Jacob Joseph Winterl
Jacob Joseph Winterl (born April 15, 1732 in Eisenerz (Styria) , † November 23, 1809 in Pest ) was an Austrian doctor , botanist , pharmacist and chemist of the 18th century. Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " Winterl ".
Winterl studied medicine , botany and chemistry at the University of Vienna and received his doctorate in medicine in 1767 with a dissertation on a new theory of inflammation. During his student days he made friends with Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz and carried out special botanical studies with him. After completing his studies, he was a resident doctor in Upper Austria and in the Banater Bergland. On the recommendation of Gerard van Swieten , he became a professor in 1771 at the Medical Faculty of the University of Trnava, which had just been founded in 1769 (Hungarian Nagyszombat, German Tyrnau). There he taught chemistry and botany, while his professor colleague Adam Ignac Prandt taught pharmaceutical science and biology. Both were responsible for training pharmacists. His work was initially hampered by the lack of a botanical garden (which remained so in his time in Tyrnau) and a chemical laboratory . Some of his lectures have been preserved along with other manuscripts (e.g. a pharmacy compendium). In botany he used the Carl von Linné system . In chemistry he was a supporter of the phlogiston theory.
In teaching, he was officially in Trnava on the works of Joseph Franz von Jacquin and Torbern Bergman bound, but he also used Christlieb honor God Gellert in the metallurgy , the Elementa Chemiae of Herman Boerhaave , works of Jacob Reinbold Spielmann and Philipp Ambros Marherr ( 1738-1771).
When the University of Tyrnau moved to Pest, Winterl also moved there and was also in charge of the botanical garden in the nearby oven (Buda), which he expanded despite the inadequate public center and helped to gain a reputation. In 1785 and 1788 he published catalogs of the plants growing there and others followed; the catalog of 1802 contained over 3400 species.
Various works were sometimes wrongly ascribed to him, such as a work on herpetology by Josephus Nicolaus Laurenti and on chemistry (De metallis dubiis) with the first mention of the production of pure manganese by Ignatius Gottfried Kaim .
He published in chemistry among other things about blood liquor salt (a dye) and the thermal waters of Buda and in general the thermal and mineral waters in Hungary . In botany he dealt with the flora of Hungary and fruit processing .
In 1800 he was elected a corresponding member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . In 1808 he was accepted as a foreign member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences .
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Winterl, Jacob Joseph . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 57th part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1889, pp. 89–91 ( digitized version ).
- Radoslav Fundarek, trained as a pharmacist at the Medical Faculty of Nagyszombat University, Comm. Hist. Artis Med., 57-59, 1971, pp. 259-268
Web links
- Author entry and list of the plant names described for Jacob Joseph Winterl at the IPNI
Individual evidence
- ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 262.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Winterl, Jacob Joseph |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Winterl, József Jakab |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian chemist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 15, 1732 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Iron ore (Styria) |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 23, 1809 |
| Place of death | pest |