Sacred Heart Church (Freiburg im Breisgau)
The Herz-Jesu-Kirche ( ) is a Catholic church in Freiburg im Breisgau in the Stühlinger district , which was consecrated in 1897 . It is a historicist building that is reminiscent of Limburg Cathedral with its double tower facade .
history
_01.jpg)
_02.jpg)
_01.jpg)
Foundation of the Church
After the development and development of the Freiburg district of Stühlinger from the 1870s onwards, the management of the Archdiocese of Freiburg began to worry about looking after the predominantly Catholic population living there, who at that time still belonged to the inner city municipality of St. Martin . As early as 1884 a local committee for church building had been founded, which dealt primarily with questions of space and financing.
After the Freiburg Archbishop Johann Baptist Orbin died in 1886, the Limburg Bishop Johannes Christian Roos became the new Archbishop of Freiburg. A first draft by the archbishop's deputy master builder Franz Baer (1850–1891) was not implemented. After Baer's death in 1891, the bishop appointed the former Limburg cathedral master builder Max Meckel as the new architect, who had already built the neighboring Blue Bridge between 1885 and 1886 , with the double tower façade in flight . After Meckel's finished plans for the church were available in January 1892, the first groundbreaking took place on June 10, 1892. The following April construction began on the tower. The church was finally consecrated on May 2, 1897 by the archbishopric administrator Justus Knecht . It was named Herz-Jesu-Kirche like many new Catholic churches built in the 19th century, since the devotion of the Sacred Heart was a big part of the Catholic Church in the 19th century.
Construction and equipment
The building is a basilica with a polygonal choir closure, transept and double tower facade. Contrary to Meckel's stylistic preference for neo-Gothic , the architect was required to draft a late Romanesque style so that the building would not compete with the cathedral. Meckel was able to fall back on his plans for the Maria-Hilf-Kirche in Wiesbaden, where he was bound in a similar way by the client's specifications to the Romanesque style. With Meckel's construction, the "romantic historicism" of the Karlsruhe-based Heinrich Hübsch school, which was still widespread in Baden at that time, is replaced by strict historicism, which is based on a more precise reproduction of medieval building forms. Shortly after Meckel was called in as a freelance architect to plan the Herz-Jesu-Kirche, the bishop appointed him diocesan master builder.
As with the other churches of the late 19th century in Freiburg, the effect of the building on the cityscape was of decisive importance for the design. With its mighty double tower façade, the building served the urban planning principle pursued under Mayor Winterer, namely to mark the expanding city of Freiburg with towers. The artists who supported Meckel in the design included the Freiburg glass painter Fritz Geiges , the Offenburg sculptor Franz Joseph Simmler , his colleagues Georg Busch and Balthasar Schmitt , the Munich architect Jakob Angermeier , the Freiburg sculptor Julius Seitz and the Frankfurt sculptor Hermann Jehs . In the gable of the main facade there is a portrait bust of Meckel below a Sacred Heart figure. The pulpit with reliefs by Georg Busch was made twice from terracotta by the stove manufacturer Carl Roth in Baden-Oth . One issue went to the former Gengenbach monastery church . The second copy was presented at the 1900 Paris World's Fair before it was installed in the Sacred Heart Church in 1901 .
Destruction and rebuilding
On the evening of November 27, 1944, the British Royal Air Force bombed Freiburg ; The Herz-Jesu-Kirche received no direct hit, but was severely damaged by the air pressure in the vicinity of the bombs. On December 17, 1944, the church received two direct hits from fighter bombers. The north transept and the sacristy collapsed in immediate succession. The services took place in the following years in the nearby parish hall of St. Klara. In September 1945 Archbishop Conrad Gröber entrusted the architect Gregor Schroeder with the management of the reconstruction. The pulpit was not reinstalled because of massive weather damage. The church could be rebuilt with donations and the help of the residents of the Stühlinger using 20,000 paving stones, 400 m 2 of wood and replacement glass. Archbishop Wendelin Rauch consecrated the church again on April 27, 1952 .
After the Second World War
In front of the church is the Marienbrunnen , built in 1954 , which is crowned by a statue of the Madonna by the Jewish sculptor Richard Engelmann . The Mayor of Freiburg, Wolfgang Hoffmann , had seen the much smaller first version of the work in the artist's studio as early as 1947 and then campaigned heavily for the installation of the larger version.
In 1962 a statue of the Virgin Mary by Siegfried Fricker was placed on the Marien Altar in the south aisle .
The new requirements from the Second Vatican Council were implemented from 1969. In the course of this work, the altar without the cafeteria and predella was added on an artificial stone base and a celebration altar by Bruno Knittel .
