His Lordship's Kindness
| His Lordship's Kindness | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| National Register of Historic Places | |||
| National Historic Landmark | |||
.jpg) Front facade His Lordship's Kindness |
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| location | Prince George's County , Maryland | ||
| Coordinates | 38 ° 46 '44 " N , 76 ° 50' 34" W | ||
| Built | around 1786 | ||
| NRHP number | 70000853 | ||
| Data | |||
| The NRHP added | April 15, 1970 | ||
| Declared as an NHL | April 15, 1970 | ||
His Lordship's Kindness , also known as Poplar Hill , is a historic mansion in Prince George's County , Maryland and has National Historic Landmark status .
architecture
His Lordship's Kindness was built in the style of Georgian architecture and is an excellent example of a multi-wing manor house from this period. It consists of a main building and two connecting structures, each leading to a side wing. The central building has a floor area of 17 × 14.6 m and the one-and-a-half-story side wing with a hipped roof is 4.5 × 6 m. The kitchen was in the east wing and a chapel in the west . The two one-story connecting buildings have a gable roof . Typical of His Lordship's Kindness are windows and skylights in the form of lunettes, such as the side of the entrance door to the connecting buildings, above the front window of the side wings and in the tympanum of the main building. The front facade of the central building is shaped by a slightly protruding pavilion in the middle, which forms the entrance area. Its door is flanked on each side by an elongated and narrow window and has a lunette-shaped skylight. The door frame is formed by two pilasters and a richly decorated roof . There is a large Venetian window above the entrance portal on the first floor .
The interior of the main building is dominated by a central hall, which is the width of the entrance pavilion and measures the whole depth of the house. Two narrow halls lead off from it and lead to the side wings. There is one room in each of the four corners on the ground floor. The stairs are in the rear of the central hall to the east. The carved banister is made of wood and has a handrail made of mahogany . The floor plan on the first floor, which has four bedrooms, corresponds to that of the ground floor. As preserved original structures, the manor includes a smokehouse , a dovecote , a laundry, an outhouse and a so-called “slave hospital”.
history
In 1703, Henry Darnall, a colonel in the Province of Maryland Civic Militia who immigrated to the Thirteen Colonies in the early 1670s , received a donation of 2,800 hectares from Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore . This was a relative of Darnall's wife, Eleanor Hatton Brooke. Out of respect for this generosity, Darnall gave the property the name by which it is known to this day. He was already the owner of the Woodyard and Darnall's Chance estates , so he owned nearly 11,000 hectares, roughly 10% of what is now Prince George's County when he died in 1711. In 1729 the son and heir Henry Darnall II, who had already sold a large part of the property due to financial difficulties, transferred 120 hectares of His Lordship's Kindness, including a house there , to his son , the first on this estate. From August 2, 1735 a contract between Henry Darnall III. and George Talbot, 14th Earl of Shrewsbury, who known Anne Talbot, wife of Darnal III. and niece of the Earl of Shrewsbury , assuring ownership of His Lordship's Kindness , should she outlive her husband. The first name of the estate and manor house as Poplar Hill has been handed down for the year 1740 . In 1744 Darnal III. Appointed Attorney General of the Province of Maryland after publicly renouncing Catholicism . When accusations arose that he was still secretly adhering to the Catholic faith and was raising his children in this way, the pressure on him finally became so great that he had to resign from this office in 1756. In 1761 Henry Darnal III. charged with embezzlement committed while serving as a naval officer. He fled the Thirteen Colonies with his son and heir Henry Darnall IV and mortgaged His Lordship's Kindness to Charles Carroll of Annapolis . His son Charles Carroll later married the daughter of Henry Darnall IV. Twelve years later, Robert Darnall I, a son of Henry Darnal III, bought the now dilapidated property. 1784 commissioned Robert Darnall I. plastering in Poplar Hill . As dendrochronological studies have shown, the old mansion was completely demolished at this time and built in its current form until 1786, which corresponds to the style of Georgian architecture .
At the end of the 18th century, the two connecting structures and side wings were added. His Lordship's Kindness remained in the family for the next six generations until 1929, with nephews and nieces in some cases of succession. The heiress Susan Daingerfield married the future Senator John S. Barbour junior in 1865, with whom she used Poplar Hill as a country house . Both are buried in the family crypt on the estate. In 1929, Rachel Cameron Hale bought Poplar Hill , which she renamed His Lordship's Kindness . She ordered the conversion of the chapel in the west wing into a study and redesigned the garden architecture. In 1940 Caroline E. Dunham bought the estate. In the "slave hospital" she set up a tea room in which she received the wealthiest circles in America, including Eleanor Roosevelt . In 1946, the well-known diplomat David KE Bruce acquired His Lordship's Kindness but hardly lived there. The manor house was mainly used by his wife as an exhibition room for her antique collection . In September 1954, the Archdiocese of Washington acquired His Lordship's Kindness to build a cemetery on the property. The manor house came into the possession of the married couple John and Sara Walton in 1955, who campaigned for the preservation of the estate and its recognition as a monument, for which a foundation was established in their name in 1988. The first public tours of the mansion took place three years later. In 1996, His Lordship's Kindness became a permanent museum. In the same year, the first Living History took place on the site, dealing with a field camp of the American Civil War .
His Lordship's Kindness has been on the National Register of Historic Places since April 15, 1970 and has the status of a National Historic Landmark .
Web links
- Homepage His Lordship's Kindness , John M. and Sara R. Walton Foundation
Individual evidence
- ↑ Patricia Heintzelman: His Lordship's Kindness: Nomination Form . In: National Register of Historic Places database . National Park Service , July 30, 1974, accessed June 29, 2017 (370 KB), p. 3
- ↑ a b c Patricia Heintzelman: His Lordship's Kindness: Nomination Form . In: National Register of Historic Places database . National Park Service , July 30, 1974, accessed June 29, 2017 (370 KB), p. 2
- ↑ Patricia Heintzelman: His Lordship's Kindness: Nomination Form . In: National Register of Historic Places database . National Park Service , July 30, 1974, accessed June 29, 2017 (370 KB), p. 5.
- ↑ Unless otherwise stated, the information in this section is based on the Timeline on the homepage of His Lordship's Kindness , John M. and Sara R. Walton Foundation, accessed on August 28, 2017.
- ^ His Lordship's Kindness in the National Register Information System. National Park Service , accessed June 29, 2017
- ↑ Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State: Maryland. National Park Service , accessed August 4, 2019.