Hermann Otto Plum

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hermann Otto Pflaume before 1900

Hermann Otto Pflaume (born January 26, 1830 in Aschersleben , † August 4, 1901 in Würzburg ) was a German architect who lived and worked in Cologne for most of his life . From 1880 to 1901 he was a city councilor in Cologne and a member of the management and supervisory boards of several companies.

Life

Cologne Central Station, around 1893

Hermann Otto Pflaume came from a long-established family in Aschersleben; among the family members and ancestors are officials, city judges ( Johann Caspar Pflaume ) and councilors. He himself left his hometown after attending elementary school and high school and entered the Royal Building Academy in Berlin in 1850 . During his studies, during which he also did his military service as a one-year volunteer, he received his first major construction contract. This was Cologne's first “Centralbahnhof” (designed in 1856; opened in 1859).

In the previous year, his design for a new royal palace received second prize, and further awards followed. The appointment to Cologne turned out to be a stroke of luck for Pflaume's further career. His mentor since those days was Gustav von Mevissen , who was also President of the Rheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft . He was the leader of the A. Schaaffhausen'schen Bankverein , whose new bank building (1859–1862) made Pflaume well known. In 1857, the year of his graduation, Pflaume traveled to Italy for the first time. The study of villa and palace architecture there (for example in Florence ) shaped his later work, as did numerous subsequent stays in France.

Despite or because of his work as a Royal Prussian land and garrison builder from 1862 to 1872 in Düsseldorf and Cologne, Pflaume developed extensive construction activities in Cologne and its surrounding area and became the leading private architect. Marrying a Cologne woman from the upper bourgeoisie certainly proved to be an advantage here. Families like the manufacturers Pfeifer, Eugen Langen ( Pfeifer & Langen ), Otto Andreae , von Diergardt ( Schloss Morsbroich ), Guilleaume ( Felten & Guilleaume ) or Zanders , leading bankers like von Stein ( Bankhaus JH Stein ), Mevissen and Koenigs, von Schnitzler and Deichmann, merchants including Emil Oelbermann , Wahlen, Ossendorff or the “Fa. The Liebmann and Oehme brothers ”preferred his style.

Pflaume designed entire streets and quarters in Cologne. Unter Sachsenhausen and Gereonstraße owe their development to him, as did the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ring . The Kunstgewerbemuseum is perhaps the most important legacy of “his” hometown Cologne. As a result, Pflaume received the promotions, titles and awards that he was able to achieve as a royal master builder, such as the promotion to building inspector in 1869, to building council in 1881 and to secret building councilor in 1893.

After a spa stay in Bad Kissingen, Hermann Otto Pflaume died in Würzburg.

effect

Hermann Pflaume grave, Melaten cemetery Cologne (hall 70 a) with portrait medallion (bronze) by Wilhelm Albermann

In 1904 a street (Hermann-Pflaume-Strasse) was named in his honor in the up-and-coming Cologne district of Braunsfeld . The street not far from Schinkel , Raschdorff , Friedrich-Schmidt or Vincenz-Statz-Strasse connects Aachener Strasse with the city forest. Meanwhile, his nephew Hermann Eberhard Pflaume took over his studio, albeit no longer in its former size and importance. Because the era of villas and palaces of old style and size came to an end, at the latest with the end of the Wilhelmine era . In view of the sharp rise in real estate prices but also changes in the way of life and the economy, the Deichmann-Palais was laid down in Trankgasse in 1912 and the villa of the sugar manufacturer Valentin Pfeifer on Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ring (today's Allianz building) less than 20 years later . With the fall of the German cities in World War II, most of his works were lost. Only a few survived the course of time. Among them the Villa Zanders in Bergisch Gladbach , the Palais Langen built 1882–1886 for Johann Gottlieb von Langen in Cologne's von-Werth-Straße (today Gerling ; facade changed), the villa of the silk manufacturer Andreas Colsman called Red House in ( Langenberg ) and individual grave monuments on the "Millionärsallee" in the Melaten cemetery in Cologne.

Together with Julius Carl Raschdorff , Pflaume is considered to be the founder of the French-style neo-renaissance in the Rhineland, but in terms of architecture he was probably the more important, because in terms of style and characteristics of "his" architecture, he was more faithful and strict. His opinion and opinion was held in high regard in Cologne. "Noble and distinguished in art, that is what he was in life". Pflaume's oeuvre includes not only participation in 14 stock corporations and membership in at least eight associations, but also over 200 villas, city, residential and commercial buildings, grave monuments and competition designs.