The church has been a listed building since 1984 . For the 100th anniversary in 1997, the exterior was renovated and the original condition (e.g. glazed tiles on the tower roofs) was largely restored. The reconstruction after the Second World War could not afford such extensive equipment.
In 2007/2008 the church was completely renovated inside and could therefore not be used at times. In addition to important restoration work , the baptismal font was moved to the front of the church and the benches were removed from the side aisles.
organ
_16.jpg)
In 1956 the church received an organ again with 45 registers, which was built by the Freiburg organ builder Willy Dold. During the renovation of the church in 2008, it was overhauled by the Freiburg organ building workshop in Späth .
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- Coupling : II / I, III / I (also as super and sub octave coupling), III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P (also as super octave coupling)
Bells
|
No. |
Surname |
Casting year |
Foundry, casting location |
Diameter (kg) |
Mass (kg) |
Percussive ( HT - 1 / 16 ) |
| 1 | Trinity | 1959 |
Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling , Heidelberg |
1,905 | 4,875 | a 0 +2 |
| 2 | Heart of jesus | 1,479 | 2,260 | d 1 +3 | ||
| 3 | Maria | 1952 | Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling, Heidelberg |
1,290 | 1,438 | e 1 +3 |
| 4th | Lambertus | 1,138 | 995 | f sharp 1 +3 | ||
| 5 | Joseph | 946 | 561 | a 1 +3 | ||
| 6th | Clare | 834 | 391 | h 1 +3 |
local community
The parish of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and the parish of St. Josef formed the pastoral care unit Freiburg-Stühlinger. Since January 1, 2015, it has been part of the Freiburg-Mitte pastoral care unit with the cathedral parish, the parishes of St. Martin and St. Josef and the Heilig Geist clinic parish , whose pastor is cathedral pastor Wolfgang Gaber.
In addition to the parish of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, the Croatian parish of Freiburg also uses the parish church for its services.
literature
- Festschrift to celebrate the dedication of the Sacred Heart Church in the Stühlinger district of Freiburg im Breisgau on May 2, 1897 . St. Johann Ludwig Association, Freiburg 1897.
- Gudrun Matys: "The cathedral tower enjoys the wreath of beautiful churches" - considerations on the Freiburg church buildings of the 19th century in relation to the cathedral . In: Journal of the Breisgau History Association "Schauinsland" 111, 1992, pp. 95–128, especially pp. 99–105 ( digitized version ).
- Franz Frank: 100 years of the Herz-Jesu-Kirche Freiburg im Breisgau. Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 1997, ISBN 3-7954-1122-X .
- The Freiburg Architects' Book - Building at the End of the Century 1898–1998. Poppen & Ortmann, Freiburg 1998, ISBN 3-7930-9206-2 , pp. 86-97.
- Werner Wolf-Holzäpfel : The architect Max Meckel 1847-1910. Studies on the architecture and church building of historicism in Germany, Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2000, ISBN 3-933784-62-X .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Illustration by Gudrun Matys: "The cathedral tower enjoys the wreath of beautiful churches" - considerations on the Freiburg church buildings of the 19th century in relation to the cathedral . Journal of the Breisgau History Association "Schauinsland" 111 (1992), pp. 95–128.
- ↑ The architect complains about this in his article in: Freiburg im Breisgau. The city and its buildings , ed. v. Baden Architects and Engineers Association Freiburg i. Br. 1898, p. 394.
- ↑ Werner Wolf-Holzäpfel: The architect Max Meckel 1847-1910. Studies on the architecture and church building of historicism in Germany, Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2000, ISBN 3-933784-62-X , p. 346 u. Note 162.
- ↑ Werner Wolf-Holzäpfel: The architect Max Meckel 1847-1910. Studies on the architecture and church building of historicism in Germany. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2000, ISBN 3-933784-62-X , p. 188.
- ↑ Werner Wolf-Holzäpfel: The architect Max Meckel 1847-1910. Studies on the architecture and church building of historicism in Germany. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2000, ISBN 3-933784-62-X , p. 177.
- ↑ herz-jesu-freiburg.de: Zwei Kanzeln ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed February 10, 2010.
- ↑ Ursula Grässlin: Much fuss about the Madonna from the Marienbrunnen , in: Bürgererverein Stühlinger: Leben im Stühlinger 2008 .
- ↑ a b Pastoral care unit Freiburg-Stühlinger: Parish Church of the Heart of Jesus - The redesign of the choir and the side altars; Second pulpit (1952–1969) ( Memento of the original dated February 11, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed May 23, 2010.
- ^ Konradsblatt , September 11, 2005 .
- ↑ Information on the organ
Coordinates: 47 ° 59 ′ 49.3 " N , 7 ° 50 ′ 13.5" E