Digital humanities
The interdisciplinary subject Digital Humanities ('digital humanities') comprises the systematic use of computer-aided processes and digital resources in the humanities and cultural studies as well as reflection on their application. Its representatives are distinguished by a traditional education in the humanities and cultural sciences as well as by their familiarity with a number of relevant concepts, procedures and standards in computer science . In Germany, in particular, the researchers are computer philology , the historical in computer science , the information science and computational linguistics . Typical fields of work and research are, for example, digital editions , quantitative text analysis, visualization of complex data structures or the theory of digital media.
About the terminology
“Digital Humanities” and “e-Humanities” are terms of a new kind, both of which are more common today than the somewhat older terms “Computing in the Humanities” and “Humanities Computing”. E-humanities is formed analogously to e-science and stands for “enhanced” or “enabled” humanities. So far, it remains unclear whether digital humanities are a subject, a method or a certain way of thinking, when the mere use of computers to answer questions in the humanities often leads to assigning them to digital humanities.
The first international symposium on the subject of "Literature and Data Processing" took place in Germany in June 1970 at RWTH Aachen University . Around 100 scientists, mathematicians, engineers and humanities scholars from different disciplines from six countries came together to discuss the relevance of modern electronic data and information processing for the humanities, which are increasingly being used in their traditional knowledge interests, research subjects and methods seen provoked and challenged by computers. From November 1973, regular colloquia on the use of EDP in the humanities were held at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen .
Science organization
The American professional organization The Association for Computers in the Humanities (ACH), the European Association for Digital Humanities (EADH) (until 2011 Association for Literary and Linguistic Computing (ALLC)) and the Canadian Society for Digital Humanities / Société pour l ' étude des médias interactifs (SDH-SEMI) are combined in the umbrella organization The Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations (ADHO). In 2013 the Association Digital Humanities in German-speaking countries (DHd) was founded as an associated regional association of the EADH.
One becomes a member of one of these organizations by subscribing to the journal Literary and Linguistic Computing , which is thus the most important specialist journal in this field. The ADHO organizes the Digital Humanities conference once a year , which takes place alternately in the USA, Canada or in Europe. In addition, the ADHO awards the Busa Prize every three years for special merits in the digital humanities.
The journal Literary and Linguistic Computing has existed since 1986, and other journals have been added over the years. The German-speaking forum on computer philology has existed since 1999 . Further relevant journals are listed in the literature section .
CenterNet is an international association of around 100 digital humanities centers from 19 countries. The organization serves the digital humanities and related disciplines.
criticism
In the traditional humanities, the digital humanities are widely regarded as "whimsical". The literary theorist Stanley Fish also claims that they undermine traditional values in the humanities. In addition, the digital humanities lack theoretical reflection and they allegedly tend to uncritically affirm technological, non-objective concepts. At the same time, the first DH analyzes in the area of cultural sociological diachrony provide some amazing results that both clearly confirm some prevailing opinions and clearly question others, such as the thesis of the increasing economization of modern societies.
