Habenscheid
Hof Habenscheid is part of the local community Wasenbach in Rhineland-Palatinate .
history
Numerous barrows in the forest area of the Fuchsenhöll testify that the area around Habenscheid was already settled in the Bronze Age. These graves are mostly located near the ancient peoples' paths that crossed this area even then. Worth mentioning here is the Rintstraße between Katzenelnbogen and Diez , which runs through the forest above Habenscheid. The Rintstraße branches off at the Hühnerscherkopf (forest area near Schönborn ) from the Hessenstraße , which already ran from Sankt Goarshausen via Nastätten , Katzenelnbogen and Hahnstätten to today's Hesse ( Wetzlar , Kassel ) in the time of the Celts .
Habenscheid is mentioned for the first time under the name Abothisscheid in a deed of donation from Charlemagne , dated July 9, 790. The name Abothisscheid could be Old High German and mean Habichtswald. Another interpretation explains the name as "to the forest of Adalbold". Research disagrees here. Unfortunately, the original document was lost over the centuries. A working copy of the Liber aurus von Prüm from the 10th century, written in Latin, is kept in the Trier City Library. Thereafter, after a court case, the noble Alpad gave goods in the Lahn, Einrich and Engersgau to the abbot Assorius of the Prüm monastery .
The village of Wenigenscheid most likely still stood near Habenscheid. There are sources that tell of a third village called Hinterhabenscheid. Around 1190 Habenscheid was awarded to Werner von Bolanden. The villages of Habenscheid, Cramberg , Biebrich , Wasenbach and Wenigenscheid formed a district over which the Lord of Westerburg was given high jurisdiction in 1328. This district adjoined the court Katzenelnbogen to the northwest. The boundary between Biebrich and Habenscheid has remained constant over the centuries. Around 1350, a description of the Schaumburg truce named Habenscheid as a border town against the Katzenelnbogische. Further descriptions are available from 1536, 1542 and 1643. The Habenscheider parish came from the Counts of Arnstein to Isenburg, then by marriage to Ruprecht III. von Nassau and through his daughter in 1194 to the Counts of Virneburg. Count Gerlach Isenburg-Limburg left it to his son-in-law Heinrich von Westerburg in 1279. Westerburg pledged the court of Habenscheid to Katzenelnbogen in 1328 and 1435. Therefore it came to Hessen in 1479 and was redeemed by it. In the case of the division of Leiningen-Westerburg in 1547, it made a special line. After that, Wasenbach seems to have left the Schaumburg territory.
Around 1600 Wasenbach belonged to the Lord of Kronberg as an imperial knighthood area. The parish and thus the place of jurisdiction and the center of the Schaumburg rule and the village of Wasenbach was Habenscheid. The court in Habenscheid exercised high and low jurisdiction. The Centgericht (already around 1328) had the right to pass death sentences and also to execute them. The witch trials and the cremation of the convicted at the stake between 1629 and 1631 were inglorious. A letter from the owner of the Schaumburg, Christoph Graf zu Leiningen-Westerburg, shows that in 1632 Wasenbach was occupied by Solnian (Swedish) riders. These were attacked and plundered by Spanish horsemen. The Swedes believed in treason and demanded compensation. Since this was refused, the Swedes could have held themselves harmless against Habenscheid. Like so many other places, Habenscheid was razed to the ground in the Thirty Years' War . Of the Habenscheid center itself, next to the church, only the rectory remained until the 20th century.
An old document shows that when the Catzenelnebogen court crossed the border on August 15, 1643, the municipal boundaries of that time were established or confirmed. The former district boundaries still roughly correspond to today's boundaries. The boundary stones were replaced over the years, but old stones from the 18th century can still be found on the borders. The entire estate of Schaumburg, including Habenscheid, was sold in 1656 to Agnes, the widow of Count Peter Melander von Holzappel. As a result, Habenscheid came to the Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg by inheritance in 1692 . A description of the Schaumburg rulership from 1680 says, among other things: “The church in Habenscheid has been the right parish church from time immemorial and even if the Schaumburg rulership and its people went to this church, they have their position in the choir on their left hand , their chairs were painted green, then went to the church in the village of Cramberg, Steinsberg, Biebrich, Wasenbach and the Berbacher ... This church still stands on Westerburger sovereignty ... The children from all villages belonged to this church after Habenscheid in the school went ... "
It is noteworthy that the border between the Schaumburg rulership and the Lower County of Katzenelnbogen ran right through the choir of the Habenscheider Church. Allegedly the boundary stone was under the altar.
