005, especially pp. 95-103.
  2. ↑ a b cf. Johann Weyer: De praestigiis Daemonum . Johannes Oporinus, Basel 1566, p. 100: “cum fratribus Arnoldo & Matthia”; German edition Basel 1565, p. 137 ( Google Books ).
  3. ↑ Cf. Carl Binz: Doctor Johann Weyer, a Rhenish doctor, the first fighter of the witch madness. A contribution to the German cultural history of the 16th century. In: Zeitschrift des Bergisches Geschichtsverein 21 (1885), pp. 1–171, esp. P. 6, among others
  4. ↑ Melchior Adam: Ioannes VViervs . In: Vitae Germanorum medicorum. Jonas Rosen, Frankfurt am Main; Georgius Geyder, Heidelberg 1620, p. 218 ( digitized version of the Mannheim University Library), named after De praestigiis Daemonum . Basel 1563, p. 88; Basel 1566, p. 100 ( Google-Books ; German edition Basel 1565, p. 137 ( Google-Books ) only the first names Theodorus and Agneta of the parents; the father traded in hops ( lupulus ; Basel 1563, p. 88; Basel 1565 , P. 137).
  5. ↑ Cf. Rüdiger Fuchs: The inscriptions of the city of Worms . (German inscriptions. Mainzer series 2). Reichert, Wiesbaden 1991, No. 609, p. 434 f., Cf. P. 574 and p. 577.
  6. ↑ See Hof ten Holt and Ten Holtweg in the municipality of Gassel near Grave.
  7. ↑ See letter from Arnt Wier to Maria von Nassau of December 18, 1568; Nationaal Huis Bergh (Regest No. 5979).
  8. ↑ See Johann Weyer: Tractatus de commentitiis ieiuniis . Oporinus, Basel 1577 = De lamiis , Basel edition 1582, col. 109-137, esp. Col. 116 f. ( Google Books ); German edition Frankfurt am Main 1586, p. 78 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  9. ↑ Cf. Regest of a document dated October 12, 1562 in: Ottomar Friedrich Kleine, Heinrich Averdunk: Das Stadtarchiv zu Duisburg . In: Annals of the Historical Association for the Lower Rhine, in particular the Old Archdiocese of Cologne 59 (1894), pp. 171–229, especially p. 227 ( Google Books ; limited preview); Carl Binz: Doctor Johann Weyer, a Rhenish doctor, the first fighter against the witch madness. A contribution to the history of the Enlightenment and medicine. 2nd edition Hirschwald, Berlin 1896, p. 178 f.
  10. ^ Cf. Leonard Wilson Forster: Charles Utenhove and Germany (1971). In: Small writings on German literature in the 17th century (supplements to Daphnis 1). Rodopi, Amsterdam 1977, p. 88 ( Google Books ): “apparently a relation of Johannes Wierus”.
  11. ↑ See letter from Karl von Utenhove the Elder. Ä. to Jan van Utenhove (1516–1566) on September 4, 1562 from Friemersheim . In: Jan Hendrick Hessels: Epistvlae et tractatvs cvm Reformationis tvm Ecclesiae Londino-Batavae historiam illvstrantes (1544-1622) , Vol. II. (Ecclesiae Londino-Batavae Archivum 3). Typis Acodemiae, Cambridge 1897, no. 67, pp. 205–207, especially p. 206 ( digitized version): "Vxor mea ... salutem optat plurimam".
  12. ^ Letter of May 31, 1573 from Wesel to Count Johann VI. (1536–1606) and Ludwig von Nassau-Dillenburg (1538–1574). In: Jacob van Wesenbeeck (ed.): Archives ou correspondance inédite de la maison d'Orange-Nassau, Vol. I / 4 1572–1574. S. and J. Luchtmans, Leiden 1837, pp. 133-143, especially p. 143 ( Google Books ).
  13. ^ Regest of a document dated August 31, 1574; State archive NRW, Dept. Rhineland Duisburg (family archive Haus Aldenhoven, certificate 13).
  14. ↑ Cf. Nationaal Archief Den Haag (collection “Matenesse, van”, Eigendommen en bezittingen, Niel, no. No.).
  15. ↑ Johannes Wier, complained as the ijsbreker tegen de leer der vooroordeelen, because of the Duivel, de Duivelskunsten, Tooverijen en Heksenprocessen . In: Jacobus Scheltema (Ed.): Geschied- En Letterkundig Mengelwerk 4.1 (1825), pp. 177–251, esp. P. 249 ( digitized version of the Austrian National Library Vienna)
  16. ↑ The 16th letter to his "Oom / Ohm (= uncle, close male relative)", which is likely to come from the Wesel period, is dated 1552, the "coopmanschappen / Kauffmanschaff" is also mentioned here; Mathijs Wijer: Grondelijcke Onderrichtinghe van veelen high-important articules . Dirck Mullem, o. O. [Vianen] 1584, p. 34.
