Ivan Musić

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Ivan Mušić as voivode of Lower Herzegovina (around 1875). He wears the uniform, the saber and the pistol, which he received as a gift from Prince Nikola of Montenegro .

Ivan Musić (born December 24, 1848 in Klobuk near Ljubuški , Paschalik Herzegovina , Ottoman Empire ; † 1888 in Belgrade , Kingdom of Serbia ) was a Catholic priest in the Franciscan Order (OFM) and leader of Croatian irregulars in the Herzegovinian uprising (1875-1878) against the Ottoman rule.

Live and act

Ivan Musić was born as the son of the farmers Stipan (Stjepan) Musić and his wife Iva (née Kraljević from Čerigaj, Široki Brijeg ) in western Herzegovina . On December 27, 1848 he was baptized by his maternal uncle and later sponsor Anđeo Kraljević (1807-1879), the bishop of the Mostar-Duvno diocese . Musić received a school education at the Franciscan high school in Široki Brijeg and prepared for his future as a Franciscan religious priest. He entered the Bosnian Province ( Provincia Bosna Argentina ) of the Franciscan Order, took the religious vows on January 31, 1863 and took the religious name Šimun. In the course of a conspiratorial affair, he had to flee in 1869. After the intervention of the French consul Moreau with the vizier Osman-paša , he and his fellow student, Petar Božić , who were involved in the conspiracy , received a scholarship to study medicine in Istanbul . He did not stay long in Istanbul, but continued his theology studies in the Archdiocese of Esztergom ( Hungary ). After completing his theology studies, he was sent to Ravno in eastern Herzegovina as a Catholic pastor in 1873 . Over time, Musić became aware of the situation of the Catholic farmers, who were living in great poverty under the tax burden of the Ottoman Empire . As an educated and eloquent man, Ivan Musić was able to mobilize the population and, in an emergency, also help with the military organization.

When he heard about the development of an armed uprising against Ottoman rule in the Nevesinje area in 1875 , Musić began to independently set up units to participate. In a few days he gathered a group of fighters from the Catholic population of his parish under his command with whom he undertook raids. In some cases, rebellious Catholics from other areas also joined him. Musić played an important role during the uprising through his operations on the Klobuk - Bileća - Gacko - Foča line . Musić and his men distinguished themselves, among other things, in the relief of Stolac . In contracts signed by him, he carried the self-designation Don Ivan Musić, Vojvoda donje Ercegovine ( Don Ivan Musić, Vojwode of Lower Herzegovina). When the uprising came to an end with the invasion of the Austro-Hungarian troops, Musić - who refused to officiate again as a clergyman - quickly lost his reputation. He then moved via Montenegro to Belgrade where he worked as a civil servant and died of an illness at the age of 40.

family

Musić married Cvija Vukasović, who came from Stolac and was of the Orthodox faith. A daughter of the two died in childhood. The younger daughter Delfa was born on March 6, 1881 in Podgorica . She later married the Serbian diplomat and writer Ivan Ivanić (1867–1935). Delfa Ivanić was Serbian writer, translator and was as a humanitarian assistant in the Balkan wars and the First World War excellent. She died childless in Belgrade on August 14, 1972.

Appreciations

The municipality of Stolac erected a bust of Ivan Musić with a plaque in the center of the town in 1998 on the occasion of the 120th anniversary of the end of the Croatian uprising against centuries of Ottoman rule. The monument has been the target of vandalism on several occasions .

In Mostar and Ljubuški streets and a square named after Musić in Ravno.

literature

  • Marko Vego: Don Ivan Musić i Hrvati u Hercegovačkom ustanku 1875–1878. godine . [Don Ivan Musić and the Croats in the Herzegovinian uprising 1875–1878]. Sarajevo 1953.
  • Ivica Puljić: Hrvati katolici Donje Hercegovine i Istočna kriza - hercegovački ustanak 1875–1878 . [The Croatian Catholics of Lower Herzegovina and the Eastern Crisis - The Herzegovinian Uprising 1875–1878] (=  Humski zbornik . Volume VII ). Dubrovnik-Neum 2004, ISBN 953-98642-7-5 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Basil Pandžić: Hercegovački Franjevci: sedam stoljeća s narodom . Ziral, 2001, ISBN 9958-37-018-2 , pp. 96 .
  2. ↑ Ernest Bauer: Between Crescent and Double Eagle: 40 years of Austrian administration in Bosnia-Herzegovina . Herold, 1971, p. 47 .
personal data
SURNAME Musić, Ivan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Musić, Don Ivan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Catholic clergyman and resistance fighter
DATE OF BIRTH December 24, 1848
PLACE OF BIRTH Klobuk near Ljubuški
DATE OF DEATH 1888
Place of death Belgrade