Indian-Australian plate

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The large lithospheric plates, the Indian-Australian plate at the bottom right

The Indo-Australian Plate is one of the largest lithospheric plates in terrestrial plate tectonics , carries India and Australia , extends along Sumatra to New Zealand , and is largely covered by the Indian Ocean .

Geographical location and tectonics

The Indo-Australian Plate borders the Antarctic Plate in the southeast Indian Ridge and the African Plate in the Carlsberg Ridge . The ocean floor spreading of these ridges drives the Indo-Australian plate to the northeast, causing it to collide with the Eurasian and Pacific plates . There is a confrontation in the north of the Indo-Australian plate, where the Himalayas originated. On Sunda Arc , the Indo-Australian plate slides in the Java trench under the Eurasian plate. The speed of this subduction is 6 to 7 cm per year. In Banda Arc Indo-Australian Plate, Eurasian Plate and Pacific Plate meet together and form a 650 km deep rejection . New Guinea is on the Indo-Australian Plate, and New Zealand on it and the Pacific Plate. The Pacific plate pushes over the Indian-Australian plate and thus forms the Southern Alps .

assumptions

In the 1960s, when the theory of plate tectonics was verified , a cruising mid-ocean ridge was suspected in the Indian Ocean, but it does not exist. From the sensation at that time, the widespread opinion remained that there was an Australian record in addition to an Indian record. In the case of local considerations, experts also use the abbreviation of the Indian plate or the Australian plate when referring to the Indian-Australian plate. But there are indications that in a few million years it could break into an Indian plate and an Australian plate . In Wharton Basin there are many old cracks, which for two earthquakes four new came in April 2012 found. Such a crack is around 250 km long.

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Herwig Wakonigg: The east Atlantic volcanic islands . Lit Verlag , 2008, ISBN 978-3-8258-1829-6 , pp. 22 ( excerpt online from Google [accessed April 21, 2014]).
  2. ↑ Roland Walter : Earth history - the formation of the continents and oceans . 5th edition. Verlag Walter de Gruyter , 2003, ISBN 3-11-017697-1 , p. 287 ( excerpt online from Google [accessed April 22, 2014]).
  3. ↑ a b GITEWS - German-Indonesian Tsunami Early-Warning System (PDF; 1.24 MB) In: Biennial Report 2004/2005 . GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam . Retrieved April 21, 2014.
  4. ↑ 6.2 magnitude earthquake off the Indonesian island of Java . Federal Institute for Geosciences and Raw Materials . May 28, 2006. Retrieved April 21, 2014.
  5. ↑ Tectonics: Puzzle of the Banda arch solved . Springer Science + Business Media . July 30, 2010. Retrieved April 21, 2014.
  6. ↑ a b David Voelker: Maps of the Oceans . Free University of Berlin . Archived from the original on June 17, 2014. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved April 22, 2014. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / meeresgeo.geoinf.fu-berlin.de
  7. ↑ Dreamland between the continents . In: Fascination Earth . ZDF . February 23, 2010. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved April 21, 2014. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.zdf.de
  8. ↑ Travel speed: a few centimeters annually . In: The time . April 12, 1968 ( online [accessed April 22, 2014]).
  9. ↑ A tectonic plate rips open in the Indian Ocean . In: Deutschlandradio Kultur . September 28, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2014.
  10. ↑ Lydia Klöckner: Before Sumatra, the continental plate is tearing apart . In: Zeit Online . September 27, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2014.
  11. ↑ Sumatran earthquake . In: GeoForschungsZeitung . German Research Center for Geosciences , April 2012, p. 3 ( PDF; 966 KB [accessed April 21, 2014]).