  17. ↑ The 17th, 21st – 22nd, 29th, 35th letter and eight subsequent cleyne letters . In: Mathijs Wijer: Grondelijcke Onderrichtinghe van veelen hoochwichtighen Articulen . Dirck Mullem, op. [Vianen] 1584, pp. 34f., 41-45, 52 and 57-60; Eduard Simons: Matthes Wier, a mystic from the time of the Reformation . In: Theological works from the Rhenish scientific preachers' association . New series 9 (1907), pp. 30-49.
  18. ↑ 23-27 , 30th letters , pp. 46–50 and p. 52 f.
  19. ↑ Dat Boeck the Sprocken . Dierick Mullem, o. O. [Vianen 1584], p. 52 ( Google Books ); Sjouke Voolstra: Beeldenstormer uit bewogenheid . Verloren, Hilversum 2005, p. 94 note 3.
  20. ↑ Christiaan Sepp: Kerkhistorische Studiën . Brill, Leiden 1885, pp. 140 and 142.
  21. ↑ The 21st letter . In: Mathijs Wijer: Grondelijcke Onderrichtinghe van veelen hoochwichtighen Articulen . Dirck Mullem, op. [Vianen] 1584, pp. 41-43.
  22. ↑ The 22nd to 24th letters . In: Mathijs Wijer: Grondelijcke Onderrichtinghe van veelen hoochwichtighen Articulen . Dirck Mullem, op. [Vianen] 1584, pp. 43-47.
  23. ↑ Thorough briefing . Edition Henrich Betkius, Amsterdam 1658, p. 331; see. P. 181 and ö.
  24. ↑ Theologiae mysticae… Praxis viva . Amsterdam 1658, p. 159.
  25. ↑ Dat boeck of the sprocken . Dierick Mullem, op. [Vianen 1584], p. 85.
  26. ↑ The 20th letter to “A. G."; see. 18.-19. Letter to Justus Velsius. In: Mathijs Wijer: Grondelijcke Onderrichtinghe van veelen hoochwichtighen Articulen . Dirck Mullem, o. O. [Vianen] 1584, pp. 40f; see. Pp. 35-40.
  27. ^ Piet Visser: Zeldzame mennonitica: een liedboek uit 1630, een herdruk van Matthias Weyer en het werk van de onbekende Popken Wierts . In: Doofngezinde Bijdragen 20 (1994), pp. 241-247, especially p. 243f ( PDF from Doopsgezinde Historische Kring).
  28. ↑ Sjouke Voolstra: Beeldenstormer uit bewogenheid . Lost, Hilversum 2005, p. 96.
  29. ↑ Thorough briefing . 2nd edition Henrich Betkius, Amsterdam 1658, pp. 215f ( Google Books ).
  30. ↑ "Matthias Weyer, who lost his life through ... inner fear and pain, as he was at the end and, as it were, in the last step of his complete purification"; Pierre Poiret: The purification of souls, before or after death . o. O. 1711, p. 161 ( Google Books ).
  31. ↑ Konrad Pellikan mentions the visit of a "Johannes Spe Gelrensis (= from Geldern) " to him in Zurich in 1550 ; Bernhard Riggenbach (arr.): The Chronicon of Konrad Pellikan . Bahnmaier, 1877, p. 178 ( Google Books ). In the Duchy of Geldern , the Spee family was z. B. based in Grefrath or Wankum .
  32. ↑ Cf. Matthes Weyer: Thorough instruction of many highly important articles . 2nd edition Henrich Betkius, Amsterdam 1658, pp. 5-8 ( Google Books ).
  33. ↑ a b Tünde Beatrix Karnitscher: The forgotten spiritualist Johann Theodor von Tschesch (1595–1649) . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2015, p. 273, note 87.
  34. ↑ Van die Hercoemste deses Boecks een corte verclaringhe . In: Mathijs Wijer: Grondelijcke Onderrichtinghe van veelen hoochwichtighen Articulen . Dirck Mullem, o. O. [Vianen] 1584, unpaginated.
  35. ↑ See Gottfried Arnold: Unparteyische Kirchen- und Ketzer-Historie , Vol. III. Fritsch, Frankfurt am Main 1729, pp. 16–21, especially p. 17 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich); Tünde Beatrix Karnitscher: The forgotten spiritualist Johann Theodor von Tschesch (1595–1649) . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2015, p. 273 f. ( Google Books ; limited preview).
  36. ↑ a b c Guillaume van Gemert: The Dutch holdings (for the former Sulzbach court library). In: Morgen-Glantz . Journal of Christian Knorr von Rosenroth Society 19 (2009), pp. 393–452, esp. P. 415 ( Google Books ; limited preview).
