Intel Cascade Lake microarchitecture

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Cascade Lake (micro architecture)
Manufacturer Intel
Manufacturing
process 		14 nm ++
base Socket 3647 (Socket P)
Sales
description 		Xeon Scalable Processors 2nd Generation
Cores / threads 28/56
L1 cache 32 + 32 KB per core
L2 cache 1 MB per core
L3 cache 1.375 MB per core
predecessor Skylake

Cascade Lake is the code name of a processor microarchitecture from the chip manufacturer Intel, this microarchitecture is the successor to the Intel Skylake microarchitecture , the microarchitecture was announced in the summer of 2018 at the hot chips conference , and its data was published on April 3, 2019. Cascade Lake is manufactured using Intel's 14 nm ++ manufacturing process, the second optimization of Intel's 14 nm manufacturing process.

design

The basic design has not changed much compared to the Skylake generation: cache sizes, cache organization have remained the same, the so-called "mesh" for connecting the individual cores has remained the same. Additional AVX-512 instructions for small data types (8bit and 16bit integer) from the field of deep learning, the so-called VNNI instructions (Vector Neural Network Instructions Word Variable Precision), have been added, so Cascade Lake is the first Xeon server to have CPU pulled level with the AVX-512 implementation of the no longer developed Intel Xeon Phi - Knights Mill.

Hardware protection mechanisms against cache side-channel attacks (branch target injection and rogue data cache load or specter and meltdown) were partly installed. However, in November 2019, ZombieLoad attack variants were published, which are directed as 'Transactional Asynchronous Abort' against Intel's Cascade Lake microarchitecture.

Also new is the support for "persistent memory" (Intel designations 3D XPoint or Optane) in the form of DDR4 DIMM modules, which can either be addressed directly like main memory ( memory mode ) or in a so-called app direct mode , which has a file system -like access allowed.

Due to the manufacturing process, which has been further optimized in comparison to the direct predecessor Skylake Scalable Processors, higher clock frequencies are possible with the NUMA processors.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ https://www.nextplatform.com/2018/08/22/the-skinny-on-future-cascade-lake-xeons/
  2. ↑ Shaun Nichols November 12, 2019 at 18:02: True to its name, Intel CPU flaw ZombieLoad comes shuffling back with new variant ( en )
  3. ↑ Catalin Cimpanu: Intel's Cascade Lake CPUs impacted by new Zombieload v2 attack ( en )