United States Joint Special Operations Command
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U.S. Joint Special Operations Command |
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|---|---|
.svg) Emblem of the JSOC |
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| Lineup | November 15, 1980 |
| Country | United States |
| Armed forces | United States Armed Forces |
| Type | Command command |
| Subordinate troops |
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| Insinuation |
 United States Special Operations Command
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| Fort Bragg, North Carolina | North Carolina |
| Nickname | JSOC |
| Calls |
Operation Urgent Fury (1983) Operation Just Cause (1989) Operation Desert Storm (1990) Operation Provide Comfort (1991) Operation Gothic Serpent (1993) Operation Uphold Democracy (1994) Bosnian War (1996) Operation Allied Force (1999) Operation Enduring Freedom ( 2001) Operation Iraqi Freedom (2003) Operation Neptune's Spear (2011) |
| commander | |
| commander | Lt. Gen. Austin S. Miller |
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The United States Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) is a command facility of the US armed forces that directs and coordinates joint operations with several special forces from various branches of the armed forces . It reports to the United States Special Operations Command .
assignment
The JSOC was founded in 1980 to uniformly lead, coordinate, train, supply and equip the special forces of the US armed forces, which are focused on counter-terrorism , hostage rescue and close quarters battle , as a cross -military command facility.
If necessary, the JSOC forms so-called “Special Missions Units”, small temporary and mission-dependent units that are recruited from the Delta Force and the Naval Special Warfare Development Group . In addition to the primary tasks already mentioned, they are also used for intelligence assignments, reconnaissance in enemy territory and (less often) for direct attack operations.
organization
Command level and headquarters
The JSOC is an independent component at the same command level with the Army Special Operations Command , the Naval Special Warfare Command , the Air Force Special Operations Command and the Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command together with the US Special Operations Command (USSOCOM), the supreme command of all US Special Forces, subordinated.
The headquarters are located at Pope Air Force Base ( North Carolina ), while some parts of the area are also stationed at the US Army base at Fort Bragg (North Carolina).
Subordinate units
- Army: 1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta ("Delta Force")
- Navy: Naval Special Warfare Development Group (DEVGRU), formerly SEAL Team 6
- Air Force: 24th Special Tactics Squadron (24th STS)
- Joint Communications Unit (JCU)
- Intelligence Support Activity (ISA)
- Task Force 11 , also under the names Task Force 121 , Task Force 6-26 , Task Force 145 and Task Force 77 (changing camouflage and working names ).
If necessary, if the aviation unit's resources are insufficient, the 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (Airborne) can provide additional close air support .
history
overview
Despite the Posse Comitatus Act , a US law that forbids the use of the military at home, special mission units were repeatedly given special permission by the US President together with the FBI's Hostage Rescue Team (HRT) on special occasions also used in the USA , for example to secure the 1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles . They were also used in various hostage rescue operations, such as the 1985 hijacking of the cruise ship Achille Lauro .
In response to the September 11 attacks , Task Force 11 was specially set up to be used in the Afghanistan area to arrest key Taliban leaders.
2005 to a small JSOC team at the inauguration of US President George W. Bush , despite the fact competent Secret Service , the personal security have adopted for fear of uproar over the controversial election result.
On September 30, 2011, Anwar al-Awlaki , an Islamist extremist and imam with US and Yemeni citizenship, was killed in an air strike carried out by the JSOC. After several days of observation of Awlaki by the CIA , armed drones launched from a secret US base on the Arabian Peninsula penetrated the northern Yemeni airspace and fired several Hellfire missiles at the vehicle in which Awlaki was traveling. Samir Khan , a US citizen with Pakistani roots and co-editor of the jihadist online magazine Inspire , was also killed in the attack.
After a series of unsuccessful drone attacks by the JSOC - the last one in December 2013, at which numerous guests at a wedding party were killed - the Yemeni government banned all military drone operations. However, this ban did not apply to CIA drone operations.
The JSOC and its subordinate units have been active in Iraq without interruption since 2003, even after the official withdrawal of troops in 2011.
