Hausberg (Jena)

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Local mountain
View from the JenTower to the local mountain (right)

View from the JenTower to the local mountain (right)

height 391.7  m above sea level NHN
location Jena , Thuringia , Germany
Mountains Wöllmisse , Ilm-Saale- and Ohrdrufer Platte
Dominance 1.6 km →  P394.4 south stone cross
Coordinates 50 ° 55 '29 "  N , 11 ° 36' 38"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 55 '29 "  N , 11 ° 36' 38"  E
Hausberg (Jena) (Thuringia)
Hausberg (Jena)
rock Shell limestone
particularities - Fuchsturm ( AT )
- castle complexes
Historical view of the local mountain castles

The local mountain near Jena is an elongated 391.7  m above sea level. NHN high Muschelkalkberg east of Jena in Thuringia . The mountain on which the Fuchsturm observation tower is located is a popular hiking destination close to the city.

geography

The local mountain is located east of Jena city center and is connected to the shell limestone plateau of the Wöllmisse via the Ziegenhainer Höhe (approx. 375 m) . The hilltop of Wilhelmshöhe , located directly above the Saale valley , still reaches a height of 350 m. To the north of the Gembdenbach valley lies the Wenigenjena district , to the east of Jenaprießnitz and to the south of the Ziegenhain valley is the town of Ziegenhain .

Castle complex ("Kirchberger Schlösser")

There were four medieval castles on the local mountain, of which, apart from a few remains of the wall, only the striking 30 m high Fuchsturm has survived . The four castles on the local mountain are often called Kirchberg castles after the former owners / lords, the burgraves of Kirchberg . The local mountain proved to be strategically favorable in the Middle Ages, as there was an old hall crossing below the mountain. The traffic over the Wöllmisse, through the Gembdental and through the Ziegenhain valley could also be controlled from the height . Three of the four plants were conquered by the Erfurters in 1304 .

Greifberg Castle

The Greifberg family was first mentioned in 1156. The castle was probably taken over by the dominating ministerials from Kirchberg in the 13th century . Greifberg was spared in the storm of the Erfurt in 1304 and fell to the Thuringian landgraves in 1345. In addition to a few fortification trenches, a walled-in cistern and a partially buried underground passage or cellar vault have been preserved from the castle. The city of Erfurt temporarily stationed a garrison on Greifberg to protect the trade routes. Greifberg was considered to be the most strongly fortified of the castles on Jena's local mountain.

Kirchberg Castle

The Ottonian castle was probably first mentioned in 937. It was the center of a crown estate district and at the same time an imperial palace . There is evidence that Otto I , Otto II and Heinrich II visited the castle . Another castle was probably built to the east to protect the Palatinate, for which the name Kirchberg was also in use. The burgraves of Kirchberg, who were among the most powerful lords in eastern Thuringia around 1200, were ministerials and maintained their possession until 1348. After 1304, their burgraviate was incorporated into the Wettin dominion . In 1469 two churches are mentioned on Windberg and Kirchberg, which later fell into disrepair. The keep (fox tower ) of Kirchberg Castle has been preserved, has been restored several times and is now accessible again as a lookout tower . Right next to it, the Fuchsturmhaus was built in the 19th century, which still exists today as a popular restaurant and excursion restaurant.

Wintberg Castle

The easternmost complex on the Hausberg was first mentioned in 1279 and was built because of the consolidation of the Kirchberg rule. According to the findings, the castle existed from around 1200 to the 14th century. Some building remains from Wintberg could be exposed, u. a. Foundation walls of a residential tower . Wintberg is said to have been built as a residential palace for the Burgraves of Kirchberg and in the 15th century it belonged to the Counts of Schwarzburg at times .

Others

The first geological educational trail in Jena leads from Jena-Ost over the north side of the Hausberg to the geological stone monuments behind the fox tower; a consecration place set up in 1936 by the Federation of Thuringian Mountain, Castle and Forest Communities.

Individual evidence

  1. Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  2. Klaus Hallof and Luise Hallof: Die insschriften des Landkreis Jena 1995, p. 68

Web links

Commons : Hausberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

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