Jan Kucharzewski

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Jan Kucharzewski

Jan Kucharzewski (born May 27, 1876 in Wysokie Mazowieckie , † July 4, 1952 in New York City ) was a Polish historian , lawyer , politician and Prime Minister .

Life

Studies and professional career

After attending school, he studied law and history at the University of Warsaw , which he graduated in 1898. Immediately afterwards he joined the political community of Polish youth ( Związek Młodzieży Polskiej ) (Zet). He later became a member of the National Democrats ( Narodowa Demokracja ) and the National League ( Liga Narodowa ), of which he was a member until 1911. During this time he was already active as an author of history books on the 19th century and on contemporary history topics :

  • Socyalizm prawniczy (1906)
  • Sprawa polska w parlamencie frankfurck in 1848 roku (1908)
  • Maurycy Mochnacki (1910)
  • Epoka Paskiewiczowska. Losy oświaty (1914)

At the beginning of the First World War he went into exile in Switzerland , where he wrote several articles on the political situation in Poland. In June 1917 he returned to Poland and was appointed legal advisor (Kronreferendar) to the Regency Council.

Prime Minister from 1917 to 1918 and expert on Russia

On November 26, 1917, he became the first prime minister of the reign of Poland . He held this office until his replacement by Antoni Ponikowski on February 27, 1918.

After 1920 he was again mainly active as a scientist and author of historical specialist literature. In 1921 it was first a guest member and then in 1929 a full member of the Warsaw Scientific Society ( Towarzystwo Naukowe Warszawskie ). At the same time he acquired the reputation of an excellent expert on the Soviet Union . Between 1923 and 1935 he published From White to Red Tsarism ( Od białego do czerwonego caratu , 7 volumes), in which he was the first to describe the USSR as Red Tsarism and Josef Stalin as its Tsar . Finally he became a Corresponding Member in 1926 and then in 1936 a Full Member of the Polish Academy of Learning ( Polska Akademia Umiejętności ).

After the German occupation of Poland , he went into exile in the USA in 1940 , where in 1942 he was one of the founders of the Polish Institute for Art and Science in America. In addition, he was again the author of articles on the political situation in Poland, which were predominantly characterized by an anti-communist and anti-Soviet point of view. During this time his book The Origin of Modern Russia (1948) was written.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Simon Sebag-Montefiore : Stalin. The Court of the Red Tsar . ( Memento of the original from June 11, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. London 2004 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ku-eichstaett.de
  2. ^ The Polish Institute In Historical Perspective: 1942-2005 . ( Memento of the original from October 27, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.piasa.org
personal data
SURNAME Kucharzewski, Jan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish Prime Minister and historian
DATE OF BIRTH May 27, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Wysokie Mazowieckie
DATE OF DEATH 4th July 1952
Place of death New York City