Henry III. from Stahleck

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Henry III. von Stahleck (* before 1238; † March 4, 1260 ) was bishop of Strasbourg from 1244 until his death under the rule of the Roman-German kings Frederick II , Conrad IV and Wilhelm von Holland , during the pontificate of Innocent IV . and Alexander IV. , under the patronage of the Mainz Metropolitan Siegfried III. von Eppstein , Christian II. von Bolanden , Gerhard I. von Dhaun and Werner von Eppstein . The auxiliary bishop Sebastian Vögter helped him out.

Name, origin and family

Steel corner or steel corner

Adam Walther Strobel, in his Patriotic history of Alsace - whereupon the ADB and the NDB biographies refer to it (see page 538) - the castle Stahleck adopted by Bacharach as the home of Henry, the small and especially very remote castle Stallegg was Probably not known to him, but in the documents (also with Strobel) the spelling is always mentioned as Staheleck , i.e. Stacheleck, (from which the vernacular "Stallegg" formed), see also Jakob Wimpfeling : Catalogus Episcoporum Argentinensium (1651), p. 60: Henricus de Staheleck Antiquo Sueviae Comitatu tertius, scribitur suisse… . Heinzelmann identifies Heinrich von Stahleck as a member of the "von Dicka" family. In 1183 the family founded the Kumbd monastery in the Hunsrück near Stahleck Castle on the Rhine. Other family members called themselves "von Stahleck" during the period. The Alsatian priest Glöckler also decided on ancestry from the Rhenish family, whose seat was Stahleck Castle near Bacharach.

Live and act

Heinrich was first mentioned in 1238. He was a canon in Mainz and a canon in Strasbourg until 1240 . In 1241 he was a thesaurary . He was elected Bishop of Strasbourg in 1244 after a year of vacancy . In 1249 he submitted the statutes of the city to a revision in cooperation with canons, ministers and members of the council. The bishop, like the city of Strasbourg, sided with the Staufer opponents . The penal provisions against the Staufer supporters in the city, enacted by Heinrich at a diocesan synod in 1251 , met with opposition from the ministerials and citizens and gave the first impetus for the conflicts between the bishop and the city, which escalated under Heinrich's successor Walter von Geroldseck . Heinrich expanded the territory of the bishopric after the death of Emperor Friedrich II. And his son Conrad IV. By conquering imperial estates in the Kinzig Valley , the Ortenau and Alsace .

On June 28, 1245, Pope Innocent IV opened the church assembly in Lyon , in which Emperor Frederick II was again excommunicated because he was guilty of perjury, heresy and felony on June 17, 1245. Friedrich tried to apologize and sent Heinrich, Bishop of Strasbourg, Hermann, Master of the Teutonic Order, to the council so that they could defend him. But the controversial emperor did not improve much. The bishops and princes of Germany united in Veithöchsheim near Würzburg and on May 22, 1246 elected the Landgrave of Thuringia, Heinrich Raspe IV. , Who was called the Pfaffenkönig, because the archbishops of Mainz, Trier and Cologne, as well as the bishops of Strasbourg, Metz and Speyer were crucial in his choice.

Heinrich von Stahleck took the opportunity to seize the castles in Alsace that King Konrad had subjected to his rule. Among other things, the bishop took the Illwickersheim and Kronenburg castles and had them razed. After he had besieged Schlettstadt in vain, he crossed the Rhine and conquered the entire Kinzig valley. The Rufachians , who were the bishop of Strasbourg, triumphed in 1246 at Feldkirch over the Colmarians , who had sided with Konradin . Around 1245 the bishop, with the Count of Dagsburg at the head of 6000 men, attacked the possessions of the Duke of Lorraine , Matthew II. He came from Flanders, defeated his enemies in Remiremont , pursued them as far as Zabern and killed the governor Lampert , the originator of the war.

After the death of anti-king Henry Raspe IV. , Who after a skirmish at Reutlingen on the Wartburg died on 17 February 1247, Bishop agreed Heinrich with the greats of the Kingdom of Wilhelm, Count of Holland , and helped him king Konrad IV. From Chase away Alsace. After the deposed Emperor Friedrich died on December 13, 1250 in his castle Firenzuolo, near Piacenza , his son Konrad, whom he appointed as a universal heir, returned to Sicily to take over his inheritance. His son Conradin , the last Duke of Alsace, was beheaded in Naples on October 29, 1268 when he wanted to assert his right to the throne of Sicily with sword in hand.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Ludwig Gabriel Glöckler: History of the diocese of Strasbourg. Printed by Le Roux, Strasbourg 1879, pp. 215-223.
  2. ↑ online on the website of the Herzog August Library
  3. ↑ Eduard Schuster: The castles and palaces of Baden. P. 116.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Auxiliary bishops are, according to their consecration, real bishops who do not have a diocese, but are supposed to assist the bishop because of his age or because of his worldly dignity, which prevents him from administering his diocese. You were given the title of a diocese that used to exist. That is why they were called Episcopus ipi (in partibus infidelium). In the 13th century it had become common practice in Germany to employ auxiliary bishops because bishops were often imperial princes there at the same time. They piled the offices. Sometimes they were just elect or not even ordained as priests .
predecessor Office successor
Berthold I. von Teck Bishop of Strasbourg
1244–1260 		Walter von Geroldseck
personal data
SURNAME Henry III. from Stahleck
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Heinrich von Dickra-Stahleck
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Roman Catholic Bishop of Strasbourg (1244–1260)
DATE OF BIRTH before 1238
DATE OF DEATH March 4, 1260