Hans Petersen (doctor)

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Hans Albert Petersen (born November 28, 1885 in Altona-Othmarschen ( Holstein ), † January 29, 1946 in Gmund am Tegernsee ) was a German anatomist .

education and profession

Petersen attended the Realgymnasium in Altona, studied medicine and natural sciences in Jena and medicine in Berlin since 1905 . After graduating in 1910, he mainly worked at the institute of the physiologist Wilhelm Biedermann (1852–1929) in Jena. In the spring of 1908 he was awarded a doctorate in zoology (Selachier study). phil. PhD, 1912 with a study on the digestion of honeybees to Dr. med. In 1912 Petersen went to Heidelberg and completed his habilitation there in 1913 with the anatomist Hermann Braus (1868–1924) with a thesis on animal body mechanics. During the First World War , Petersen served as a military doctor and in the field hospital .

In 1919 he took over an extraordinary professorship for anatomy in Heidelberg. From 1921 he was a planned associate professor in Giessen , prosector and head of the anatomical institute. In 1925, Petersen was appointed to the chair of anatomy at the University of Würzburg as the successor to Braus . In 1939 he settled at his own request for health reasons (strong formalin allergy ) emeritus . Petersen died in anaphylactic shock after injecting a local anesthetic .

power

Petersen is considered to be the pioneer of a “new anatomy” that sought to integrate biological , physiological and functional aspects into the previously purely morphologically descriptive anatomy. His scientific life's work is shaped by a humanities- philosophical view and mathematical - physical training. Petersen made a significant contribution to the progress of functional anatomy: joint , ligament , and vessel wall mechanics , bone structure, structure and function of elastic and collagen fibers.

He developed processes for the production of overview specimens ( Petersen embedding ) and special methods for staining cell nuclei , connective and bone tissue ( Petersen staining ). His main work is the textbook on histology and microscopic anatomy : it contains more than 1000 microphotographs of his own specimens; it deals with all areas of tissue science and microscopic anatomy; it opens up questions about developmental physiology , general biology and cell theory . Petersen was convinced of the benefits of an expanded, holistic, functional view of people in natural surroundings. He conceived a culturally integrated anatomy with the objective of a "human biology" or a "life science of the whole human being" - a philosophical draft based on scientific and humanistic knowledge.

Petersen's oeuvre comprises 55 publications and ten manuscripts. He was awarded the Georg Hermann von Meyer Prize in 1920 and had been a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences since 1940 .

Works

  • Belt kinematics. Attempt a theory of band associations . Treatises of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences (mathematical and natural science class), 4th treatise (text and atlas), Heidelberg 1918
  • Skeletal problems . Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaft 10 (1922), pp. 337-344
  • Microscopy in colored light, coloring with acid alizarin blue, photography of thick objects . Journal for Scientific Microscopy 41 (1924), pp. 365-366
  • About the biological basis of the position of man on earth . Klinische Wochenschrift 7 (1928), pp. 1968-1973
  • Outline of the histology and microscopic anatomy of man . Berlin 1936, 4th edition 1950
  • Photography in Histology . In: A. Hay (Ed.): Practical course in photography for medical professionals, Vienna 1939

literature

  • Isidor Fischer (ed.): Biographical lexicon of the outstanding doctors of the last fifty years. 1962, Vol. 2, p. 1197
  • Curt Elze: Hans Petersen. In: Zeitschrift für Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte 122 (1961), pp. 445–458
  • C. Ebert: Personal bibliographies of the Ordinaries and Extraordinaries of Anatomy with histology and embryology, physiology and physiological chemistry at the Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg in the approximate period from 1900–1945. Erlangen-Nürnberg 1971, pp. 82-88
  • HG Münch: The Anatomical Institute in Würzburg from 1925–1966. Diss. Med., Würzburg 1977, pp. 17-19, 82-84
  • R. Hildebrand: Contribution of the Würzburg anatomy to the development of the microscopic-anatomical teaching (1847 Kölliker - Petersen 1940). Anatomischer Anzeiger (Jena) 155 (1984), pp. 115-122
  • Eberhard J. Wormer :  Petersen, Hans. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-428-00201-6 , p. 255 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hans Petersen: Contributions to the knowledge of the structure and development of the Selachierdarmes. Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaft 36 (1907), pp. 619-652, 44 (1908), pp. 123-147
  2. ↑ Hans Petersen: The digestion of the honey bee. Pflüger's archive for the entire physiology 145 (1912), pp. 121–151
  3. ↑ Hans Petersen: Studies on the comparative and general mechanics of the animal body. I. The temporomandibular joint of the cod. W. Roux 'Archive for Development Mechanics of Organisms 39 (1914), pp. 51–111
  4. ↑ Hans Petersen: Textbook of histology and microscopic anatomy. 1922, 5th edition 1935
personal data
SURNAME Petersen, Hans
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Petersen, Hans Albert (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German anatomist
DATE OF BIRTH November 28, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Altona-Othmarschen ( Holstein )
DATE OF DEATH January 29, 1946
Place of death Gmund am Tegernsee