  37. ↑ a b Hendrik Quirinus Janssen: Petrus Hyperphragmus of Pieter Overdhage, shown differently by Pieter de Zuttere. Eene bladzijde uit de wordingsgeschiedenis der nederlandsche herrormde kerk . In: Studiën en bijdragen op't gebied der historical theologie 4 (1880), pp. 321–370, especially Appendices D and XV, pp. 348f and 366; see. Pp. 338–340 ( digitized in the Internet Archive).
  38. ↑ "Wyert" is misunderstood as the father's first name. Theunisz refers to Matthijs W [ier]: Dat Boeck der Sproecken . Dierick Mullem, op cit [Vianen 1584], pp. 31 and 75-79.
  39. ↑ January Theunisz .: The Hanssijtsche Menniste history Gheest-drijveren . Jan Theunisz., O. O. [Amsterdam] 1627, p. 15 ( Google Books ).
  40. ↑ Müller, mystical-spiritualistic Mennonite poet.
  41. ↑ From Amsterdam, Mennonite writer in Alkmaar .
  42. ↑ Johannes van den Berg: The piety aspirations in the Netherlands . In: Martin Brecht, Johannes van den Berg (ed.): The Pietism from the seventeenth to the early eighteenth century . (History of Pietism 1). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1993, pp. 57–112, especially p. 65 ( Google Books ; limited preview).
  43. ↑ January Theunisz .: January Willemsz. raegh-stock, Voor Nittert Obbesz. raegh-beesem . Jan Theunisz., O. O. [Amsterdam] 1627, p. 6 ( Google Books ).
  44. ^ Piet Visser: Zeldzame mennonitica: een liedboek uit 1630, een herdruk van Matthias Weyer en het werk van de onbekende Popken Wierts . In: Doofngezinde Bijdragen 20 (1994), pp. 241-247, especially pp. 243f ( digitized version ); Ders .: Schabaliana. A bibliographic analysis of the work of Dierick and Jan Philipsz Schabaelje . In: Doopsgezinde Bijdragen 28 (2002), 173-210, esp. P. 176f ( digitized version of Doopsgezinde Historische Kring).
  45. ^ French reformed pastor in Otterberg .
  46. ↑ Andreas Deppermann: Johann Jakob Schütz and the beginnings of Pietism. (Contributions to historical theology 119). Mohr-Siebeck, Tübingen 2002, pp. 71f and 305 ( Google Books ). A French edition cannot be verified by the library.
  47. ↑ a b Pierre Poiret: Bibliotheca Mysticorum Selecta . Henrik Wetsteen, Amsterdam 1708, § 17 and § 18, pp. 127–129 ( digitized copy from the estate of Arthur Schopenhauer in the Frankfurt University Library); literally according to Gottfried Arnold: History and description of the mystical theology . Thomas Fritsch, Frankfurt am Main 1703, Appendix Defense of Mystical Theology , No. 17 and No. 18, pp. 177f ( Google Books ).
  48. ↑ Pierre Poiret: The purification of souls, before or after death . o. O. 1711, p. 40 ( Google Books ).
  49. ^ Author of a letter to Adriaan Meynders op der Schellingh of September 2, 1635 from Hamburg; Copye van drie brieven, een van Ysabella van Waardenborg, en een an de Zelve, en d'ander to N. N. Warner te Nuyl, Deventer 1717 ( Google Books ).
  50. ↑ a b "Écrite en flamand, il ya environ soixante ans"; Pierre Poiret (Ed.): La Théologie réelle, vulgairement dite la Théologie Germanique . 2nd ed. Henrik Wetsteen, Amsterdam 1700, p. 29 and p. 219–244 ( Google Books ).
  51. ^ Reprint of the Dutch version: Copye van drie brieven, een van Ysabella van Waardenborg, en een an de Zelve, en d'ander an N. N. Warner te Nuyl, Deventer 1717 ( Google Books ).
  52. ↑ Heinrich Schlüter, Johann Backhaus von Eppinghofen : Ken-teeckenen van de Weder-geboorte , foreword by Anna Maria von Schürmann . 2nd edition Johannes van den Bergh, Amsterdam 1670. The editions of 1677 and 1688 mentioned by Poiret are no longer verifiable in the library.
  53. ^ Letter from 1677; Philipp Jakob Spener: Letters from the Frankfurt period 1666-1686 , Vol. III. 1677-1678 , ed. by Johannes Wallmann. Mohr-Siebeck, Tübingen 2000, p. 170f = Philipp Jakob Spener: Theologische Bedencken and other written answers to spiritual, especially edifying material , Vol. III. Orphanage, Halle 1708, p. 161 ( digital copy from the Bavarian State Library, Munich).
