Johann Adam Osiander (theologian)
Johann Adam Osiander (born December 3, 1622 in Vaihingen an der Enz , † October 26, 1697 in Tübingen ) was a Württemberg Lutheran theologian .
Life
The son of the deacon Johann Balthasar Osiander and his wife Catharina (née Hartmann) came from an old Protestant parish family. His great-great-grandfather Andreas Osiander had already made a name for himself as a reformer, his great-grandfather Lucas Osiander the Elder was a court preacher in Württemberg and his grandfather Johann Osiander (1564–1626) was general superintendent and abbot in Adelberg .
After attending the Latin school in his hometown, he first took up a basic course in philosophy at the University of Tübingen in 1639 and in 1642 obtained the academic degree of a master's degree in philosophy . He then devoted himself to theological studies with Melchior Nicolai and Johann Ulrich Pregizer , was vicar in Stuttgart in 1647 , then a deacon in Göppingen and in 1653 in Tübingen, where he continued his studies. Osiander received his doctorate in theology in 1656 , and in the same year became an associate professor of the Greek language and theology.
In 1660 he was promoted to full professor of theology, in 1680 took over the office of Chancellor of the University of Tübingen and at the same time the associated post of provost of the Tübingen collegiate church . Osiander also took part in the organizational tasks of the Tübingen University. He was dean of the theological faculty several times, rector of the alma mater three times and, for two and a half years, the equivalent prorector.
He died of a heart attack in Tübingen on October 26, 1697 and was buried in Tübingen on October 28.
Act
During his long academic activity he gave around 270 lectures on theological and philosophical subjects, and in particular he was entrusted with the exegesis of the Greek New Testament books of the Bible . Osiander was recognized by his contemporaries as one of the first theologians of the century and referred to as "the eye of the Lutheran Church". Students from all countries crowded his lectures, especially from Sweden . In the meantime, he was in no way creative, but maintained the old pride of the Tubingen, the polemics , against the heresies.
Despite his friendship with the Pietist Philipp Jacob Spener, he was a representative of Lutheran orthodoxy , which placed the main emphasis of academic and theological teaching on polemics and controversies. Osiander did not usually read about individual books of the New Testament, but only about individual passages, loca difficiliora, with which one could best defeat opponents. The inevitable consequence of his orthodox conviction that he was against the penetration of Cartesian philosophy and against the recurring unionist efforts between Protestants and Catholics was the necessary consequence.
family
Osiander was married three times.
- 1650 with Anna Magdalena Schüpper. There were eight children from this marriage.
- April 18, 1689 with Anna Maria († October 1696), widow of court attorney Johann Georg Behr.
- April 8, 1697 with Agathe Christiane, widow of the prelate Johann Ludwig Dreher von Hirsau, who died in French captivity as a hostage at Metz.
The last two marriages were childless. From the children we know:
- Anna Magdalena Osiander, ⚭ Johann Wolfgang Jäger (1647–1720), theologian
- Catharina Magaretha Osiander († before father), ⚭ Aegidius Adam Zincke
- Johannes Osiander (1657–1724), theologian
- Johann Adam Osiander (medic) (1659–1708), medic
- Catharina Osiander, ⚭ Tobias Meurer (1648–1725), Stuttgart high school professor
Fonts
- Theologia moralis , 1671.
- Observationes Maximam partem Theologicæ In Libros Tres De Jure Belli Et Pacis, Hugonis Grotii , 1671.
- Theologia casualis , 1682.
- De iure circa sacra, et in specie de iure reformandi , 1682.
- Collegium systematicum theologiae universae , 1686.
- Commentarius in Pentateuchum , 1676.
- Commentarius in libros Josue-Samuelis , 1682.
- Collegium Anti-Cartesianum , 1684.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Reinhold Scholl: The portrait collection of the University of Tübingen, 1477 to 1927. Writings of the Verein für Württembergische Familienkunde, volume 2, published by K. Ad. Emil Müller, Stuttgart, 1927.
literature
- Theodor Schott : Osiander, Johann Adam . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 24, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1887, p. 488 f.
- Fritz Roth : Complete evaluations of funeral sermons and personal documents for genealogical and cultural-historical purposes. Volume 2. R 1593.
- Osiander, Johann Adam, born in Baithingen. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 25, Leipzig 1740, column 2103 f.
- Christian Gottlieb Jöcher : General scholarly lexicon. 3rd volume. Sp. 1120 ( Google books ).
- Wagenmann, Bossert: Osiander . In: Realencyklopadie for Protestant Theology and Church (RE). 3. Edition. Volume 14, Hinrichs, Leipzig 1904, p. 513.
- Thomas Hilarius Meyer: "Rod" of God and "shit" of the devil. Theological theory of magic and witches at the University of Tübingen in the early modern period. Hamburg 2019, ISBN 978-3-7323-5024-7
Web links
- Works by and about Johann Adam Osiander in the German Digital Library
- Publications by and about Johann Adam Osiander in VD 17 .
- Digitized prints by Johann Adam Osiander in the Post-Reformation Digital Library
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Osiander, Johann Adam |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Osiandrus, Johann Adamus; Osiander, Johannes Adam; Osiandrus, Joannes Adamus; Osiander, Joannes Adam; Osiandrus, Johannes Adamus; Osiander, Johann-Adamus; Osiander, Johannes; Adamus; Osiander, Johann Adam the Elder; Osiandrus, Joh. Adamus |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German Lutheran theologian |
DATE OF BIRTH | December 3, 1622 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Vaihingen an der Enz |
DATE OF DEATH | October 26, 1697 |
Place of death | Tübingen |