Johanka (Stará Červená Voda)

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Johanka
Johanka does not have a coat of arms
Johanka (Stará Červená Voda) (Czech Republic)
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Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Olomoucký kraj
District : Jeseník
Municipality : Stará Červená Voda
Geographic location : 50 ° 21 '  N , 17 ° 13'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 21 '14 "  N , 17 ° 12' 55"  E
Height: 310  m nm
Residents : 0
traffic
Street: Vidnava - Mikulovice

Johanka (German Johannaburg ) is an extinct settlement of the Stará Červená Voda municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located three kilometers southeast of Vidnava on the Polish border and belongs to the Okres Jeseník .

geography

Johanka is located in the Vidnavská nížina ( Weidenauer Senke ) directly on the state border with Poland. To the west rises the Ovčí vrch ( Schafberg , 323 m nm), in the south the Kostelní vrch ( Kirchberg , 355 m nm). State road II / 457 between Vidnava and Mikulovice leads through the desert .

Neighboring towns are Łąka ( Wiesau ) and Jodłów ( Tannenberg ) in the north, Jarnołtów ( Dürr Arnsdorf ) to the east, Výhled ( watch ), Velké Kunětice and Strachovičky the southeast, Supíkovice and Stara Cervena Voda in the south, Dolni Cervena Voda in the southwest, Stachlovice in West and Nová Malá Kraš , Vidnavské Fojtství , Vidnava and Krasov in the northwest.

history

In the course of the partition of Silesia, the border was drawn between Rothwasser and Dürr Arnsdorf in 1742 along the Kaiserstraße leading from Weidenau to Ziegenhals . In the 1760s, the owner of the Nieder Rothwasser estate , Franz Urban von Mückusch und Buchberg, had part of the estate land parceled out and the Johannaburg colony, named after his wife Johanna, née von Falkenhayn-Gloschek , built on the plain directly on the Prussian border . The settlement was parish after Rothwasser. Around 1800 there were nine houses with 40 German-speaking residents in Johannaburg , including an inn. Only rye and oats grew in the fields. The mining of kaolin began northwest of the colony in the 19th century .

In 1836 the Johannaburg colony consisted of nine closely spaced houses in which 66 people lived. There was a break on Kaiserstrasse . An avenue led from Nieder Rothwasser Castle to Johannaburg . The main sources of income were yarn spinning and daily wages; border smuggling played no insignificant role. The parish and school location was Alt-Rothwasser . Johannaburg remained subject to the Nieder Rothwasser estate until the middle of the 19th century .

After the abolition of patrimonial Johannaburg formed from 1849 a district of the community Rothwasser / Červená Voda in the judicial district Weidenau . From 1869 the colony belonged to the Freiwaldau district. At that time over 70 people lived in Johannaburg . At the end of the 19th century the Czech name Johanka was introduced. In 1900 Johannaburg had 42 inhabitants and consisted of 10 houses. To prevent smuggling to and from Prussia, a permanent financial guard was stationed directly in the village. In the 1921 census, 51 Germans lived in the 10 houses in Johannaburg . In 1930 Johannaburg had 52 inhabitants, including 49 Germans, and consisted of 10 houses. After the Munich Agreement , the colony was assigned to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Freiwaldau district until 1945 . After the end of the Second World War, Johanka came back to Czechoslovakia; the German-speaking residents were expelled in 1945/46 . After the last family had left the place, the repopulation of Johanka was prohibited by the authorities due to the strained relations with Poland, which the Prussian territories had been awarded. The colony on the border was seen as a security risk. The abandoned houses were plundered by the population and gradually demolished for the extraction of building materials. In the 1950s, Johanka was nothing but ruins. The district was officially closed in 1965.

Today only bushes with the ruins of the former spans are left on the site of Johanka. The former gardens and fields of the colony are now used as pastureland and offer a good view of the Reichensteiner Mountains and the Jeseníky Mountains .

Local division

The Johanka desert is part of the Dolní Červená Voda cadastral district of the Stará Červená Voda municipality .

Attractions

  • Wooden cross with plaque, erected as part of the Zaniklé obce Jesenicka project .
  • Chapel of Our Lady of Sorrows ( Latzel Chapel ), northwest of Johanka
  • Former kaolin pits with Kaolínka bathing pond , northwest of Johanka

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Reginald Kneifl : Topography of the Kaiser. royal Antheils of Silesia. Zweyther Theil, second volume. Brno 1805, p. 264
  2. ↑ Faustin Ens : The Oppaland or the Opava district, according to its historical, natural history, civic and local peculiarities. Volume 4: Description of the location of the principalities of Jägerndorf and Neisse, Austrian Antheils and the Moravian enclaves in the Troppauer district . Vienna 1837, pp. 319-320
  3. ↑ Chytilův místopis ČSR, 2nd updated edition, 1929, p. 481 Jíva - Johann-Schacht II