Hypselobarbus kolus

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Hypselobarbus kolus
Barbus kolus Day 141.jpg

Hypselobarbus kolus

Systematics
without rank: Otophysa
Order : Carp-like (Cypriniformes)
Subordination : Carp fish-like (Cyprinoidei)
Family : Carp fish (Cyprinidae)
Genre : Hypselobarbus
Type : Hypselobarbus kolus
Scientific name
Hypselobarbus kolus
( Sykes , 1839)

Hypselobarbus kolus , engl. Kolus , otherwise also called Kholashi , Rahoos or കാടി മീന്, is a carp fish from the Indian region.

description

Fishbase names a maximum length of 30 cm TL for Hypselobarbus kolus . The species is moderately high-backed, laterally flattened and shows a clear rise from the back of the head to the dorsal fin (dorsal). The eyes are large and close to the back. The mouth is a little subordinate. Hypselobarbus kolus has a pair of barbels . The scales are relatively small, with 40 to 43 scales along the sidelines . The number of scales from the front attachment of the dorsal fin down to the side line is 7.5, the number of scales around the tail stalk 18 and the number of scales around the middle of the body 31. The length from the snout to the front attachment of the dorsal fin is 49 to 51% the standard length , the muzzle length 50 to 51.5% of the head length (HL).

In his first description Sykes described the species as sub-cylindrical and laterally slightly flattened, the scales as small and of a silver-gray color. The species resembles Hypselobarbus mussullah , but is more plump and larger and of a more bluish color. 13 rays support the dorsal fin, 8 the anal fin (anal) and 10 the pelvic fins (ventral). The described small white tubercles on the snout or head are not a diagnostic feature, but a spawning rash .

distribution

The species is endemic to the Indian West Ghats Mountains. There it occurs in the states of Kerala , Karnataka , Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra . There are stocks of this fish species in the Cauvery River, Chalakudy River, Krishna River, in Bhadra , Godavari , Periyar , Karamana , Muvattupuzha, Tambraparini and in the Linganamakki reservoir in Sharavathi and in the Bhima-Sina-Man catchment area.

Habitat and way of life

Hypselobarbus kolus lives in fast-flowing stretches and reservoirs in upper and middle sections of the river and feeds on molluscs , insects , ostracods , diatoms , grass seeds and decomposed plant tissue. Little is known about the way of life of this species. The breeding business begins after the monsoons , when the adults develop bright colors.

use

Hypselobarbus kolus is used as a food fish.

Hazard and protection

Hypselobarbus kolus is threatened by destructive fishing methods, sand degradation , loss of habitat through silting and settlement construction, and deforestation. In parts of the distribution area the species is also overfished . There are no protective measures. The populations have declined by 30 to 40% in the last ten years and continue to decline, so that Hypselobarbus kolus is classified by the IUCN as Vulnerable (VU).

Taxonomy

Hypselobarbus kolus was described by Sykes as Barbus kolus , synonyms are also Gonoproktopterus kolus or Puntius kolus . Menon and Remadevi (1995) synonymized the species with Hypselobarbus curmuca , later Vairavel et al. (1998) first tracked Hypselobarbus kolus in Kerala and viewed it as a separate species again. Based on the mitochondrial genome as well as meristic , morphometric and osteological properties, it is a valid species.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Hypselobarbus kolus on Fishbase.org (English)
  2. ↑ a b Shrikant Jadhav et al. : Freshwater fishes of Maharashtra. 2012, in: Fauna of Maharashtra, State Fauna Series , 20 (Part 1), pp. 247-367. ( Online )
  3. ↑ M. Arunachalam, S. Chinnaraja, RL Mayden: On the identity of Barbus (= Hypselobarbus) gracilis Jerdon (1849) and description of a new species of Hypselobarbus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from Western Ghats, peninsular India. 2016 in FishTaxa 1 (2), pp. 75–83. ( Online )
  4. ↑ Lieut.-Col. WH Sykes: On the Fishes of the Dukhun. 1839 in: The Transactions of the Zoological Society of London , Volume II, p. 357. ( Online )
  5. ^ Carl Theodor Ernst von Siebold: The fresh water fish of Central Europe. Pp. 230, 213. ( Online )
  6. ↑ a b c d e f Hypselobarbus kolus in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015.4. Posted by: Raghavan, R. & Ali, A., 2010. Retrieved February 6, 2016.

Web links