Jared Ingersoll

Jared Ingersoll (1820)

Jared Ingersoll (born October 24, 1749 in New Haven , Colony of Connecticut , † October 31, 1822 in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania ) was a lawyer and politician from Philadelphia. Not only was he one of the founding fathers of the United States , but he was also a co-author of the Bill of Rights .

Ingersoll was a delegate to the Continental Congress for Pennsylvania and signed the constitution at the Philadelphia Convention . Ingersoll served as the Attorney General of Philadelphia from 1791 to 1800 and from 1811 to 1816. He served as the United States Attorney for Pennsylvania from 1800 and 1801 .

Life

Jared Ingersoll was committed to the ideas of the Enlightenment and supported the cause of the American Revolution . His training as a lawyer reinforced his belief that the problems of the newly independent states were caused by the inadequacy of the articles of the Confederation .

He became an early and ardent advocate of constitutional reform, although, like a number of his colleagues at the Constitutional Convention , he believed that reform could be achieved by simply changing the statutes. It was only after weeks of debate that he realized that a new document was necessary. Ironically, he made his great contribution to the cause of constitutional government not during the Convention but only later, as he helped define many of the Philadelphia tenets during a long and distinguished legal career.

Career before the Constitutional Convention

He was born in New Haven, Connecticut to Jared Ingersoll Sr. (1722–1781). The father was a British government official and a strong representative of the Crown. This led to an attack by American patriots who tarred and feathered it.

In 1765, the year of the Stamp Act , the elder Jared Ingersoll was named Stamp Master. He was assigned to Connecticut. Ingersoll became the most hated man in the Colony of Connecticut for the next several months .

The young Ingersoll attended Hopkins Grammar School in New Haven in 1762, graduated from Yale College in 1766, studied law in Philadelphia and was admitted to the Pennsylvania bar in 1773. Ingersoll was torn between his quest for independence and loyalty to his father. He escaped the conflict and spent a long time in Europe. In Paris he made the acquaintance of Benjamin Franklin .

Shortly after the start of the revolution, he confessed to it. In 1778 he moved to Philadelphia. Two years later he was elected to the Continental Congress (1780–81). In 1781 he married Elizabeth Pettit. In the same year he was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society .

Contributions to the Constitutional Convention

At the convention, Ingersoll was named among those calling for the existing Confederation articles to be revised. But in the end, he joined the majority and supported a plan for a new federal government. Despite his reputation as a good attorney, Ingersoll rarely participated in the debates of Congress, but did so in all meetings.

Career after the Constitutional Convention

As soon as the new government was established, Ingersoll returned to the legal profession. Except for a few forays into politics, he was a member of the Philadelphia Joint Council (1789). In the presidential election of 1812 , he applied as a running mate from DeWitt Clinton for the post of Vice President . Both belonged to the Federalist Party . However, James Madison and Elbridge Gerry of the Democratic Republican Party won the election.

Ingersoll's most important contribution to the constitutional government cause came not during the Convention, but later during a long and distinguished legal career, when he helped define many of the principles established in Philadelphia. He made his contributions to the constitutional process through several Supreme Court cases that defined various principles in constitutional law during the beginning of the new republic. In one important case, he represented Georgia in the Chisholm v. Georgia (1793), a landmark case of state rights. Here the court ruled against him, namely that a state could be sued in the federal court by a citizen of another state. This reversal of the concept of state sovereignty was later repealed by the eleventh amendment to the constitution. At Hylton's representation in Hylton v. United States (1796) Ingersoll appeared in the first legal challenge for the constitutionality of a law of Congress. In this case, the Supreme Court upheld the government's right to impose a tax on cargo.

Ingersoll served as an advisor on a number of occasions. These included B. the international relations of the USA to other nations. He defended Senator William Blount from Tennessee in his impeachment proceedings .

death

Jared Ingersoll died in Philadelphia at the age of 73. He was buried in the Old Pine Street Presbyterian Church Cemetery . The road Ingersoll Street in Madison, Wisconsin is named after Jared Ingersoll.

family

Sons: Charles Jared Ingersoll (1782–1862) and Joseph Reed Ingersoll (1786–1868).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Jared Ingersoll (1749-1822) . University of Pennsylvania . Retrieved October 24, 2010.
2. ↑ ^{a b} Jared Ingersoll, Find a Grave . Find a grave . Retrieved October 24, 2010.
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Jared Ingersoll - Pennsylvania . Center of Military History-United States Army, 1987 . Retrieved October 24, 2010.
4. ↑ The Scarlet Standard No.6 | Connecticut Sons of the American Revolution. Retrieved June 1, 2018 (American English). 
5. ↑ Thom Peters: From the Archives . In: Views from the Hill , Hopkins School, Fall 2009, p. 52 . Retrieved December 29, 2010. 
6. ^ Biographical Directory of the United States Congress: INGERSOLL, Jared, (1749 - 1822) . Biographical Directory of the United States Congress . Retrieved October 29, 2010.
7. ↑ ^{a b c} Jared Ingersoll, Pennsylvania . The National Archives . Retrieved October 24, 2010.
8. ^ National Park Service - Signers of the Constitution (Jared Ingersoll). Retrieved June 1, 2018 . 
9. ^ Member History: Jared Ingersoll. American Philosophical Society, accessed October 9, 2018 . 
10. ↑ http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/odd/archives/002071.asp