Holy Halls (Tharandt)

City plan by Tharandt with the holy halls from 1812

Holy Halls in the Tharandt Forest on the map of Oberreit, 1820–21

View from the Cotta benches over the Judeichdenkmal (today in the Forest Botanical Garden) to the mountain church in Tharandt, 1920

Lindemann memorial (1941) on Niederleiten and Neumeisterweg near Tharandt, destroyed after 1945

Holy halls at the former location of Gessner's bust in Tharandt

Sun temple on Oberleitenweg between Tharandt and Somsdorf

Offering box dedicated to the absent friend on Weißeritzgässchen in Tharandt

Grotto from around 1900 in the former spa gardens of the Sanitas sanatorium , today town hall, in Tharandt

As Holy halls a part of as Embellished landscape Tharandt in the 18th and 19th centuries like a park designed area in Badetal the forestry town Tharandt in today's Nature Reserve Weißeritztalhänge on the districts Tharandt and Somsdorf in Tharandter forest designated whose original design today only partially Forstbotanischen Garden of the Technical University of Dresden in Tharandt is preserved.

history

On the initiative of the Dresden court and judicial councilor, Baron Gottfried Ferdinand von Lindemann (1744-1804), who resided on the neighboring estate Heilsberg , the sacred halls were built as Tharandt promenades with paths, memorial stones, viewpoints and shelters between the Zeisiggrund or Schloitzbachtal and the Weißeritztal around the romantic ruins of Tharandt Castle and the Badetal with the help of sponsors and sponsors, such as

• Johanna von Manteuffel , b. von Wagner (1761–1802), a friend of the spa guests in Tharandt with Novalis ,
• August Wilhelm von Metzsch (1745-1824), electoral and royal Saxon cavalry master in Dresden ,
• Johann Carl Meißner, District Administrator of Freiberg with Grillenburg ,
• Christian Friedrich Treutler, official inspector in the Grillenburg zu Spechtshausen office ,
• August Wilhelm von Auenmüller (1754–1815), manor owner from Braunsdorf ,
• Christian Friedrich Traugott Voigt , pastor in Tharandt,
• Christian Traugott Weinlig , court and, most recently, master builder from Dresden,

Developed as a landscape park in the sense of early romanticism and sensitivity and made accessible to the public. In the center of the complex was a bust of the Swiss idyllic poet Salomon Gessner and the Lindemann monument, as well as the Stadtbad-Hotel on the Sreinwiese, built in 1805 based on a design by Gottlob Friedrich Thormeyer , with the Sidonia and Butter mineral springs discovered by Tharandt official surgeon Johann Gottfried Butter in 1792 Heinrichsquelle for spa treatments. At the beginning and end of the of artillery - Sergeant Kiihlemann from Meissen mapped route system in 1799 following inscription was mounted: "Spatzierwege by public Wohlthaetigk. created in the years MDCCXCVII and MDCCXCVIII ".

Ernst Heinrich Graf von Hagen (1748–1817), factory and manor owner from Potschappel , continued Lindemann's work with the takeover of the Tharandt spa. Later, on the initiative of Gotthilf August von Maltitz (1794–1837), dramatic poet and writer and student at the Tharandt Forestry University , with Dianenstein and Zauns Ruhe bei der Silen Liebe , the path system was extended towards the Edle Krone and, most recently, in 1899 the Judeichdenkmal by Johannes Schilling created on the Cotta benches (transferred to the Tharandt Forest Botanical Garden in 2011 ) and around 1900 the z. Some of the still preserved spa gardens behind the Sanitas sanatorium (1884–1928, today town hall) are laid out.

After the construction of the Dresden – Werdau railway through the valley from 1855 to 1862 and the decline of the last spa offers in Tharandt at the beginning of the 20th century, the facilities fell into disrepair. Today only the oldest part of the Tharandt Forest Botanical Garden, founded in 1811, and the viewpoints Heinrichs Eck and Sonnentempel as well as two sacrificial stones at the beginning of Weißeritzgässchen on Pienner Straße and at the entrance of the Tharandt mountain church as well as remnants of the hillside paths remind of this. In addition, the core area is largely enclosed by the Tharandt nature and homeland educational trail.

meaning

The "Beautified Landscape Tharandt" corresponded to the new, Enlightenment- imbued ideas of a landscape whose naturalness was enhanced by careful human intervention. This new conception of nature was a conscious departure from the courtly park designs of the Baroque era with their geometric lines and artificial plantings.

Tharandt takes on other "beautified landscapes" of Romanticism , such as the Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz (from 1769, Prince Friedrich Franz ), the Park on the Ilm , Weimar (from 1776, Grand Duke Karl August ), the Park of Schloss Machern ( from 1782, Reichsgraf von Lindenau ), the landscape park in Köstritz (around 1785, Count Heinrich XLIII. Reuss ), Friedrichsgrund near Pillnitz (1785, Elector Friedrich August III. ) and the Seifersdorfer Tal (from 1793, Christina Countess von Brühl ) a special position a. This special position consists of three main features:

• In Tharandt there is already a medieval ruin, while in other landscape parks , in keeping with the taste of the times, artificial ruins have been built.
• The place Tharandt itself, including its immediate surroundings, belonged to the "Beautified Landscape", while other park designs were laid out outside of the village.
• In Tharandt, the lower nobility and the enlightened bourgeoisie, including the citizens of the city, became the creators and sustains of a “beautified landscape” and not - as before - the high nobility.