Units that are subordinate to the JSOC freed 70 Kurdish and Iraqi soldiers from the hands of the Islamic State on October 21, 2015 . An American soldier was killed for the first time since 2011.
Calls
- Operation " Eagle Claw " - Iran, 1980
- Operation Urgent Fury - Grenada, 1983
- Operation " Acid Gambit " - Panama, 1989
- Operation “ Just Cause ” - Panama, 1989
- Operation " Desert Shield " - Iraq, 1990
- Operation Desert Storm - Iraq, 1991
- Operation " Restore Hope " - Somalia, 1993
- Operation " Gothic Serpent " - the operation that led to the deployment in Mogadishu.
- Operation Enduring Freedom - Afghanistan, 2001
- Operation " Anaconda " - Afghanistan, 2002 (Task Force 11)
- Operation " Iraqi Freedom " - Iraq, 2003
- Operation " Neptune's Spear " - Pakistan, 1./2. May 2011 (killing of Osama bin Laden )
List of commanders
| No. | Surname | Beginning of the appointment | End of appointment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Major General Richard A. Scholtes | December 1980 | August 1984 |
| 2 | Major General Carl W. Stiner | August 1984 | January 1987 |
| 3 | Major General Gary E. Luck | 1989 | 1990 |
| 4th | Brigadier General William F. Garrison | 1992 | 1994 |
| 5 | Major General Peter J. Schoomaker | 1994 | 1996 |
| 6th | Brigadier General Michael A. Canavan | 1997 | 1997 |
| 7th | Lieutenant General Dell Dailey | 2001 | March 2003 |
| 8th | Lieutenant General Stanley A. McChrystal | May 2003 | June 13, 2008 |
| 9 | Vice Admiral William H. McRaven | June 13, 2008 | June 2011 |
| 10 | Lieutenant General Joseph L. Votel | June 2011 | 29th July 2014 |
| 11 | Lieutenant General Raymond A. Thomas III | 29th July 2014 | 17th March 2016 |
| 11 | Lieutenant General Austin S. Miller | 17th March 2016 |
literature
- Steven Emerson , Secret Warriors: Inside the Covert Military Operations of the Reagan Era , GP Putnam's Sons, New York, 1988. ISBN 0-399-13360-7
- Michael Smith , Killer Elite: The Inside Story of America's Most Secret Special Operations Team , Cassell, London, 2006. ISBN 0-304-36727-3
- Jeremy Scahill : Dirty Wars. America's Secret Command Actions. Kunstmann, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-88897-868-5 .
Web links
- About the JSOC at GlobalSecurity.org (English)
- The JSOC at specialoperations.com (English)
- JSOC at delta-green.com ( Memento from April 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- "US special operations come of age" . (English)
- Special Ops: Lives First in Lynch Rescue ( Washington Times article)
Film / television
- Dirty Wars: The World Is a Battlefield ( Dirty Wars: The secret commando actions of the United States ) by Richard Rowley and Jeremy Scahill, 2013
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hala Jaber, Sarah Baxter and Michael Smith, How Iraq's Ghost of Death was Cornered , The Times Online, June 11, 2006
- ^ "In January 2005 a small group of commandos deployed to support security at the Presidential inauguration. Theye were deployed under a secret counterterrorism program named Power Geyser. "
- ^ "Same US military unit that got Osama bin laden [sic] killed Anwar al-Awlaki", The Telegraph, UK (September 30, 2011)
- ↑ http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/06/world/delays-in-effort-to-refocus-cia-from-drone-war.html?_r=0
- ^ Andrew Feickert: US Special Operations Forces (SOF): Background and Issues for Congress - RS21048.pdf. April 9, 2015, p. 9 , archived from the original on April 19, 2015 ; Retrieved April 20, 2015 .
- ↑ US Special Operations soldier killed in Iraq hostage rescue operation. (No longer available online.) October 22, 2015, archived from the original on October 30, 2015 ; accessed on October 24, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
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