subjects
Central topics of the humanities computer use are:
- Information retrieval (search procedure)
- Text mining and language processing
- Spatial Humanities and Geographic Information Systems
- Subject-specific databases
- Technical information
- Digital image processing
- Corpus Linguistics
- Long-term archiving
- Digitization and Society
Scientific projects
German projects
- Arachne database for archaeological objects and images
- Digital Art History Working Group (since 2012)
- Archivportal-D
- Verbaalpina
- ARTigo - Social Image Tagging
- Image index of art and architecture
- BStK Online: Database of Old High German and Old Saxon gloss manuscripts
- CATMA
- CLARIN-D
- coronarchiv
- DARIAH-DE
- German inscriptions online
- German biography
- German text archive
- eAQUA
- eIdentity
- Epigraphic database Heidelberg
- European history online
- eSciDoc
- GigaMesh software framework for 3D digitized material
- Graphics portal
- LegIT- The vernacular vocabulary of the Leges barbarorum
- LOEWE focus on Digital Humanities Hessen
- mainzed - Mainz Center for Digitality in the Humanities and Cultural Studies
- metropolitalia - Social Language Tagging
- Personal data repository (PDR)
- Portrait index
- Germanic Antiquity Online
- Sandrart.net - online edition of the "Teutsche Academie der Bau-, Bild- und Mahlerey-Künste"
- TextGrid
- VisArgue (2012-2016): Joint project at the University of Konstanz between political science, linguistics and information
- WisNetGrid
- Scientific communication infrastructure (abbreviation WissKI)
- WissGrid
- ZenMEM - Music Edition Media Center, BMBF Center for eHumanities, joint project of the University of Paderborn , TH Ostwestfalen-Lippe, HfM Detmold
Austrian projects
- Austrian Center for Digital Humanities (ACDH) at the Austrian Academy of Sciences
- Department of Image Science, Lab for Digital Humanities, Danube University
- Archive for digital art, formerly Database of Virtual Art since 2000, approx. 3500 discussed works
- Center for Information Modeling - Austrian Center for Digital Humanities at the University of Graz (ZIM-ACDH)
- Digital Humanities Austria
- MedienKunstGeschichte, since 2005 www.MediaArtHistories.org
- Graphic Collection Göttweig online, since 2007 www.gssg.at
- GAMS - Humanities Asset Management System
- Styria cultural and scientific heritage
Swiss projects
- corona-memory.ch
- SALSAH
- HyperHamlet
- Digital humanities are also one of the focal points of the Swiss Academy of Humanities and Social Sciences , which supports several infrastructure, research and network projects.
European projects
- CLARIN ERIC
- DARIAH-ERIC
- DiXiT
- Europeana
- ESFRI
- Interedition
- ICARus
- World Literary Atlas
- Venice Time Machine
American projects
literature
Introductory literature
- Fotis Jannidis, Hubertus coal, Malte Rehbein (eds.): Digital Humanities. An introduction . Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart 2017. ISBN 978-3-476-02622-4 .
- Susanne Kurz: Digital Humanities. Basics and technologies for practice . 2nd Edition. Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden 2016. ISBN 978-3-658-11212-7 .
- Susan Schreibman, Ray Siemens, John Unsworth (Eds.): A New Companion to Digital Humanities . John Unsworth, Chichester 2016 (first 2004)
- Dave M. Berry: The Computational Turn: Thinking About the Digital Humanities , in: Culture Machine, Vol 12 (2011), [culturemachine.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/10-Computational-Turn-440-893 -1-PB.pdf online]
- Manfred Thaller : Controversies around the Digital Humanities . In: Historical Social Research . tape 37 , no. 3 , 2012, p. 7-229 .
Introductions to individual questions of digital humanities
- Andreas Aschenbrenner, Tobias Blanke, Stuart Dunn, Martina Kerzel, Andrea Rapp, Andrea Zielinski: From e-Science to e-Humanities - digitally networked science as a new work and creative area for art and culture . In: library. Research and practice . tape 31 , no. 1 , 2007, p. 11-21 , doi : 10.1515 / BFUP.2007.11 .
- Christoph Classen, Susanne Kinnebrock, Maria Löblich: Towards Web History: Sources, Methods, and Challenges in the Digital Age . In: Historical Social Research . tape 37 , no. 4 , 2012, p. 97-188 ( web.archive.org ).
- Peter Haber : Digital Past. History in the digital age. Munich 2011.
- Oliver Grau : Museum and Archive on the Move: Changing cultural Institutions in the digital Era , Munich: DeGruyter 2017.
- Oliver Grau : The Complex and Multifarious Expression of Digital Art & Its Impact on Archives and Humanities. In: A Companion to Digital Art. Edited by Christiane Paul. Wiley-Blackwell, New York 2016, 23–45.
- Adelheid Heftberger: Collision of the squad. Dziga Vertov's films, the visualization of their structures and the digital humanities . Munich: edition text + kritik 2016.
- Heike Neuroth, Andreas Aschenbrenner, Felix Lohmeier: e-Humanities - a virtual research environment for the humanities, cultural and social sciences. In: library. Research and Practice, 3 (2007), pp. 272–279.
- Heike Neuroth, Fotis Jannidis, Andrea Rapp, Felix Lohmeier: Virtual research environments for e-humanities. Measures to optimally support research processes in the humanities. In: library. Research and Practice, 2/2009.
