Iodine chloride
Structural formula | |||||||||||||||||||
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General | |||||||||||||||||||
Surname | Iodine chloride | ||||||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | ICl | ||||||||||||||||||
Brief description |
red-brown oil or ruby-red needle-shaped crystals |
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External identifiers / databases | |||||||||||||||||||
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properties | |||||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 162.36 g mol −1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Physical state |
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density |
3.1 g cm −3 |
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Melting point |
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boiling point |
94.4 ° C (decomposition) |
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solubility |
Decomposes in water |
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safety instructions | |||||||||||||||||||
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Thermodynamic properties | |||||||||||||||||||
ΔH f 0 |
−23.8 kJ / mol |
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As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
Iodine chloride (also iodine monochloride ) is an interhalogen compound , which consists of the elements iodine and chlorine . It was discovered in 1814 by Humphry Davy and also independently by Gay-Lussac .
Extraction and presentation
Iodine chloride can be made from the elements or by boiling iodine in aqua regia .
properties
Iodine chloride decomposes in water to form hydrogen chloride , iodic acid and iodine. The solid α-form has a pungent smell and is not very hygroscopic , it forms ruby-red needles. The metastable β-form is in the form of brown-red, rhombic panels.
use
Iodine chloride can be used for iodination . The iodine value can also be determined with an acetic acid iodine chloride solution ( Wijs method).
safety instructions
Iodine chloride is generally corrosive ; the vapors / aerosols cause coughing, dyspnoea and irritation of the mucous membranes. The lowest known lethal dose is 50 mg / kg body weight orally in rats, or 500 mg / kg when absorbed through the skin .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Entry on iodine chlorides. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on June 4, 2015.
- ↑ a b c Entry on iodine chloride in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 17, 2020(JavaScript required) .
- ^ A b c d e f A. F. Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 101st edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-11-012641-9 , p. 465.
- ^ VH Wallingford and Paul A. Krueger: 5-Iodoanthranilic Acid In: Organic Syntheses . 19, 1939, p. 52, doi : 10.15227 / orgsyn.019.0052 ; Coll. Vol. 2, 1943, p. 349 ( PDF ).
- ↑ Data sheet iodine chloride (PDF) from Merck , accessed on January 19, 2011.