Jilmová
Jilmová (German Ulmbach , formerly Olmbach , Ollenbach ) is a desert in the Bohemian Ore Mountains , Czech Republic . It forms a basic settlement unit of the municipality Hora Svatého Šebestiána ( Sankt Sebastiansberg ) in Okres Chomutov . The cadastral area covers 696.7117 ha.
location
Jilmová was 810 m above sea level. M. three kilometers northwest of Hora Svatého Šebestiána on the mountain ridge directly on the border with the Saxon statute . The village on the right bank of the Schwarzen Pockau , which is still called Schwarzwasser here , in the basin of the flowing Mühlbach, together with its statutes, formed a small settlement area that was completely surrounded by the forests of the Ore Mountains. In the southeast, the place met the high moor on the Assigbach , where the great Sebastiansberg peat digs were carried out. The Hintere Glasberg (Skelný vrch, 877.6 m) rises to the south .
history
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Since the mid-13th century passed in the reign of Chomutov associated Ulmbach glassworks , so the place was the oldest proven glassworks site in the Erzgebirge. The raw materials for the green or green-yellow glass produced here were found primarily on the Hinterer Glasberg. A small settlement grew around the huts.
The written tradition does not start until 1557, when the lordly forester Christoph Wolf was awarded the inn in Ulmbach by Johann von Weitmühl from Komotau, including numerous privileges, such as brewing and distilling justice, which Bohuslav Joachim Lobkowitz von Hassenstein confirmed to him in 1583 as the village had become part of the Preßnitz rule . Wolf founded the Ulmbach estate on this.
It is not known when glass production was stopped. After this time, the residents of Ulmbach lived from logging and pasture farming, and a sawmill was operated in the village . Because of the harsh and long winters, in which the snow depth was up to 4 meters, and summers with high levels of precipitation with frequent bad weather, agriculture played only a minor role. In the village, a trade route led across the Saxon border at statute on to Selva , where the inn served as a break. Ulmbach was parish to Sebastiansberg.
In the middle of the 17th century, Jeremias Haindl bought the Ulmbacher estate and the inn, in 1686 the city of Komotau acquired this property and transferred it to its management in Schönlind . In the 18th century an iron ore deposit was mined . However, the ores from the Schwarzes Rössel colliery were of poor quality, so that the unprofitable mine was closed again.
After the patrimonial jurisdiction was replaced , Ulmbach became an independent municipality in the judicial district of Sebastiansberg and Komotau in 1849 . A little later the property was closed and its corridors were sold in lots. In 1877 Ulmbach got its own school, since the school location Reizenhain was often not accessible in winter . At this time the place had already lost all importance, the trade route to Selva was no longer important, as the important routes now led to Marienberg . The Buschtěhrad Railway to Weipert or Reitzenhain also ran far past the village and the next train station in Krima could only be reached after an hour's walk.
In 1939, 116 people lived in Ulmbach in 22 houses, including the 5 residents of the mill on the Schwarzwasser half a kilometer to the north. The community area covered an area of 400 hectares.
After the Second World War, the residents, who belonged exclusively to the German ethnic group, were expelled. Although 21 Czechs were still resettled in Jilmová in 1945, these families were resettled in 1950, unless they had already left the remote village, as the place was intended to be demolished because of its location on the border.
Only the forester and his family remained in Jilmová. When his children started school, he too left the place, which now had the character of a hermitage, as the way to school to Hora Svatého Šebestiána was unreasonable. The forester's house remained uninhabited and was left to decay.
Between 1985 and 1989 archaeological excavations took place in the desert village .
Development of the population
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Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/641821/Jilmova
- ↑ Historický lexikon obcí České republiky - 1869–2015. (PDF) Český statistický úřad, December 18, 2015, accessed on January 17, 2016 (Czech).
Web links
- http://www.komotau.de/ulmbach.htm
- http://www.komotau.de/ulmbach_Fotoalbum.htm
- http://www.zanikleobce.cz/index.php?lang=d&obec=28
Coordinates: 50 ° 32 ' N , 13 ° 13' E