Joachim Jungius

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Joachim Jungius

Joachim Jungius (actually Joachim Junge ; born October 22, 1587 in Lübeck , † September 23, 1657 in Hamburg ) was a German mathematician , physicist and philosopher .

Life

After completing school at the Katharineum in Lübeck , Jungius studied metaphysics , first from 1606 to 1608 at the University of Rostock , then in Gießen . In 1609 he received a professorship for mathematics there, which he held until 1614. In 1616 he returned to Rostock to take up medical studies, which he finally completed in 1619 at the University of Padua .

From 1624 to 1625 and again from 1626 to 1628 he worked at the University of Rostock as a mathematics professor, in between briefly at the Academia Julia in Helmstedt as a professor of medicine. In 1629 he finally moved to Hamburg and became a professor of natural sciences there. There Jungius also took over the rectorate of the Johanneum , a Latin school, and the Academic Gymnasium, which is housed under the same roof .

Act

Jungius on a GDR postage stamp from 1957

In Rostock, Joachim Jungius founded the first scientific society north of the Alps in 1622, the Societas ereunetica sive zetetica .

He dealt with atomistics and contributed to the establishment of chemistry as a natural science. His most important work Logica Hamburgensis (1638) deals with the renewal of logic .

In his dissertation Doxoscopiae Physicae Minores , written in 1630 and published in 1642, Joachim Jungius rejected the four elements of antiquity (fire, earth, air and water) and the three elements of alchemy (mercury, sulfur, salt). He also rejected the alchemist's idea of ​​extracting gold by transforming metals. Chemical elements are uniform substances that cannot be further broken down.

The proof that the chain line is not a parabola, as assumed by Galileo among others , was also provided by him in 1639.

Leibniz repeatedly highlighted him among his role models and named him roughly in line with Aristotle and Descartes .

In his will, Jungius donated a scholarship for students of mathematics and philosophy. Every year six students received this scholarship, who were supposed to organize and complete the manuscripts they had left behind.

His handwritten estate is in the Hamburg State and University Library and was digitized by 2015. Other autographs are kept in the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Library in Hanover and the Rostock University Library , among others .

See also

Works

  • Geometria Empirica. Typis Haeredu [m] Richelianorum, Rostock 1627 ( digitized version )
  • Logica hamburgensis. Offerman, Hamburg 1638 ( digitized version ; deals with the renewal of logic ).

expenditure

  • Gaby Hübner: From the literary estate of Joachim Jungius. Edition of the tragedy Lucretia and the school and university speeches . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1995, ISBN 3-525-86273-3 .
  • Christoph Meinel (Ed.): Joachim Jungius: Praelectiones Physicae. Historical-critical edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1982, ISBN 3-525-85572-9
  • Rudolf W. Meyer (Ed.): Joachimi Jungii Logica Hamburgensis. Augustin, Hamburg 1957 (critical edition).
  • Clemens Müller-Glauser (Ed.): Joachim Jungius: Disputationes Hamburgenses. Critical Edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1988, ISBN 3-525-86237-7
  • Wilhelm Risse (Ed.): Joachimi Jungii Logicae Hamburgensis additamenta. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1977, ISBN 3-525-85555-9
  • Martin Rothkegel (ed.): The correspondence of Joachim Jungius . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2005, ISBN 978-3-525-86330-5 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Joachim Jungius  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See the entry of Joachim Jungius' matriculation in the Rostock matriculation portal .
  2. ^ Edward Harrington Lockwood: A book of curves . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1971, pp. 124 .
  3. ↑ Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz : main writings for the foundation of philosophy. On the general characteristics (= Philosophical Works. Volume 1). Translated by Artur Buchenau. Reviewed and edited with introductions and explanations by Ernst Cassirer . Mine, Hamburg. 1966, p. 33.
  4. ^ Johann Martin Lappenberg (Ed.): The mild private foundations in Hamburg . Perthes-Besser & Mauke, Hamburg 1845, p. 48 f . ( Digitized on the pages of the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek ).
  5. ↑ State and University Library Hamburg: Jungius estate
personal data
SURNAME Jungius, Joachim
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Boy, Joachim (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German mathematician, physicist and philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH October 22, 1587
PLACE OF BIRTH Lübeck
DATE OF DEATH September 23, 1657
Place of death Hamburg