Heinrich Andergassen

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Heinrich Andergassen at his trial on January 15, 1946 in Naples

Heinrich or Heinz Andergassen (born July 30, 1908 in Hall in Tirol ; † July 26, 1946 in Livorno ) was an SS officer who was convicted and executed as war criminals for the torture and murder of seven Allied prisoners of war . Andergassen was SS-Sturmscharführer and later SS-Untersturmführer of the group Northern Italy-West.

origin

His parents were the Hall policeman August Andergassen and Maria. A grandfather was Franz Alexander Andergassen , who originally came from Kaltern an der Weinstrasse . Andergassen remained unmarried and probably had no children.

career

Andergassen learned the machine fitter trade at a large company in Wattens . In 1929 he volunteered in the Austrian Armed Forces and was trained as a train driver in the motor and wheel vehicle institute in the Vienna Arsenal . After completing his training at the gendarmerie school, he was taken over from the armed forces for the Austrian federal gendarmerie . In 1937 he was appointed Austrian gendarmerie officer. Andergassen was assigned to duty in Schwaz and later in Innsbruck . After the Anschluss he became active in the Gestapo . During the occupation of the Sudetenland , he was employed as a gendarmerie district superintendent in a police force. In May 1938 he joined the NSDAP . From October 1938 he was hired as a detective assistant at the Innsbruck state police station. Immediately after the occupation of Italy in 1943, Andergassen was appointed head of the SD branch in Merano . As such, he ordered the arrest of the Jews present in Merano on the night of September 15-16, 1943 . He then took over the post of Jewish officer at the command of the security police and security service in the foothills of the Alps , based in Bolzano .

Manlio Longon

On December 15, 1944, the Italian resistance fighter Manlio Longon, who was active in South Tyrol and head of the Italian partisan association Comitato di Liberazione Nazionale , was captured by the SS. After days of torture, he was hanged by Heinz Andergassen on January 1, 1945 in the basement of the Bozen army corps on the orders of the Gestapo chief SS-Sturmbannführer August Schiffer .

Roderick "Steve" Hall

On January 26, 1945, OSS employee Captain Roderick Stephen Hall , who had been working in the German hinterland for six months, was captured in Cortina d'Ampezzo and taken to the Gestapo in Bolzano. Andergassen later admitted to having strangled Roderick Hall on 19 February 1945, together with SS-Oberscharführer Albert Storz, on Schiffer's orders.

death

On April 30, 1945 Andergassen fled together with Schiffer and Storz as a driver from the approaching American armed forces in a black Mercedes to Innsbruck . On May 8th, he was captured outside Innsbruck by the 206th Counter Intelligence Corps , and together with Schiffer and Storz he was charged as a war criminal before an American military tribunal . At his trial in Naples he testified that he was certain that Hall's assassination was carried out with the full knowledge and approval of the highest authorities.

Was Andergassen for the murder and torture Halls and together with Schiffer and Storz four other American and two British soldiers on January 15, 1946 to death by the strand convicted. Even after his conviction, Andergassen made voluntary statements in which he incriminated his superiors in the SS. He was executed on July 26, 1946 .

swell

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Act. Heinrich Andergassen. Federal Archives
  2. ↑ Stepanek, Friedrich [ed.]: Carmella Flöck, ... and dreamed that I was free. A Tyrolean woman in a concentration camp for women ... Innsbruck: Tyrolia, 2012. P. 54 ff. ISBN 978-3-7022-3217-7 .
  3. ↑ CV. Act. Heinrich Andergassen. Federal Archives
  4. ^ Joachim Innerhofer, Sabine Mayr: Murderous homeland. Suppressed life stories of Jewish families in Bolzano and Meran. Edition Raetia, Bozen 2015, ISBN 978-88-7283-503-6 p. 101
  5. ^ Michael Wedekind: National Socialist Occupation and Annexation Policy in Northern Italy 1943 to 1945. Oldenbuorg Verlag, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-486-56650-4 pp. 351, 449
  6. ↑ Agostini, Piero; Romeo, Carlo [Ed.]: Trentino e Alto Adige: province del Reich . Temi, 2002. p. 270
  7. ^ Central Intelligence Agency. Remembering OSS 'Heroes: Roderick Stephen Hall and the Brenner Pass Assignment. Retrieved February 1, 2014 .
  8. ↑ Andergassen's statement is printed in length in: Quibble, Antony: Roderick 'Steve' Hall. ( Memento of the original from April 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Studies in Intelligence 11, 4, 1967. pp. 45-78, pp. 75ff. . Retrieved April 20, 2014  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / media.nara.gov
  9. ^ O'Donnell, Patrick K .: The Brenner Assignment ... Philadelphia: Da Capo, 2008. p. 213
  10. ↑ O'Donnell. P. 233
  11. ↑ Defendant Henry Andergassen confers with the interpreter for the defense during his trial as to accused was criminal. Photo.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum . Retrieved April 20, 2014@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / collections.ushmm.org  
  12. ↑ Lingen, Kerstin from : Conspiracy of Silence: How the "Old Boys" of American Intelligence Shielded SS General Karl Wolff from Prosecution. ( Memento of the original from April 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kislenko.com archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Holocaust and Genocide Studies . Vol. 22.1. 2008. pp. 74-109. Retrieved March 24, 2018
  13. ↑ 3 SS Officers Hanged. in: New York Times, July 27, 1946. p. 5.
personal data
SURNAME Andergassen, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Andergassen, Heinz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian SS officer and war criminal
DATE OF BIRTH July 30, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Hall in Tirol
DATE OF DEATH July 26, 1946
Place of death Livorno