Web links

• Tharandt with Holy Halls and Gessner's bust (1801–25), drawing by Schmidt
• Gessner's bust in the holy halls near Tharandt (1820), copper engraving by JCA Richter
• The Lindemann monument in Tharandt (1822), copper engraving by L. Richter
• View from the Holy Halls of Tharandt (1825), copper engraving by JG Henschke
• The holy halls in the Tharandt forest (around 1850), copperplate engraving by CW Arldt
• View from the Holy Halls of Tharandt (around 1850), copper engraving by CF Meser

literature

• anonymous: Tharand's surroundings. A sketch for nature lovers; together with a floor plan and prospectuses . Meissen 1801. ( digitized version )
• Wilhelm-Gottlieb Becker (eds.), Andreas Tauber, Friedrich Traugott Pursch, Ludwig-Heinrich Freiherr von Block: The Plauische Grund near Dresden, with regard to natural history , Frauenholzische Kunsthandlung, Nuremberg 1799, p. 89 ff.
• Béla Bélafi: "From the castle to the bathing town" History and stories of Tharandt 1st part (until 1800) , Tharandt historical booklets, published by the Tharandt beautification association, booklet 4, Tharandt 1998
• Theodor Berchem u. a. (Eds.): Novalis and Johanna von Manteuffel , Literaturwissenschaftliches Jahrbuch, Volume 38, Verlag Drucker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, Appendix, p. 57 ff.
• Bernhard von Cotta : Tharand and its surroundings . Arnold, Leipzig / Dresden 1834. ( digitized version )
• Louis Fritzsche: Tharand. A guide to its surroundings, an outline of its history and a description of its current state . Dresden 1866. ( digitized version )
• Friedrich Christian August Hasse: Dresden and the surrounding area , Arnoldische Buchhandlung, Pirna 1801, p. 432 ff.
• Wolfgang Heinitz: Tharandt. On paths through the past and the present . Tharandter marginalia, booklet 2. Castle and History Association, Tharandt 1996 and modified edition by Ulrich Frenzel, Schütze-Engler-Weber Verlag GbR, Dresden 2016, ISBN 978-3-936203-30-1 .
• Kirsten Krepelin and Thomas Thränert: The dedicated landscape - walks and beautified landscapes around Dresden , Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2011, pp. 176–207.
• Carl Lang: Description of the Plauen reason, the bathing resort Tharant and its surroundings . Beger, Dresden 1812 ( digitized version )
• Wilhelm Adolf Lindau: Rundgemählde the area of ​​Dresden , Volume 2, Arnoldische Buch- und Kunsthandlung, Dresden 1820, p. 158 ff. And 1822, p. 178 ff.
• Rudolph Lindau and Johann Gottlieb Wiemann: Curiosities of Dresden and the surrounding area , Arnoldische Buchhandlung, Pirna 1835, p. 361 ff.
• Gotthilf August von Maltitz: Humorous-satyrical plan blows in the areas of our forest time , Neu hrgg. v. Wilhelm Keßler, Verlag von J. Neumann, Neudamm 1911 and Reprint Vero Verlag, Norderstedt 2015
• Rudolf Mielsch: Tharandt and the Tharandter Forest , Geschichtliche Wanderfahrten Nr. 43, Ed. Artur Brabant, Verlag C. Heichrich, Dresden-A. 1935.
• Herman von Petersdorff: General Johann Adolph Freiherr von Thielmann , Verlag S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1894, p. 7 ff.
• H. Pretzsch: Tharandt´s Heilige Hallen , Tharandt, around 1850
• Andreas Roloff , Ulrich Pietzarka: The Forest Botanical Garden Tharandt . Forest Botanical Garden Tharandt, TU Dresden. Atelier am Forstgarten, Tharandt 1996, ISBN 3-00-000572-2 .
• R. Roos: Tharands Heilige Hallen , Allgemeine Literaturzeitung, vol. 1816, vol. 2, no. 152., p. 421 ff.
• Saxony's Church Gallery, Volume 1, Parts 1–37, Verlag Hermann Schmidt, Dresden 1837, p. 46 ff.
• Friedrich Schlenkert: Description of Tharand , Dresden 1797–1804, Tharandter historical booklets, Ed. Verschönerungsverein Tharandt, booklet 1, Tharandt 1995
• August Schumann: Complete State Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony , Volume 3, Verlag Gebrüder Schumann, Zwickau 1816, p. 755
• Karlwalk: Tharandt and his bath , newspaper for the elegant world, issue 51, April 28, 1804, p. 51 ff.
• CFT Voigt : Tarants Schöne Natur , Dresden 1806 and reprint with additions by Christoph Richter, Tharandt 2016
• Tobias Voß: Garden monument conservation valorisation of the Tharandt castle ruins . Master's thesis, TU Dresden, Faculty of Architecture, Professorship for Monument Preservation and Design, Dresden 2017

Coordinates: 50 ° 58 '45.35 "  N , 13 ° 34' 44.13"  O