- Torsten Schrade: Epigraphy in the digital environment . (URN: urn: nbn: de: 0289-2011051816 ). In: Scriptum 1 (2011), No. 1. ISSN 2192-4457 . (Article available under a Creative Commons license).
- Torsten Schrade: From the inscription tape to the data object. The development of the epigraphic specialist portal “German Inscriptions Online.” In: Inscriptions as evidence of cultural memory - 40 years of German inscriptions in Göttingen. Contributions to the anniversary colloquium on October 22, 2010 in Göttingen, edited by Nikolaus Henkel. Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden 2012, pp. 59–72.
- Eva-Maria Seng, Reinhard Keil , Gudrun Oevel (eds.): Studiolo . Cooperative research environments in the eHumanities (= reflexes of immaterial and material culture. Volume 1). De Gruyter, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-11-036464-4 .
- Judith I. Haug (Hrsg.): Musicology in the digital age. Symposium of the Virtual Library for Musicology , Göttingen 2012. Munich, Münster and Berlin: Virtual Library for Musicology 2013.
Journals (chronological)
- Computers and the Humanities , since 1966, since 2005 as Language Resources and Evaluation.
- Literary and Linguistic Computing (LLC), since 1986, since 2015 as Digital Scholarship in the Humanities (DSH).
- Digital Studies / Le champ numérique , since 1992.
- Journal of Digital Information , since 1997.
- Forum Computer Philology, 1999–2012.
- Digital Medievalist , since 2005
- International Journal of Digital Curation , since 2006.
- Digital Humanities Quarterly (DHQ), since 2007.
- digiversity - web magazine for information technology in the humanities , since 2011.
- Journal of Digital Humanities (JDH), 2011–2014.
- Caracteres - Estudios culturales y críticos de la esfera digital , since 2012.
- Journal for Digital History , 2012–2015.
- Digital Philology: A Journal of Medieval Cultures , since 2012.
- ride - A review journal for digital editions and resources , since 2014.
- Digital Classics Online , since 2015.
- Journal for the digital humanities , since 2015.
- Journal of Cultural Analytics , since 2016.
Web links
- Peter Haber : Contemporary History and Digital Humanities , Version: 1.0, in: Docupedia Contemporary History , September 24, 2012.
- Digital Academy of the ADWL | Mainz
- Chair for Digital Humanities, University of Passau
- Trier Center for Digital Humanities
- Cologne Center for eHumanities
- Göttingen Center for Digital Humanities
- Teaching in the Digital Humanities (a portal of the IT group humanities of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München)
- Digital Humanities at Heidelberg University
- IT group humanities / LMU Center for Digital Humanities, LMU Munich
- Center for Information Modeling, University of Graz
- Kallimachos - Center for digital edition and quantitative analysis of the University of Würzburg
- Doing Digital Humanities (Bibliography)
Individual evidence
- ↑ See on this distinction u. a. David M. Berry: "The Computational Turn: Thinking About the Digital Humanities", in: Culture Machine 12, 2011, 2-4. URL: [culturemachine.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/10-Computational-Turn-440-893-1-PB.pdf] or Patrik Svensson: Humanities Computing as Digital Humanities, in: DHQ 3.3, 2009 .
- ↑ Swantje Dogunke: Glossary: Digital Humanities. In: blog.klassik-stiftung.de. June 17, 2015, accessed April 13, 2019 .
- ↑ Literature and data processing. A conference report , ed. by Helmut Schanze . Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen 1972 ISBN 3-484-10153-9
- ^ Computers and literature . A broadcast by WDR 3 on July 19, 1970 by Burghard Rieger for the "Literature and Data Processing" conference from July 15 to 17, 1970 at RWTH Aachen University
- ↑ 40 years ago: first of 90 Tübingen “digital humanities” colloquia. In: dig-hum.de. November 21, 2013, accessed May 19, 2019 .
- ↑ About . In: CenterNet . Retrieved July 26, 2012.
- ^ Benjamin Caraco: Les digital humanities et les bibliothèques . In: Le Bulletin des Bibliothèques de France . 57, No. 2, January 1, 2012. Retrieved April 12, 2012.
