Johann Adam Osiander (theologian)

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Johann Adam Osiander, painting of the Tübingen Professorengalerie (1665)

Johann Adam Osiander (born December 3, 1622 in Vaihingen an der Enz , † October 26, 1697 in Tübingen ) was a Württemberg Lutheran theologian .

Life

The son of the deacon Johann Balthasar Osiander and his wife Catharina (née Hartmann) came from an old Protestant parish family. His great-great-grandfather Andreas Osiander had already made a name for himself as a reformer, his great-grandfather Lucas Osiander the Elder was a court preacher in Württemberg and his grandfather Johann Osiander (1564–1626) was general superintendent and abbot in Adelberg .

After attending the Latin school in his hometown, he first took up a basic course in philosophy at the University of Tübingen in 1639 and in 1642 obtained the academic degree of a master's degree in philosophy . He then devoted himself to theological studies with Melchior Nicolai and Johann Ulrich Pregizer , was vicar in Stuttgart in 1647 , then a deacon in Göppingen and in 1653 in Tübingen, where he continued his studies. Osiander received his doctorate in theology in 1656 , and in the same year became an associate professor of the Greek language and theology.

In 1660 he was promoted to full professor of theology, in 1680 took over the office of Chancellor of the University of Tübingen and at the same time the associated post of provost of the Tübingen collegiate church . Osiander also took part in the organizational tasks of the Tübingen University. He was dean of the theological faculty several times, rector of the alma mater three times and, for two and a half years, the equivalent prorector.

He died of a heart attack in Tübingen on October 26, 1697 and was buried in Tübingen on October 28.

Act

During his long academic activity he gave around 270 lectures on theological and philosophical subjects, and in particular he was entrusted with the exegesis of the Greek New Testament books of the Bible . Osiander was recognized by his contemporaries as one of the first theologians of the century and referred to as "the eye of the Lutheran Church". Students from all countries crowded his lectures, especially from Sweden . In the meantime, he was in no way creative, but maintained the old pride of the Tubingen, the polemics , against the heresies.

Despite his friendship with the Pietist Philipp Jacob Spener, he was a representative of Lutheran orthodoxy , which placed the main emphasis of academic and theological teaching on polemics and controversies. Osiander did not usually read about individual books of the New Testament, but only about individual passages, loca difficiliora, with which one could best defeat opponents. The inevitable consequence of his orthodox conviction that he was against the penetration of Cartesian philosophy and against the recurring unionist efforts between Protestants and Catholics was the necessary consequence.

family

Osiander was married three times.

  • 1650 with Anna Magdalena Schüpper. There were eight children from this marriage.
  • April 18, 1689 with Anna Maria († October 1696), widow of court attorney Johann Georg Behr.
  • April 8, 1697 with Agathe Christiane, widow of the prelate Johann Ludwig Dreher von Hirsau, who died in French captivity as a hostage at Metz.

The last two marriages were childless. From the children we know:

Fonts

  • Theologia moralis , 1671.
  • Observationes Maximam partem Theologicæ In Libros Tres De Jure Belli Et Pacis, Hugonis Grotii , 1671.
  • Theologia casualis , 1682.
  • De iure circa sacra, et in specie de iure reformandi , 1682.
  • Collegium systematicum theologiae universae , 1686.
  • Commentarius in Pentateuchum , 1676.
  • Commentarius in libros Josue-Samuelis , 1682.
  • Collegium Anti-Cartesianum , 1684.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Reinhold Scholl: The portrait collection of the University of Tübingen, 1477 to 1927. Writings of the Verein für Württembergische Familienkunde, volume 2, published by K. Ad. Emil Müller, Stuttgart, 1927.

literature

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Osiander, Johann Adam
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Osiandrus, Johann Adamus; Osiander, Johannes Adam; Osiandrus, Joannes Adamus; Osiander, Joannes Adam; Osiandrus, Johannes Adamus; Osiander, Johann-Adamus; Osiander, Johannes; Adamus; Osiander, Johann Adam the Elder; Osiandrus, Joh. Adamus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Lutheran theologian
DATE OF BIRTH December 3, 1622
PLACE OF BIRTH Vaihingen an der Enz
DATE OF DEATH October 26, 1697
Place of death Tübingen