Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone

Herbert John Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone

Herbert John Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone GCB GBE GCMG KGStJ PC (* 7. January 1854 in Downing Street 12 , London ; † 6. March 1930 in Ware , Hertfordshire , England ) was a British politician of the Liberal Party , which between 1880 and 1910 represented the constituencies of Leeds and most recently Leeds West as a member of the House of Commons and was Minister of the Interior between 1905 and 1910 .

In 1910 he was raised to the hereditary nobility as Viscount Gladstone and was a member of the House of Lords until his death . At the same time he acted between 1910 and 1914 as the first Governor General of the South African Union , which belonged to the United Kingdom as Dominion .

Life

Origin, Member of the House of Commons and Junior Minister

His political career began Herbert Gladstone as a private secretary to his father, William Ewart Gladstone , four times Prime Minister was

Gladstone was the eighth and youngest child of the liberal politician William Ewart Gladstone , who was 63 years a member of the House of Commons, 27 years a cabinet member and 12 years prime minister, and his wife Catherine Glynne. His eldest brother, William Henry Gladstone, was also a member of the House of Commons between 1865 and 1885. His third oldest brother, Henry Neville Gladstone, was Lord Lieutenant of Flintshire between 1915 and his death in 1935, and after his elevation to hereditary nobility as 1st Baron Gladstone of Hawarden in 1932, he was also a member of the House of Lords until his death.

After attending the prestigious Eton College , he graduated from 1872 to 1876 to study history at the University College of the University of Oxford , which he with a Master of Arts graduated (MA). He then worked between 1877 and 1880 as a lecturer in history at the Keble College of the University of Oxford, which was founded in 1870 .

Gladstone then began his political career when he was briefly private secretary in 1880 to his father, who was again prime minister at the time . Shortly thereafter, on May 10, 1880, he was elected as a candidate of the Liberal Party himself for the first time as a member of the House of Commons and initially represented the constituency of Leeds until November 24, 1885 and then the Leeds West constituency until January 15, 1910 .

During his father's second term in office, he also held his first government offices, from 1881 to 1885 as Lord Treasurer ( Junior Lord of the Treasury ) and then in 1885 as Deputy Minister for Public Works (Deputy Commissioner of Works) . During the third term of his father as prime minister he was from February to July 1886 Financial Secretary in the War Office (Finance Secretary to the War Office ) . After his father had become the fourth prime minister on August 15, 1892, he took office as Undersecretary of State at the Home Office (Under-Secretary of State in the Home Office ) .

Chief Liberal Whip and Home Secretary

After Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery took office as Prime Minister on March 5, 1894, Gladstone took over his first ministerial office in his cabinet and held the office of Minister of Public Affairs until the end of the Earl of Rosebery's tenure on June 21, 1895 Works (First Commissioner of Works) . As such, he also became a member of the Privy Council .

In subsequent years, the Liberal Party in opposition has held Gladstone, who temporarily as justices of the peace (justice of the peace) functioned from Hertfordshire and the Grand Officer of the Order of the Crown of Belgium was 1899-1905 when (Chief Liberal Whip ) the function of the Parliamentary Chief Executive of the Liberal Group in the House of Commons.

On December 11, 1905, Gladstone, who was also Knight of Grace of the Order of Saint John (KGStJ) and who was inducted into the Order of St. Michael and St. George (GCMG) as Knight Grand Cross in 1910 , was given by Prime Minister Henry Campbell -Bannerman appointed Home Secretary in his cabinet. He also held this ministerial office under Campbell-Bannerman's successor Herbert Henry Asquith until February 19, 1910.

Member of the House of Lords and Governor General of the Union of South Africa

By a letters patent dated February 15, 1910, Gladstone was raised to hereditary nobility as Viscount Gladstone , of the County of Lanark, and was thus a member of the House of Lords until his death.

After leaving the House of Commons and the government, he was appointed the first Governor General of the Union of South Africa on May 31, 1910 by King George V and thus the King's representative in the country that belonged to the United Kingdom as Dominion. At the same time, he also acted there as high commissioner and held both offices until his replacement by Sydney Buxton, 1st Earl Buxton on September 8, 1914. During his tenure there, he received an honorary doctor of civil law from the University of Cape Town in 1911 (Honorary Doctor of Cicil Law ) awarded. In addition, he was honored as the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB) in 1914 and as the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE) in 1917 .

His marriage to Dorothy Mary Paget on November 2, 1901 remained childless, so that on his death the title of Viscount Gladstone expired. His father-in-law Richard Horner Paget was also a politician and represented various constituencies in the House of Commons between 1865 and 1895.

Web links

Commons : Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone at Hansard (English)
• Entry in Cracroft's Peerage
• Entry in Leigh Rayment Peerage
• Herbert John Gladstone, 1st and last Viscount Gladstone on thepeerage.com , accessed August 18, 2015.
• Newspaper article about Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone in the press kit 20th Century of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .

predecessor	Office	successor
New title created	Viscount Gladstone 1910-1930	Title expired