- ↑ Patricia Cohen: Digital Keys for Unlocking the Humanities' Riches. In: nytimes.com . November 16, 2010. Retrieved December 19, 2017 (American English).
- ^ Stanley Fish: The Digital Humanities and the Transcending of Mortality. In: nytimes.com. January 9, 2012; Retrieved January 14, 2018 (American English).
- ↑ Thomas Thiel: Digital Humanities: An empirical turning point for the humanities? In: faz.net. July 24, 2012, accessed January 12, 2018 .
- ↑ Steffen Roth: Fashionable Functions: A Google Ngram View of Trends in Functional Differentiation . In: International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction . tape 10 , no. 2 , 2014, p. 34–58 , doi : 10.4018 / 978-1-4666-9461-3.ch010 (English).
- ^ Object database and cultural archives of the Archaeological Institute of the University of Cologne and the German Archaeological Institute. In: arachne.uni-koeln.de. Retrieved June 6, 2018 .
- ^ Website of the “Digital Art History” working group. Retrieved July 3, 2018 .
- ↑ VerbaAlpina - the alpine cultural area reflected in its multilingualism. Retrieved June 21, 2020 .
- ↑ About Artigo. In: artigo.org. Play4Science project, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, accessed on September 13, 2018 .
- ↑ BSTK Online - Database of Old High German and Old Saxon glosses manuscripts. Retrieved April 24, 2020.
- ↑ eIdentity. In: ims.uni-stuttgart.de. Institute for Natural Language Processing at the University of Stuttgart, accessed on November 11, 2018 .
- ↑ Official website of the GigaMesh Software Framework. Retrieved April 16, 2020 .
- ↑ LegIT- The vernacular vocabulary of the Leges barbarorum
- ↑ LOEWE focus on Digital Humanities Hessen - Integrated processing and evaluation of text-based corpora. In: digital-humanities-hessen.de. Retrieved January 7, 2019 .
- ↑ mainzed - Mainz Center for Digitality in the Humanities and Cultural Studies. In: mainzed.org. Retrieved January 7, 2019 .
- ^ Website of the "metropolitalia" project. Retrieved February 5, 2019 (Italian).
- ↑ BBAW: Personal Data Repository , a DFG project to establish a digital infrastructure for scientific biographical information
- ^ Janna Hennicke: Person Data Repository
- ↑ sandrart.net. Herzog-August-Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel, accessed on February 8, 2019 .
- ↑ VisArgue: Analysis and visualization of political communication. In: wwwdns.kim.uni-konstanz.de. Retrieved February 25, 2019 .
- ↑ Boris Dreyer (ed.): The surveys in Hermos and Kaystrostal and the excavations at the thermal baths of Metropolis (Ionia) and at the stadium of Magnesia am Mäander: New methods and results . Results of the international and interdisciplinary conference at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg on November 3, 2012 (= Orient & Occident in Antiquity . No. 1 ). LIT-Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-643-12400-5 , The WissKI Project , p. 169 ff . (English, limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed March 9, 2019]).
- ^ Center for Music Edition Media. Retrieved May 16, 2019 .
- ↑ (c) 2003–2017 Danube University Krems - University for Further Education. All rights reserved .: Department of Image Sciences - Danube University Krems. Retrieved December 2, 2017 .
- ↑ Home - ADA | Archive of Digital Art. Retrieved December 2, 2017 (en-EN).
- ^ Institute - General. In: informationsmodellierung.uni-graz.at. Retrieved December 9, 2019 .
- ↑ http://digital-humanities.at/de
- ^ Media Art History. Retrieved December 2, 2017 (American English).
- ^ Graphic Collection of Göttweig Abbey. Retrieved December 2, 2017 .
- ↑ http://gams.uni-graz.at/context:gams
- ↑ http://gams.uni-graz.at/context:pardus
- ↑ Digital Humanities on sagw.ch, accessed on June 5, 2018.
- ↑ http://www.dariah.eu/
- ↑ http://www.dixit.uni-koeln.de/
- ^ World Literary Atlas
- ^ Project Bamboo Archive. Retrieved April 22, 2020 .