Your securely built Alps ...
Your securely built Alps ... is a hymn design by Friedrich Hölderlin . It is on pages 43–44 of the Homburg folio and was created at the time it was written, between 1802 and 1807. It was first printed in 1916 in Volume 4 of the historical-critical series begun by Norbert von Hellingrath and Friedrich Seebaß (1887–1963) Edition of Hölderlin's works.
The character of the Homburg folio with completed poems, drafts and small fragments, often written on top of each other, made the development of a text intended by Hölderlin difficult and uncertain as a result. In this article the text of the historical-critical Stuttgart edition published by Friedrich Beissner , Adolf Beck and Ute Oelmann (* 1949 ) and the text of the work edition published by Michael Knaupp (right) are compared. Hellingrath and Seebass offer yet another text. Friedrich Beissner gave the title to the untitled draft in the Homburg folio.
Martin Anderle, Fritz Martini and, earliest and most urgently, Wolfgang Binder attempted interpretations. Binder writes that if not a poem, then at least he wants to regain the idea of a poem that belongs to the group of “patriotic chants”.
text
Your securely built Alps!
The
And you gently glancing mountains,
Where over the bushy slope
5 the Black Forest drizzles,
And scents down the Loke of
the fir trees,
And the Nekar
and the Danube!
10 In the summer, fever
wafts about with love, the garden
and the linden trees of the village, and where
the poplar willow blooms
and the silk tree
15 On holy woodland,
and
you good cities!
Not unformed, impotent when
mixed with the enemy
20 What
Suddenly it goes away
And does not see death.
But when
And Stutgard, where I might lie buried
25 A moment
, there
Where the road
bends, and
around the Weinstaig,
30 And the sound of the city is again
down below on the flat green,
silent sounding under the apple trees of
Tübingen where
And Blize fall
35 Am bright days
and Roman sounds flexed the Spizberg
and fragrance
and Tills Thal, that
Your securely built Alps!
The temple and the tripod and the altar
Because the
heavenly ones are always one with each other 5 of the good spirits, There the wholesome of them The Wirtemberg And you gently glancing mountains, Where over the bushy slope 10 The Black Forest sighs, And fragrances pour down the Loke of the fir trees, And the Nekar and the Danube! 15 In summer the fever wafts about with love, the garden and the linden trees of the village, and before the eyes the poplar willow blossoms and the silk tree 20 On a holy meadow, and you good cities! Not unformed, impotent when mixed with the enemy 25 What at once it goes away And does not see death. But when And Stutgard where I 30 A Augenbliklicher buried probably lying there where the road Bieget, and the Weinstaig, 35 And the city sound again find yourself down there on level Green Still The photochromic under the apple trees Des Tübingen where And Blize fall 40 Am bright days and Roman sounds flexed the Spizberg and fragrance and Tills Thal, that
interpretation
Like many others, the poem is an imaginary wandering. But it doesn't wander like The Wanderer in Distance, which Holderlin has never seen, “I stood lonely and looked out into the African arid / plains” and “Far from the northern pole I came up in ships”. Rather, it is limited to what Holderlin knew directly. It also becomes a prize for Hölderlin's beloved Swabian homeland, such as the completed elegies Heimkunft and Stutgard, which are in first and third place in the Homburg folio, and like the somewhat earlier “Vaterländische Gesang” The Hike - “Glükseelig Suevien, my mother”.
The hike begins with the Alps, as in The hike verses 7–8 - “And the Alpine mountains of Switzerland also overshadowed / Neighbors you”; in Heimkunft verse 1 - "Inside the Alps it's still light night"; and in Der Rhein verse 2-4 - "just, since the golden noon / visiting the source came down / from the stairs of the alpine mountains". Hölderlin had only recently experienced the Alps as a private tutor in Hauptwil , in January 1801. The idea goes from the Alps to the northwest. Her invocation "You safe-built Alps!" Is followed by the invocation "you gently looking mountains" of the Black Forest. From Nürtingen via Strasbourg to Bordeaux , where he would take up another private tutor position, Hölderlin had come through the Black Forest for the first time in December 1801. In the “four very dense, concise verses” 4–7 (counting according to the Stuttgart edition ) you can see the mountains rising over the “bushy slope”, hear the rustling above and perceive the smells of the fir trees pouring down in the opposite direction. The Neckar and Danube spring in the Black Forest, sung about in Der Nekar - “In your valleys my heart woke up to me” - and Der Ister - “But this is called the Ister. / He lives beautifully. "
Neckar and Danube flow eastwards, towards the villages of home. Hölderlin characterizes them botanically, linden trees, poplar willows, silk trees, sacred willows. Assonances bind together the verses: "The Pappelw ei de blooms / And the S ei denbaum / h on ei liger W ai de". The poplar willows are white or black poplars, the silk trees are mulberry trees , the leaves of which are used to feed the silkworms .
With the third “you” Holderlin calls on the “good cities” (verse 17). According to Binder, the fact that they are called “not shapeless, impotent with the enemy / mixed”, whereby the negation probably also applies to “impotent mixed with the enemy”, may be equated with “well ordered”: well ordered cities.
