Horst Jonas

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Horst Jonas (born June 24, 1914 in Bremerhaven ; † June 22, 1967 in Neubrandenburg ) was a German politician ( KPD / SED ) and resistance fighter against National Socialism . He was the mayor of Neubrandenburg.

Life

Jonas was the son of the Jewish merchant Salomon Jonas (born in Osnabrück in 1880) and his wife Helene (born in Borna in 1887). Horst Jonas spent childhood and youth in Leipzig . He attended elementary school and secondary school. Jonas learned the trade of machine knitter. In 1929 he joined the SAJ and the SPD . In 1932 he joined the KJVD and the KPD .

After the " seizure of power " by the National Socialists , Jonas took part in the anti-fascist resistance struggle. He was the organ leader of the illegal KJVD in Leipzig. In May 1935 he was arrested and in 1936 the Supreme Court of Dresden because of "conspiracy to high treason " to four years and three months prison convicted. From 1935 to 1945 he was imprisoned in Zwickau prison and in the Elbe regulatory camp in Dessau / Rosslau as well as in the Sachsenhausen , Auschwitz and from November 1944 Buchenwald concentration camps. In Buchenwald concentration camp he belonged to the illegal party organization of the KPD and was involved in the liberation of Buchenwald concentration camp.

In 1945 he rejoined the KPD and became organizational secretary of the KPD district leadership in Erfurt. In 1946 he became a member of the SED. In 1946 he joined the German People's Police and was initially VP inspector in East Thuringia. From 1946 to October 1947 he was deputy head of the police in Thuringia . From 1947 to 1949 he succeeded Hans Kahle as the state police chief of Mecklenburg . In 1949 his parents, who had survived in exile in South Africa, moved to Schwerin. In 1947/48 Jonas was also a member of the SED's Thuringian government. In 1949 he was appointed head of the main training department of the German Economic Commission. From 1950 to 1953 he worked as cultural director at the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg and the VEB Leuna-Werke in Bitterfeld . In 1952/53 Jonas was a member of the SED district leadership in Leuna.

In 1953, in connection with the events of June 17, 1953, he received a party penalty (reprimand) for “capitulation”. Jonas was sent to the production department for "probation" or was appointed editor in the Quedlinburg local editorial office of the SED newspaper Freiheit . Here he began a correspondence course in journalism. From 1956 to 1961 Jonas was editor-in-chief of Freie Erde , the organ of the SED's district leadership in Neubrandenburg . From 1961 to 1963 he worked as labor director at Bau-Union Neubrandenburg. From 1963 until his death he was mayor of Neubrandenburg. Jonas had also been a member of the SED's Neubrandenburg district leadership since 1956.

Jonas died shortly before the age of 53 after a long and serious illness. His urn was in the grave conditioning Pergolenweg the memorial of the socialists at the Berlin Central Cemetery Friedrichsfelde buried, where his wife Katja is buried.

Awards and honors

  • Patriotic Order of Merit in bronze
  • In 1969 the Horst Jonas barracks in the Neubrandenburg district of Fünfeichen was named after him, and on October 6, 1972, the NVA news regiment 5 was given the honorary name "Horst Jonas"
  • In the Neubrandenburg district of Südstadt, the "Horst-Jonas-Straße" is named after him

literature

  • Federal Ministry for All-German Issues (Ed.): SBZ biography . Deutscher Bundes-Verlag, Berlin 1964, p. 165.
  • Walter Habel (Ed.): Who is who? The German who's who . Part II. Arani-Verlag, Berlin-Grunewald 1965, p. 115.
  • Detlef Stapf, Klaus Froh: Born in 1914: Horst Jonas. Life picture of a communist . Edited by the combat group "Horst Jonas" from VEB Reifenwerk Neubrandenburg 1984.
  • Andreas Herbst (eds.), Winfried Ranke, Jürgen Winkler: This is how the GDR worked. Volume 3: Lexicon of functionaries (= rororo manual. Vol. 6350). Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg 1994, ISBN 3-499-16350-0 , p. 160.
  • Gabriele Baumgartner, Dieter Hebig (Hrsg.): Biographisches Handbuch der SBZ / DDR. 1945–1990 . Volume 1: Abendroth - Lyr . KG Saur, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-598-11176-2 , p. 362.
  • Berit Olschewski: "Friends" in enemy territory. Red Army and German post-war society in the former Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 1945–1953 . BWV Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-830-51690-3 , p. 506.
  • Andreas Herbst:  Jonas, Horst . In: Who was who in the GDR? 5th edition. Volume 1. Ch. Links, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-86153-561-4 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Axel Seitz: Tolerated and forgotten: The Jüdische Landesgemeinde Mecklenburg between 1948 and 1990 . Edition Temmen, Bremen 2001, ISBN 3-86108-773-1 , p. 154.
  2. ^ Andreas Herbst, Winfried Ranke, Jürgen Winkler: This is how the GDR worked . Volume 3, Reinbek 1994, p. 160. According to Herbst (2010), Jonas did not join the KJVD until 1934.
  3. ^ Christiane Baumann: The newspaper "Freie Erde" (1952–1990). Cadre, topics, background of an SED district organ. Schwerin 2013, ISBN 978-3-933255-42-6 , pp. 48 .
  4. ↑ Neues Deutschland from June 24, 1967 and July 14, 1967.
personal data
SURNAME Jonas, Horst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (KPD / SED)
DATE OF BIRTH June 24, 1914
PLACE OF BIRTH Bremerhaven
DATE OF DEATH June 22, 1967
Place of death Neubrandenburg