  54. ↑ Gottfried Arnold: The astray or errors and temptations of benevolent and pious people . Thomas Fritsch, Frankfurt am Main 1708, p. 374f ( Google Books ).
  55. ↑ Gottfried Arnold: History and description of the mystical theology . Thomas Fritsch, Frankfurt am Main 1703, Appendix Defense of Mystical Theology , No. 17, p. 177 ( Google Books ).
  56. ↑ Letter to “J. G. P. ”of June 7, 1698 from Amsterdam; Johann-Georg Gichtel: Theosophia practica , Vol. II. Leiden 1722, No. LIV, pp. 890-898, especially p. 896 ( Google Books ).
  57. ^ Letter to "Brother Th. S." of December 30, 1702 from Amsterdam; Johann-Georg Gichtel: Theosophia practica , Vol. VI. Leiden 1722, No. LXIX, pp. 1571-1573, especially p. 1572 ( Google Books ).
  58. ^ Merchant from Hattingen.
  59. ^ Letter from Johann Wilhelm Überfeld to "B. v. T. “(† after 1708) of December 16, 1704. In: Auserlesene EXTRACTS from the anointed letters of the man of God Joh. Wilh. Uberfelds . 1740, pp. 178-181, especially p. 181 ( Google Books ).
  60. ↑ Eberhard Ludwig Gruber: Kurtze, but thorough instruction of the inner word of God , ed. by Johann Tennhardt . o. O. [1713], pp. 19 and 36–42 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library, Munich); Walter Großmann: Eberhard Ludwig Gruber on true and false inspiration . In: Pietismus und Neuzeit 13 (1987), pp. 47–67; especially p. 52.
  61. ↑ Martin Leube: The history of the Tübinger monastery . Steinbock, Hannover 1954, p. 274.
  62. ↑ Valentin Ernst Löscher (ed.): Innocent news of old and new theological matters, books, watch customers, controversies, changes, comments, suggestions, etc. d. G. Johann Friedrich Braun, Leipzig 1711, pp. 196-199 ( Google Books ).
  63. ^ Justus Hashagen : The Rhenish Protestantism and the development of the Rhenish culture . Baedeker, Essen 1924, pp. 159 and 177.
  64. ↑ Year at the end of the last letter: “Anno MDLX. the xvj. Aprilis ”(April 16, 1560).
  65. ↑ Bonn University and State Library (Rara, Gl 361, attached No. 5).
  66. ↑ a b c d Andrew Pettegree, Malcolm Walsby (Ed.): Netherlandish Books. Books Published in the Low Countries and Dutch Books Printed Abroad before 1601 , Vol II. K - Z . Brill, Leiden 2011, No. 31511-31514, p. 1378 ( Google Books ; limited preview).
  67. ^ Copy in the Gräflich Solms-Laubach Library in Laubach; Andreas Deppermann: Johann Jakob Schütz and the beginnings of Pietism . (Contributions to historical theology 119). Mohr-Siebeck, Tübingen 2002, p. 71; s. below under "Combined prints of both works".
  68. ↑ Siegmund Jakob Baumgarten : History of the Religionspartheyen , ed. by Johann Salomon Semler . Johann Justinus Gebauer, Halle 1766, pp. 1067f ( Google Books ); s. below under "Combined prints of both works".
  69. ↑ University and State Library Bonn (Rara, Gl 361, attached No. 4); Archbishop's Diocesan and Cathedral Library Cologne (to Theol. 914; here probably wrongly localized and dated: o. O. [Emden around 1570]).
  70. ↑ Preface to “P. H. G. Anno 1563 “as printer and editor. The " edging " are with the abbreviation "E. G. I. S. "provided; see. the bookseller catalog Frederik Muller: Catalogus eener uiterst zeldzame Verzameling van Hollandsche Bijbels, Psalmen, Incunabelen, Hollandsche Godgeleerde works, (zoo Protestantsche as Roomsch-Catholieke) of the 16 e en 17 e eeuw . Frederik Muller, Amsterdam 1857, No. 969, p. 105 ( Google Books ).
  71. ↑ Johann Friedrich Regelein d. J .; from 1716/17 to approx. 1735 Hochgräflich Isenburgischer Hofbuchdrucker in the pietistic free city of Büdingen , son of Johann Friedrich I. Regelein (Regelius) d. Ä.
personal data
SURNAME Wier, Mathijs
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wier, Matthias; Wiers, Matthes; Weyer, Mattaeus; Wyertszoon, Matthijas (wrong name form)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Merchant and mystic
DATE OF BIRTH uncertain: 1520 or 1521
PLACE OF BIRTH Grave on the Meuse, North Brabant
DATE OF DEATH April 25, 1560
Place of death Wesel