The following verses 20-23 cannot be interpreted, but with “death” they form a bridge to the death motif, which is now unexpectedly linked to the first named city, “Stutgard”. Now (verse 24) the "I" of the poem emerges, "one may say the I of the poet". As a “momentary” he knows about his transience, and he wants the “Weinstaig” as the place of his grave, the old Weinsteige , which he often hiked from Tübingen or Nürtingen and from where the view down to the Stuttgart valley floor opens. “Down on the flat green” (verse 31), the quiet sound of the city and the apple trees unite to form an image of peace.
In the second named city, Tübingen, Hölderlin attended the Evangelical Abbey for five years, from 1788 to 1793 . Three memories sound. In 1789 he had written: “And lo and behold, at clear noon / It strikes me, the enthusiasm hour.” As with “Blize <…> on the bright day” (verses 34-35) he likes to sketch the draft remembered such moments of excitement. From Tübingen he had sometimes walked on the " Spizberg " in the direction of the Wurmlinger Kapelle . An old Roman road passes south of the foot of the mountain, and so the view, which initially went from the Alps to the northwest, turns back to the south. Also “Tills Thal” (verse 38) nearby, one doesn't know exactly where, was a goal of Holderlin and his friends. Johann Jakob Thill (1747–1772), also a pupil of the Tübingen monastery, wrote poetry there. Hölderlin had thought of the early deceased in the poem An Thills Grab in 1789 .
Binder believes the draft defines the geographical framework of the intended poem. It forms a figure that recurs in its beginning: from the Alps to the northwest to the Black Forest, from there with the Neckar and Danube to the east, then to the north, from Stuttgart back to the more southern Tübingen, from which the imagination turns further south, to the starting point. Recurring elements formed leitmotifs , acoustic - whizzing (verse 5), sound (verse 30), silent (verse 32), resounding (verse 36) - and olfactory - fragrances (verse 6), fragrances (verse 37). "The existing verses are <...> a poetic structure."
The hike is limited to Hölderlin's real experiences, from Tübingen to Bordeaux, and focuses on the end. It is saturated with memories of these fourteen years, as the approximately simultaneous remembrance is saturated with the memories of the four months in Bordeaux.
Artistic consequences
In 1924 Ernst Krenek composed her gently looking mountains for alto and male choir a cappella .
Peter Härtling published a novel Hölderlin in 1976 . In Nürtingen in 1804, Hölderlin thinks “beautiful, gentle images from the past: 'And Thills valley, that…'”.
Uta-Maria Heim quoted verses from the draft, among other things as a motto , in her crime novel Das Rattenprinzip , published in 1991 .
In 1992, Karl Ottomar Treibmann Hölderlin composed letters and poems for baritone, flute and piano, including Your Safe Buildings.
literature
- Martin Anderle: The landscape in the poems of Hölderlin. Bouvier Verlag Herbert Grundmann, Bonn 1986. ISBN 3-416-01913-X .
- Adolf Beck and Paul Raabe : Hölderlin. A chronicle in text and pictures. Insel Verlag , Frankfurt am Main 1970.
- Wolfgang Binder: Hölderlin's Laudes Sueviae. Interpretation of the hymn-like design "Your safe-built Alps". In: Hölderlin essays. Insel Verlag , Frankfurt am Main 1970.
- Friedrich Hölderlin: Homburg Folioheft - Homburg.F. Digitized version of the Württemberg State Library, Stuttgart. Retrieved January 4, 2014.
- Friedrich Hölderlin: Complete Works. Big Stuttgart edition . Edited by Friedrich Beissner, Adolf Beck and Ute Oelmann. Kohlhammer Verlag , Stuttgart 1946 to 1985.
- Friedrich Hölderlin: All works and letters. Edited by Michael Knaupp. Carl Hanser Verlag , Munich 1992 to 1993.
- Fritz Martini: Holderlin in Stuttgart. In: Christoph Jamme and Otto Pöggeler: O Fürstin der Heimath! Glükliches Stutgard: Politics, Culture and Society in the German Southwest around 1800 . Klett-Cotta Verlag , Stuttgart 1988. ISBN 3-608-91451-X .
References and comments
- ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 2, 1, pp. 231–232.
- ↑ Knaupp 1992 to 1993 Volume 1, pp. 396-397.
- ↑ Binder 1970.
- ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 2, 1, p. 80.
- ^ A b Stuttgart edition, Volume 2, 1, p. 138.
- ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 2, 1, p. 96.
- ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 2, 1, p. 142.
- ↑ Beck and Raabe 1970, p. 62.
- ↑ Binder 1970.
- ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 2, 1, p. 17.
- ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 2, 1, p. 190. Ister is the ancient Greek name of the Danube, according to Beissner of the entire river, not just the lower reaches.
- ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 2, 2, p. 813.
- ↑ a b Martini 1988.
- ↑ To the rest. Stuttgart edition Volume 1, 1, p. 92.
- ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 2, 2, p. 866.
- ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 7, 1, p. 393.
- ↑ Anderle 1986.
- ↑ Your gently looking mountains on the Universal Edition website. Retrieved January 12, 2014.
- ↑ Peter Härtling: Hölderlin. Luchterhand , Darmstadt 1976. ISBN 3-472-86407-9 .
- ↑ Uta-Maria Heim: The rat principle. Rowohlt Verlag , Reinbek near Hamburg 1991. ISBN 3-499-43013-4 .