Holtrop Church

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Holtrop Church

The Evangelical Lutheran Holtrop Church is in Großefehn , East Frisia - Holtrop . The rectangular Romanesque hall church made of brick dates back to the middle of the 13th century.

History and description

In the Middle Ages the church was under the provost vacancy in the diocese of Münster . The Holtrop Church is one of the larger village churches in East Frisia with a floor plan of 32.3 × 11.3 meters. On the outside of the long sides remains of the old pilasters are preserved, which divide the walls into three fields. The old arched portals are bricked up today. In the north wall there is still a small high-seated arched window. The larger windows with soffits were broken into later.

On the east side of the church there was originally a retracted semicircular apse , which, however, was demolished for structural reasons at the end of the 13th or the end of the 14th century. Since then, two buttresses have supported the straight eastern end. At the end of the 14th century, the choir bay was vaulted and the rood screen was installed. Originally there were side altars under the left and right arches. The base of the northern altar is proven. Through two hagioscope-like crevices in the rear wall of the rood screen, the liturgical events at the high altar could be followed outside the priestly choir. Only the beginnings of the three vaulted yokes in the nave have survived. A belt arch in the choir separates two elongated vaults.

When the organ found its place on the rood screen in 1772, the triumphal crucifixion group was hung on the north wall. As part of the church and organ renovation in 1972, the organ was moved to the west gallery, while the crucifixion group was restored to its original place on the rood screen after 200 years.

In the 19th century the walls were raised and today's pointed arch frieze was added. The neo-Gothic porch for the entrance in the west, which serves as a vestibule, also dates from this period.

In 2005 its original name “St. Jürgen ”in the archives of the regional church.

To the south of the church stands separately the leaning bell tower of the parallel wall type , which houses three bells.

Furnishing

The interior is closed off by a wooden mirror ceiling; originally the room was vaulted by three bays. During the church renovation in the early 1970s, a late Gothic fresco fragment from the second half of the 15th century was discovered on the north wall , depicting the Last Judgment.

Inside the church, the rood screen in front of the east choir, which is unusual in a village church, separates the front altar area from the parish area. It has three large round arches and is walled up on the back, except for the central passage. A rood screen has been preserved in only five of the original at least 26 East Frisian churches. The altar retable from the 17th century comes from the Cröpelin Art School in Esens and was restored in 2001. It depicts the Lord's Supper scene , the crucifixion and the resurrection in three images arranged one above the other . Tendrils and fittings as well as winding columns decorate the reredos. Openings under a segment arch in the altar block were used in the pre-Reformation period as sideboard niches for placing measuring jugs. In the 1970s, a simple brick cafeteria was built in front of the rood screen as a new altar close to the congregation. The baptismal font also dates from this time.

Stylistic similarities between pulpit and retable suggest the same date of origin in the 17th century. The rich fittings on the pulpit and heptagonal sound cover point to the outgoing Renaissance . The Evangelists and Christ are painted on the basket between the Ionic corner columns.

On the rood screen is a life-size crucifixion group from the 15th century, which shows his mother and his favorite disciple, John, next to the crucified Christ. Two small wingless angel figures catch the drops of Jesus' blood with goblets and thus point to the Eucharist . A third angel, who was probably further down, is missing. The four evangelist symbols are attached to the cross.

organ

Müller organ from 1772

A single manual historical organ by Hinrich Justus Müller from 1772 is on the west gallery of the church. Typical for Müller are the outwardly stepped seven-axis prospectus structure, the two-story flat fields, the richly profiled cornices and the climbing carving, which includes three wooden blind pipes on each side. Two trumpet-blowing angels crown the case, which was painted with a walnut grain. In 1883 the Rohlfs brothers repaired the plant. In the course of a renovation in 1933, P. Furtwängler & Hammer added a 16 'sub-bass to the pedal and replaced the Dulcian with an 8' flute. These measures were reversed by Rudolf von Beckerath Orgelbau when he extensively restored the instrument in 1976/77 and finally reconstructed the two original reed registers in 2000 . The instrument has eight registers and has the original disposition .

