Mercury (I) nitrate

Structural formula
General
Surname	Mercury (I) nitrate
Molecular formula	Hg 2 (NO 3 ) 2
External identifiers / databases
EC number	233-886-4
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.794
PubChem	17749586
ChemSpider	34991601
Wikidata	Q419761
properties
Molar mass	525.19 g mol −1 ;
Physical state	firmly
density	4.79 g cm −3 (dihydrate)
Melting point	Decomposition from 70 ° C
solubility	soluble in water
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 330-310-300-373-410
	P: 260-264-273-280-284-301 + 310
Toxicological data	5 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , mouse , ip ) ; 49.3 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , mouse , oral ) ; 170 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral ) ;
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Mercury (I) nitrate is a salt of monovalent mercury and nitric acid with the empirical formula Hg ₂ (NO ₃ ) ₂ .

presentation

Mercury (I) nitrate can be represented as a dihydrate by dissolving elemental mercury in cold, dilute nitric acid and crystallizing the salt by carefully concentrating it:

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {2 \ Hg \ +2 \ HNO_ {3} \ longrightarrow \ Hg_ {2} (NO_ {3}) _ {2} \ + H_ {2} \ uparrow}}

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {Hg_ {2} (NO_ {3}) _ {2} \ + \ 2 \ H_ {2} O \ {\ xrightarrow {\}} (Hg_ {2} (NO_ {3}) _ {2} \ cdot 2H_ {2} O) \ downarrow}}

Properties and structure

The highly toxic, solid nitrate dissolves well in water. When crystallizing from aqueous solutions, the dihydrate Hg ₂ (NO ₃ ) ₂ · 2 H ₂ O separates out in colorless, monoclinic crystals. The crystal lattice of the dihydrate is composed of linear [H ₂ O-Hg-Hg-OH ₂ ] ²⁺ cations with an Hg-Hg distance of 254 pm and nitrate anions coordinated on them. The anhydrous compound also consists of dimers with a linear Hg-Hg bond.

Due to the low stability of mercury (I) compounds, the nitrate disproportionates in the light and when the temperature increases with a dark color to elemental mercury and mercury (II) nitrate .

use

Mercury (I) nitrate is used as a reagent , for fire gilding , for blackening brass and for representing other mercury (I) compounds.

safety instructions

Because of its very good solubility in water, it can be absorbed through the skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract and the digestive tract. In the stomach, mercury (I) nitrate is converted into almost insoluble mercury (I) chloride . Toxicological studies on humans are not available for mercury (I) nitrate. In animals such as the mouse (5 mg · kg ⁻¹ intraperitoneally, 49.3 mg · kg ⁻¹ orally) and the rat (170 mg · kg ⁻¹ orally) the toxicity was high. Gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea occurred as symptoms of intoxication in both species.

Individual evidence

↑ External identifiers of or database links to mercury (I) nitrate dihydrate : CAS number: 14836-60-3, EC number: 233-886-4, ECHA InfoCard: 100.202.814 , PubChem : 51346573 , ChemSpider : 9493944 , Wikidata : Q419761 .
↑ ^a ^b Science-Online-Lexika: Entry on mercury nitrate in the Lexikon der Chemie. Retrieved June 26, 2009
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Entry on mercury (I) nitrate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 14, 2020(JavaScript required) .
↑ Not explicitly listed in Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , but with the specified labeling falls under the group entry inorganic compounds of mercury with the exception of mercuric sulphide and those specified elsewhere in this Annex in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
↑ Data sheet Mercury (I) nitrate dihydrate from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 22, 2011 ( PDF ).
↑ ^a ^b Archive for Toxicology. Vol. 20, Pg. 226, 1964.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 46 (8), Pg. 12, 1981.
↑ ^a ^b Franz v. Bruchhausen, Hermann Hager: Hager's handbook of pharmaceutical practice. 5th edition, Vol. 9 Substances P-Z , Birkhäuser, 1999, ISBN 9783540526889 , pp. 474-475

[1] External identifiers of or database links to mercury (I) nitrate dihydrate : CAS number: 14836-60-3, EC number: 233-886-4, ECHA InfoCard: 100.202.814 , PubChem : 51346573 , ChemSpider : 9493944 , Wikidata : Q419761 .

[woc-2] Science-Online-Lexika: Entry on mercury nitrate in the Lexikon der Chemie. Retrieved June 26, 2009

[GESTIS-3] Entry on mercury (I) nitrate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 14, 2020(JavaScript required) .

[CLP_100.240.785-4] Not explicitly listed in Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , but with the specified labeling falls under the group entry inorganic compounds of mercury with the exception of mercuric sulphide and those specified elsewhere in this Annex in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .

[Sigma-5] Data sheet Mercury (I) nitrate dihydrate from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 22, 2011 ( PDF ).

[archiv-6] Archive for Toxicology. Vol. 20, Pg. 226, 1964.

[Gigiena-7] Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 46 (8), Pg. 12, 1981.

[hager-8] Franz v. Bruchhausen, Hermann Hager: Hager's handbook of pharmaceutical practice. 5th edition, Vol. 9 Substances P-Z , Birkhäuser, 1999, ISBN 9783540526889 , pp. 474-475