Mines are mentioned in the Fuchsenhöll in the 18th century. Two shafts were located northeast of the Habenscheider church. Until a few years ago there was still an old stone in the forest. However, this was stolen. In 1806 the Nassau princes received the rule of Schaumburg as part of the newly created Duchy of Nassau through the Napoleonic dictate “Confederation du Rhin” ( Rhine Confederation ). In 1866 the duchy was annexed by Prussia. This is where Habenscheid's independence as an independent place should end. Habenscheid became a domain. In 1864 Nikolaus Hergenhahn from Balduinstein took over the lease. In 1904 his descendant, Balduin Hergenhahn, bought the Prussian state domain. From 1934 the centuries-old rectory stood empty and fell into disrepair. In 1954 it was abandoned. Today's settlement currently has 10 residents and only consists of a farm, two houses, a barn and the field church.
Field church
This church is one of the oldest churches in Central Assau and was founded by Benedictine monks from the Bleidenstadt monastery . The tower has the characteristics of a fortified church and is built in the Romanesque architectural style. It is the oldest part of the building and was built in the 9th century. The barrel vault on the lower floor, the arched windows and the observation slots speak for this . The masonry rubble stones that are visible on the outer wall of the choir are puzzling . It could be the remains of the wall of the first stone-built church in Habenscheid.
A Bleidenstadt monk is attested as pastor in Habenscheid in 1261 . The quarry stone masonry around the cemetery, which is still occasionally used today, shows a herringbone pattern in some places that points back to the Middle Ages. The oldest known burial place in Habenscheid is "Auf der Heide". Today, this area is mostly overgrown with forest and is located northwest of the Habenscheider church below the L 323. In this area, urns from the younger Stone Age were found in 1901, 1909 and 1928 . The wrought-iron tower cross is also remarkable. It was probably made from soft, rustproof iron in the 13th century. In the late Gothic choir there is a jewel, a very rare baptismal font , probably also from the 13th century. Count Reinhard the VII and Georg von Leiningen-Westerburg introduced the Reformation in their dominions of Westerburg, Schadeck and Schaumburg in 1563. Habenscheid thus became Protestant.
Over the centuries, the church underwent several alterations and additions before it was in its current state. On May 12, 1818, the last service took place in the field church. Then allegedly Cramberg citizens wanted to transfer the church bells to Cramberg. When this became known, the Steinberger and Wasenbach residents armed themselves with pitchforks and flails and thus prevented the Crambergers' plan. On the second day of Pentecost, another last service took place in the Habenscheider church. The interior furnishings and the bells, at least one of which comes from the former Bärbach monastery, were transferred to the new church in Wasenbach, which was built in 1910. The bells bear the inscription: "O REX GLORIAE VENI CUM PACE" and "VOX EGO SUM VIATE. VOCOS VOS. ORARE VENITE. ”Translated:“ O King of Glory, come with peace ”and“ I am the voice of life. I call you. Come to prayer ”. As a reminder of the "last" service at that time, a service is still regularly celebrated in the field church on Whit Monday . Today's bell in the tower was donated in 1982 by the Diezer pharmacist Hermann Wuth and replaced the "baking bell" from 1681, which was still in place until then. This was removed in 1994 and now adorns the roof of the old fire station in Wasenbach.
Web links
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- Christian Daniel Vogel : Historical topography of the Duchy of Nassau. Herborn 1836.
- Meinhard Sponheimer: State history of the Niedergrafschaft Katzenelnbogen and the adjacent offices on the facility. 1932.
- Rudolf Herold: Schönborn, forays into the past.
- Hermann Heck: The golden county.
- Sources on the history of the monasteries and monasteries in the area of the middle Lahn up to the end of the Middle Ages. Edited by WH Struck, 1961.
- Günther Damm: Balduinstein.
- E. Kuhmann: 1200 years of Habenscheid.
- School chronicle of Wasenbach. different authors
- M. Hofmann: Contributions to the local history of Wasenbach.
- Local history 1947-1950. various children from the Wasenbach school and teacher M. Hofmann.
- 200 years of the Catholic parish church of St. Bartholomäus Balduinstein.
- M. Keiling: The old boundary stones of the facility.
- R. Bonnet: Nasovica. Volume X.
- The Unterlahnkreis. District Education Office Diez.
- Rüttger Schrörs: Chronicle of the community Wasenbach and Habenscheid. 1995.
Coordinates: 50 ° 19 ′ N , 7 ° 59 ′ E