Gustav Adolph von Rosenkampff

Gustav Adolph von Rosenkampff ( Russian : Густав Андреевич Розенкампф; born January 6, 1764 or January 5, 1762 in Kersel ; † April 16, 1832 in Saint Petersburg ) was a descendant of the German-Baltic noble family called the Riesenkampf Rehekampff . As a Baltic state politician, he was a state councilor and in 1817 was raised to the status of Finnish baron together with his nephew Karl von Rosenkampff (1793–1846) .

Life

Gustav Adolph was first brought up in home school and in 1774 switched to private lessons with Magister Friedrich Gotthilf Findeisen in Dorpat . From 1784 to 1786 he studied at the University of Leipzig and received a prebend from the Hochstift Merseburg . In 1785 he got a job as a translator at the College of Foreign Affairs in Saint Petersburg. In 1789 he became a district judge and in 1796 a district judge of the Dorpat district . In 1801 he was appointed college assessor and moved to St. Petersburg in 1802. In 1803 he was appointed to the court council and in 1804 to the collegiate council , while at the same time serving as first trainee lawyer and conference secretary of the law commission. He was appointed director of the Saint Petersburg Law School in 1805 and held this post until 1809. After that, he became head of the civil department of the Law Commission; from 1811 to 1826 he was a member of the commission for business in Finland. In 1812 he was appointed to the Real Council of State and was a member of the Finland Committee for the Transfer of Russian Finland to a Grand Duchy . At the same time he was an employee of State Secretary Engel and presented the bills and reports of the law commission to the Reichsrat. In the same year he was naturalized in Finland . In the meantime, he drafted plans for civil and criminal law , commercial law and the rules of procedure ; he worked on draft laws on civil service , arbitration matters and recruiting . He revised the "Peasant Ordinance for the Baltic Sea Provinces" and the "Estonian Peasant Ordinance" of 1816. In 1817 he was promoted to a Finnish baron and in 1818 was included in the nobility register of the Finnish knight house. At his own request, he was dismissed from the law commission in 1822.

Russia's Finland Policy 1811–1826

The official coat of arms of the Grand Duchy combined the two-headed eagle of the Russian Empire with the lion symbol adopted from Swedish times.

Since 1804 Rosenkampff worked as a consultant in the "Commission for the Creation of Laws" (Komissija sostavlenija zakonov), he was considered a proven legal expert. In 1811 he was entrusted with the supervision of the reorganization of Old Finland after 1811. With the reorganization of the committee in 1816, he was deprived of leadership and his powers were restricted. As a member of this committee, which steered the Russian policy towards Finland from 1811 to 1826, he came into conflict several times with the tsarist ideas. He represented and called several times for the autonomy of the Grand Duchy of Finland and doubted the view that Russian ukase should be published in Finland. Another reason for his appointment was his ability to codify legal texts , at the same time he was an antipole to the favored Tsar Gustav Mauritz Armfelt and the codification chief Michail Michailowitsch Speranski . As a result of this situation, Rosenkampff remained isolated in the committee and his work was not properly appreciated. This culminated in the refusal of a pension after his departure. Rosenkampff was a modern representative of the school of law and referred to the historical-national character of law. In addition, he turned against the use of foreign law books and favored his own legal development. "However, this principle did not prevent Rosenkampff from being able to indirectly exploit the 'foreign' rights if necessary".

Origin and family

Coat of arms of the noble family Rosenkampff

Gustav Adolph v. R. came from the German-Baltic noble family Riesenkampff called Rehekampff , who had lived in Estonia since 1600. The progenitor is Jost Riesenkampff (around 1606–1657), who moved from Estonia to Sweden, followed by his son Johann Riesenkampff (1635–1689), who was a Swedish cavalry master . He was raised to the Swedish nobility in 1687 under the name of Rosenkampff. He was followed in male line-up by Johann Heinrich von Rosenkampff († 1723) and Reinhold Johann von Rosenkampff (around 1705–1784). The latter's son was Kaspar Heinrich von Rosenkampff (1743–1790), who was district administrator and land marshal . He was the father of Gustav Adolf, his mother was Katharina von Rosenkampff, born von Hagemeister (1742-1805). Gustav Adolf married Maria Franziska de Moret de Blaramberg in Dorpat in 1799. (* 1779 in Karlsruhe, † 1834 in Saint Petersburg), they had no offspring.

Awards

• 1802 Russian Order of St. Vladimir 4th class
• 1805 Russian Order of Saint Anne 2nd class
• 1810 Order of St. Vladimir 3rd class
• 1813 Russian Order of Saint Anne 1st class
• 1819 Order of St. Vladimir 2nd class

Web links

• Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Gustav Adolph von Rosenkampff. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
• Rosenkampff, Gustav in the German biography
• FINLANDS RIDDARHUS: Rosenkampff (Swedish)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Estonian manors: Loodi / Kersel [1]
2. ↑ Interesting facts about the Finnish nobility [2]
3. ↑ "Even in Moskva I have reason to be satisfied": Christian von Schlözer's private correspondence with the family. Academic lifeworlds, knowledge and culture transfer in Russia at the beginning of the 19th century, Volume 5 of Mainz contributions to the history of Eastern Europe, editor Alexander Kaplunovskiy, Verlag LIT Verlag Münster, 2014, ISBN 3-643-11816-3 , page 45, accessed on September 19, 2017 [3]
4. ↑ “In 1804, a peasant ordinance was issued in Livonia, through which serfdom ... became subservience to the estate. When Estonia's knighthood then preceded the complete abolition of serfdom in 1816, Courland in 1817 and Livonia in 1818 followed this example. "A. von Engelhardt, Die Deutschen Ostseeprovinzen Russlands, Verlag BoD - Books on Demand, 2012, page 46 [4] , accessed on September 21, 2017
5. ↑ FINLANDS RIDDARHUS [5]
6. ↑ Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Eastern European History: 1. An "ideal code of law for Russia": Legal experts and the codification projects in the Code Commission 1804-1826 (Alexander Kaplunovsky) accessed on September 19, 2017  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
7. ↑ Europe in the early modern period: Unknown sources. Essays on the development, preliminary stages, limits and continued effects of the early modern era in and around Europe. Volume 7 of Europe in the Early Modern Era, editor Erich Donnert, Verlag Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar, 1997, ISBN 3-412-10702-6 , page 904, accessed on September 19, 2017 [6]
8. ↑ Finland Studies, Volume 1, History Series, Eastern Europe Institute, editor Edgar Hösch, Verlag Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1990, ISBN 3-447-03052-6 , page 91, note no. 30 [7]
9. ↑ Martin Avenarius, Foreign Traditions of Roman Law: Influence, Perception and Arguments of the “rimskoe pravo” in the Russian tsarist empire of the 19th century, Verlag Wallstein Verlag, 2014, ISBN 3-8353-2659-7 , page 181, accessed on 19. September 2017 [8]
10. ↑ Marie-Françoise de Moret de Blaramberg [9]