The sculptor Wilhelm Albermann , who was also friendly, was Pflaume's artistic companion since the mid-1860s and created sculptures for numerous villas and several grave monuments based on Pflaume's designs.

literature

  • Cologne and its buildings. Edited by the Association of Architects and Engineers for Lower Rhine and Westphalia (= commemorative publication for the VIII. Hiking Assembly of the Association of German Architects and Engineers' Associations in Cologne from August 12 to 16, 1888) self-published, Cologne 1888.
  • Burned hot and indestructible. 140 years of tiles from Sinzig. Edited by the Ceramic Working Group in the HeimatMuseum Schloss Sinzig, Sinzig 2011, ISBN 978-3-930376-76-6 , p. 11 f.
  • Iris Benner: Cologne Monuments 1871–1918. Aspects of bourgeois culture between art and politics. (= Publications of the Cologne City Museum. Volume 5) Cologne 2003, ISBN 3-927396-92-3 .
  • Thomas Deres (arr.): The Cologne Council. Biographical Lexicon. Volume I: 1794-1919. (= Messages from the city archive of Cologne. 92nd issue) Cologne 2001, ISBN 3-928907-09-3 , p. 145 no. 167.
  • Eduard Firmenich-Richartz (ed.) With the participation of Hermann Keussen : Cologne artists in old and new times. Johann Jacob Merlos revised and expanded news of the life and works of Cologne artists. (= Publications of the Society for Rhenish History . IX.), L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1895, p. 670 f.
  • Ralf Gier: St. Claren – A fruit estate in the middle of the city. In: Am Römerturm. Two millennia of a Cologne district. (= Publications of the Cologne City Museum. Volume 7) Cologne 2006, ISBN 3-927396-99-0 , p. 137 ff.
  • Hiltrud Kier : The Cologne Neustadt. Planning, creation, use. (= Contributions to the architectural and art monuments in the Rhineland. Volume 23) Pädagogischer Verlag Schwann, Düsseldorf 1978, ISBN 3-590-29023-4 , p. 199 and others.
  • Hermann J. Mahlberg : The architect Hermann Otto Pflaume. In: Morsbroich Castle in Leverkusen. From the knight's seat to the avant-garde museum. Müller and Busmann, Wuppertal 1995, ISBN 3-928766-17-1 , p. 108 ff.
  • Werner Schmidt: The sculptor Wilhelm Albermann. Life and work. (= Publications of the Cologne City Museum. Volume 3) Cologne 2001, ISBN 3-927396-85-0 .
  • Alfred Stooß: Modern architecture. In: Konrad Adenauer (Ed.): Cologne. (= Germany's urban development .) 2nd edition, DARI, Berlin-Halensee 1925, pp. 94, 97.
  • Wolfgang Vomm: The Muses Villa. In: Bürgerburg + Musenvilla. Access to historical mansion buildings in Bergisch Gladbach. Rass, Bergisch Gladbach 2006, ISBN 3-9809631-8-7 , p. 151 ff.
  • Matthias von der Bank: Street names in Braunsfeld and Melaten. (= Publications of the Cologne City Museum. Volume 6) Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-927396-93-1 , p. 346 u. 356.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Hermann J. Mahlberg: The architect Hermann Otto Pflaume.
  2. ↑ Thomas Deres (arr.): The Cologne Council. Biographical Lexicon. Volume I: 1794-1919.
  3. ^ Ralf Gier: St. Claren – A fruit estate in the middle of the city. P. 189, note 211.
  4. ↑ Burned hot and indestructible. 140 years of tiles from Sinzig.
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Eduard Firmenich-Richartz (Hrsg.): Cologne artists in old and new times. P. 670 f.
  6. ^ Matthias von der Bank: Street names in Braunsfeld and Melaten.
  7. ↑ Stadt – Anzeiger of the Kölnische Zeitung No. 355 of August 6, 1901.
  8. ↑ Werner Schmidt: The sculptor Wilhelm Albermann. Life and work.
personal data
SURNAME Plum, Hermann Otto
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect and city councilor
DATE OF BIRTH January 26, 1830
PLACE OF BIRTH Aschersleben
DATE OF DEATH 4th August 1901
Place of death Wurzburg