I Manual C – c 3
1. Principal 4 ′
2. Dumped 8th'
3. Reed flute 4 ′
4th Fifth 3 ′
5. Octav 2 ′
6th Mixture IV
7th Dulcian B / D 16 ′
8th. Trumpet B / D 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – d 1
attached

Parish

The Holtrop Church is the parish church of the Großefehntjer villages Akelsbarg, Felde, Wrisse and Holtrop, which includes about two thousand Protestant parishioners. It belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran Regional Church of Hanover . A specialty of the congregation is their Bible garden .

See also

literature

  • Hermann Haiduck: The architecture of the medieval churches in the East Frisian coastal area . 2nd Edition. Ostfriesische Landschaftliche Verlags- und Vertriebs-GmbH, Aurich 2009, ISBN 978-3-940601-05-6 , p. 69, 148, 210 f., 213 .
  • Gottfried Kiesow : Architecture Guide East Friesland . Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz , Bonn 2010, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 .
  • Justin Kroesen, Regnerus Steensma: Churches in East Friesland and their medieval furnishings . Michael Imhof, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-159-1 (translation from Dutch).
  • Manfred Meinz : The medieval sacred building in East Friesland . In: Treatises and lectures on the history of East Frisia . Volume 46. Aurich 1966.
  • Robert Noah: God's houses in East Frisia . Soltau-Kurier, Norden 1989, ISBN 3-922365-80-9 .
  • Hans-Bernd Rüdiger, Heinz Ramm: Frisian churches in Auricherland, Norderland, Brokmerland and in Krummhörn , Volume II, Jever 1990, without ISBN.
  • Heinz-Werner Theesfeld: Churches in the city and old district of Aurich. Dunkmann, Aurich 1981, pp. 62-67 ( online , PDF).
  • Harald Vogel , Reinhard Ruge, Robert Noah, Martin Stromann: Organ landscape Ostfriesland . Soltau-Kurier-Norden, Norden 1995, ISBN 3-928327-19-4 .

Web links

Commons : Holtrop Church  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Menno Smid: Ostfriesische Kirchengeschichte (= East Friesland in the protection of the dike. Vol. 6). Self-published, Pewsum 1974, without ISBN, p. 42.
  2. ↑ a b Theesfeld: Churches in the city and old district of Aurich. 1981, p. 62.
  3. ↑ a b c Kiesow: Architecture Guide Ostfriesland. 2010, p. 250.
  4. ↑ Kroesen, Steensma: Churches in East Friesland. 2011, p. 23.
  5. ↑ Kroesen, Steensma: Churches in East Friesland. 2011, pp. 52f, 174.
  6. ^ Ingeborg Nöldeke: Hidden treasures in East Frisian village churches - hagioscopes, rood screens and sarcophagus lids - overlooked details from the Middle Ages . Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7308-1048-4 , p. 55 ff.
  7. ↑ Kroesen, Steensma: Churches in East Friesland. 2011, p. 180.
  8. ↑ Homepage of the parish : St. Jürgen , accessed on April 16, 2019.
  9. ↑ Kroesen, Steensma: Churches in East Friesland. 2011, p. 166.
  10. ↑ Homepage of the parish: The old altar , accessed on April 16, 2019.
  11. ↑ Kroesen, Steensma: Churches in East Friesland. 2011, p. 44.
  12. ↑ Kroesen, Steensma: Churches in East Friesland. 2011, p. 182.
  13. ^ Homepage of the parish: Crucifixion Group , accessed on April 16, 2019.
  14. ↑ Reinhard Ruge (NOMINE eV): Holtrop, Ev.-luth. Church - organ by Hinrich Just Müller (1772) , accessed on April 17, 2019.

Coordinates: 53 ° 25 ′ 49.5 ″  N , 7 ° 34 ′ 3.3 ″  E